Formation of LPP
1.Seema wishes to mix two type of food P and Q in such a way that the vitamin
contents of the mixture contain at least 8 units of vitamin A and 11 units of vitamin B.
Food P costs Rs.60/kg and food Q costs Rs.80/kg. Food P contains 3 units/kg of
vitamin A and 5 units/kg of vitamin B while food Q contains 4 units/kg of vitamin A
and 2 units/kg of vitamin B. Form the LPP to minimise cost.
Soln Let x and y be the kgs of food P and Q.
Food P Food Q Requirement (≥)
VitaminA 3 4 8
VitaminB 5 2 11
Cost 60 80
LPP is
Minimise Cost z = 60x + 80y subject to the constraints
3x + 4y ≥ 8 , 5x + 2y ≥ 11, x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0
Formation of LPP
2. A factory makes tennis rackets and criket bats. A tennis rackets takes 1.5 hours of
machine time and 3 hours of craftman's time in its making while a criket bat takes 3
hours of machine time and 1 hours of craftman's time. In a day the factory has the
availability of not more than 42 hours of machine time and 24 hours of craftman's time. If
the profit on a racket and on a bat is Rs.200 and Rs.100 respectively, form the LPP to
maximise profit.
Soln Let x & y be the no. of tennis racket and criket bat.
Racket Bat Availability (≤)
Machine time 1.5 3 42
Craftman time 3 1 24
Profit 200 100
LPP is
Maximise Profit z = 200x + 100y subject to
1.5x + 3y ≤ 42 , 3x + y ≤ 24, x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0
Solving LPP
Solve Maximise z = 200x + 100y subject to the constraints
1.5x + 3y ≤ 42 , 3x + y ≤ 24, x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0
Feasible region is the shaded region
Vertices are O,A,B and C
O=(0,0), A=(8,0) , B=(4,12) and C=(0,14)
At O , z = 200(0) + 100(0) = 0
At A , z = 200(8) + 100(0) = 1600
Maximum
C At B , z = 200(4) + 100(12) = 2000
B At C , z = 200(0) + 100(14) = 1400
Maximum z is 2000 at x=4 and y=12
O A
Solving LPP
Solve Minimise Cost z = 60x + 80y subject to the constraints
3x + 4y ≥ 8 , 5x + 2y ≥ 11, x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0
Feasible region is the shaded region
Vertices are A,B and C
A A=(0,5.5) , B=(2,0.5) and C=(8/3,0)
At A , z = 60(0) + 80(5.5) = 440
Minimum
At B , z = 60(2) + 80(0.5) = 160
Minimum
At C , z = 60(8/3) + 80(0) = 160
Minimum cost is 160 on the line segment BC
B
C
Solving LPP
Solve graphically: Maximize z = 7x + 5y, subject to the
constraints
2x + y ≤ 100, 4x + 3y ≤ 240, x,y ≥ 0.
Solving LPP
Solve graphically: Maximize z = 7x + 5y, subject to the
constraints
2x + y ≤ 100, 4x + 3y ≤ 240, x,y ≥ 0.
Solving LPP
Solve graphically: Minimize z = 2x + 3y, subject to
x + 2y ≤ 40, 3x + y ≥ 30, 4x + 3y ≥ 60, x,y ≥ 0.
Solving LPP
Solve graphically: Minimize z = 2x + 3y, subject to
x + 2y ≤ 40, 3x + y ≥ 30, 4x + 3y ≥ 60, x,y ≥ 0.
40
The shaded region is the feasible region
with vertices A(15,0), B(40,0), C(4,18) & D(6,12)
30
At A, z=2(15)+3(0)=30
At B, z=2(40)+3(0)=80
20 C(4,18) At C, z=2(4)+3(18)=62
At D, z=2(6)+3(12)=48
D(6,12)
10 Mini. z=30 at x=15 & y=0
B(40,0)
A(15,0)
10 20 30 40 50
Solving LPP
Draw the graph to show the solution set S of the inequalities
3x + y ≥ 9, 4x + 3y ≥ 17, x ≥0 , y ≥ 0.
For what value of x and y over S, is the linear function 3x + 5y is
minimum ?
Solving LPP
Draw the graph to show the solution set S of the inequalities
3x + y ≥ 9, 4x + 3y ≥ 17, x ≥0 , y ≥ 0.
For what value of x and y over S, is the linear function 3x + 5y is
minimum ?
Minimum linear function is 12.75 at x = 17/4 & y = 0
Solving LPP
Solve graphically: Minimize and Maximize z = x + 2y, subject to
the constraints
x + 2y ≥ 100, 2x – y ≤ 0, 2x + y ≤ 200, x,y ≥ 0.
B(0,200)
200 (100,200)
100 C(50,100)
A(0,50)
D(20,40)
-200 -100 100 200 300
At A , z=0+2(50)=100 -100 Thus Max. z=400 at x=0 & y=200
At B , z=0+2(200)=400
At C , z=50+2(100)=250 -200 & minimum z=100 on the line
At D , z=20+2(40)=100 segment AD
Solving LPP
Solve the LPP Minimize and Maximise z = 5x + 10y subject to
the constraints
x + 2y ≤ 120 , x + y ≥ 60, x – 2y ≥ 0, x ≥ 0 , y ≥ 0
Forming and Solving LPP
A firm manufactures two products X and Y, each requiring the
use of three machines M1 , M2 and M3. The time required for
each product in hours and the total time available in hours on
each machine are as follows :
Machine Product X Product Y Available
time(in hrs.)
M1 2 1 70
M2 1 1 40
M3 1 3 90
If the profit is Rs.40 per unit for product X and Rs.60 per unit for
product Y , how many units of each products should be
manufactured to maximize profit ?
LPP is Maximize z = 40x + 60y , subject to
2x+y ≤70, x+y ≤40, x+3y ≤90, x,y ≥0
Forming and Solving LPP
A diet for sick person must contain at least 4000 units of
vitamins , 50 units of minerals and 1400 units of calories. Two
foods, A and B, are available at a cost of Rs.4 and Rs.3 per unit,
respectively. If one unit of A contains 200 units of vitamins, 1
unit of minerals and 40 units of calories; one unit of food B
contains 100 un its of vitamins, 2 units of minerals and 40 units
of calories, find what combination of food should be used to have
least cost?
Forming and Solving LPP
A diet for sick person must contain at least 4000 units of vitamins , 50 units of minerals
and 1400 units of calories. Two foods, A and B, are available at a cost of Rs.4 and Rs.3 per
unit, respectively. If one unit of A contains 200 units of vitamins, 1 unit of minerals and
40 units of calories; one unit of food B contains 100 un its of vitamins, 2 units of minerals
and 40 units of calories, find what combination of food should be used to have least cost?
Soln Let x and y be the units of food A and B.
Food A Food B Requirement (≥)
Vitamins 200 100 4000
Minerals 1 2 50
Calories 40 40 1400
Cost 4 3
LPP is
Minimise Cost z = 4x + 3y subject to the constraints
200x+100y ≥4000 , x+2y ≥50, 40x+40y≥1400 , x,y ≥ 0
Solving LPP
Solve graphically Minimize z = x – 5y + 20, subject to
x + y ≥ 0, -x +2y ≥ 2, x ≥ 3, y ≤ 4, x,y ≥ 0.
Solve graphically Minimize z = x – 5y + 20, subject to
x + y ≥ 0, -x +2y ≥ 2, x ≥ 3, y ≤ 4, x,y ≥ 0.
A(3,4)
4
C(6,4)
B(3,5/2)
2
-6 -4 -2 2 4 6
-2
At A, z= 3-5(4)+20= 3 ← Minimum
At B, z= 3-5(5/2)+20= 10.5
-4
At C, z= 6-5(4)+20= 6
Minimum z=3 at x=3 & y=4
Forming and Solving LPP
Two godown A and B have the grain storage capacity of 100
quintals and 50 quintals respectively. They supply to 3 shops D ,E
and F whose requirements are 60, 50 and 40 quintals
respectively. The costs of transportation per quintal from the
godown to the shops are given in the following table :
Transportation cost per quintal
From A B
D 6 4
E 3 2
F 2.5 3
How should the supplies be transported in order that the
transportation cost is minimum ?
Forming and Solving LPP x+y≤100
Two godown A and B have the grain storage capacity of 100
quintals and 50 quintals respectively. They supply to 3 shops D ,E
and F whose requirements arex≤6060, 50
y ≤ and
50 40 quintals
x+y≥60
respectively. The costs of transportation per quintal from the
godown to the shops are givenTransportation
in the following table :
cost per quintal
From A B
D 6x 4(60-x)
E 3y 2(50-y)
F 2.5(100-x-y) 3(x+y-60)
How should the supplies be transported in order that the
transportation cost is minimum ?
Minimize cost
x+y≤100, x≤60, y≤50, x+y≥60, x , y≥ 0
z = 6x+3y+2.5(100-x-y)+4(60-x)+2(50-y)+3(x+y-60), subject to
