WELCOME
TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON
NANOFLUIDS
Under the guidance of PRESENTED BY
Vishwanth M M Nagesh R
Assistant Professor USN:1RI12ME032
Department of Mechanical Engineering
RR Institute of Technology
INTRODUCTION
What are Nanofluids?
Nanofluids are suspension of nano particle in
a base fluids, typically water.
Suspended nanoparticle in various base
fluids can alter the fluid flow
The term Nano particle comes from the latin
prefix “NANO”.It is used to denote the 10^-9
part of unit.
MATERIAL USED FOR NANO PARTICLE AND
BASE FLUIDS
Nano particle Base fluids are,
materials . Water
Ethylene or other
coolant
Oxide ceramics= Oil or other lubricant
AL203,CUO Bio-fluids
Metal carbide=Sic, Polymer solution
Nitrides=Aln2,Sin2
Metal=AL,CU
Non-Metal=graphite
PREPARATION METHOD OF
NANOFLUIDS
TWO-STEP METHOD
SINGLE-STEP METHOD
TWO-STEP METHOD
It is most widely used method for preparing
Nanofluids
Nanoparticle,nanofibres ,nanotubes used in
this method, first to produce a dry powder by
chemical or physical
In second step with help of intensive
magnetic, or ultrasonic agitation, disperse in
a base fluid
SINGLE-STEP METHOD
In this process consist of simultaneously
making and dispersing the particle is the fluids.
Suitable for metallic Nanoparticle
single step method
STRUCTURE OF NANOFLUIDS
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF NANO FLUIDS
Brownian Motion
Interfacial layer (nanolayer)
Volume fraction of particle
BROWNIAN MOTION
It is postulated the enhanced thermal conductivity of a
nanoparticle when fluids when compared to convection
predication
Brownian motion which produced mico-mixing
This effect is a additive to the thermal conductivity of a
static dilute suspension
Since speed of thermal wave propagation is much faster
than particle Brownian motion.
Brownian motion of nanoparticle
INERFACIAL LAYER (NANO LAYER)
Although liquid molecules close to a solid surface are
known about the connection between this Nanolayer
and thermal properties of solid/liquid suspension.
Nanolayer act as thermal Bridge between a solid
particle and a bulk liquid.
Nanolayer molecules would be expected to lead to a
higher thermal conductivity than bulk liquid.
NANO FLUIDS STRUCTURE CONSISTING OF SINGLE SPHERICAL PARTICLE WITH
NANOPARTICLE,BULKLIQUID AND NANOLAYER INTERFACIAL LAYER IN FLUID MEDIUM
SOLID/LIQUID.
INERFACIAL LAYER (NANO LAYER)
VOULME FRACTION
Highly conductive Nanoparticle of very low volume
fraction distributed in a quiescent liquid(called
nanofluids) may measurably increase the effective
thermal conductivity of suspension when compared
to pure liquid
ADVANTAGE OF NANOFLUIDS
High specific surface area and therefore more heat transfer
surface between particle and fluids.
High dispersion stability with predominant Brownian motion of
particle.
Reduced pumping power as compared to pure liquid to achieve
equivalent heat transfer intensification.
Adjustable properties including thermal conductivity and
surface wet ability by varying particle concentration to suit
different application
LIMITATION OF NANO FLUIDS
Lower specific heat
High cost Nanofluids
Difficulties in production process
APPLICATIONS OF NANOFLUID
Heat-transfer nanofluids.
Space and Defense
Electronic cooling nanofluids.
Transport System nanofluids. (used in a auto mobiles)
Chemical engineering
Solar absorption
Medical nanofluids (drug delivery and functional tissue–cell interaction).
HEAT-TRANSFER NANOFLUIDS.
The particles settle rapidly, forming a layer on the surface and
reducing the heat transfer capacity of the fluid.
If the circulation rate of the fluid is increased, sedimentation is
reduced, but the erosion
ELECTRONIC COOLING NANOFLUIDS.
Due to higher density of chips, design of electronic components with
more compact makes heat dissipation more difficult.
Nanofluids reduced both the thermal resistance and the temperature
difference between the heated microchannel wall and the coolant.
SPACE AND DEFENSE
Due to the restriction of space, energy, and weight in space station and
aircraft, there is a strong demand for high efficient cooling system with
smaller size. and. have reported order of magnitude increases in the
critical heat flux in pool boiling with nanofluids compared to the base fluid
alone.
Nanofluids with high critical heat fluxes have the potential to provide the
required cooling in such applications as well as in other military systems
Chemical engineering
Nanoparticles can be synthesized via different routes, such as
chemical reduction, oxidation, gas phase condensation, plasma
techniques, laser, etc. These methods lead to formation of different
types of particles in terms of their size, morphology and crystal
structure. If these particles are then to be suspended in a solvent, a
suitable stabilizer such as a surfactant or a polymer may be required .
TRANSP0RT SYSTEM NANOFLUIDS.
Nanofluids have great potentials to improve automotive and
heavy-duty engine cooling rates by increasing the efficiency,
lowering the weight and reducing the complexity of thermal
management systems
MEDICAL NANOFLUIDS
The process uses tiny, man-made carriers called
nanoparticles covered in a cloak that them look like
cells in your blood. with this cloak the particle can
evade attack and arrive at their intended destination
whether the destination is a site of bacterial
infection or a broken blood
Coated membrane recognize non-foreign particle
CONCLUSIONS
Studies of NanoFluids reveals high thermal conductivities and
heat transfer coefficient compared to those to convectional
fluids.
These characteristics feature of nanofluids make them suitable
for the next generation of flow and heat transfer fluids.
Nanofluids research has inspired physists,chemists and
engineers around the world
REFERENCES
S. Kakac¸ and A. Pramuanjaroenkij, “Review of convective heat
transfer enhancement with nanofluids,” International Journal of Heat
and Mass Transfer
Ali, M. H. (2013). Analysis Study of Solar Tower Power Plant & Its
Configuration Effects on Its Performance in Iraq (Baghdad City).
Modern Applied Science.
Alshamaileh, E. (2010). Testing of a new solar coating for solar water
heating applications. Solar Energy
Test Methods. www.uni.com
Das, S. K., Choi, S. U. S., Yu, W., & Pradeep, T. (2007). Nanofluid
Science and Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication
