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1 Aircraft Structure Loads and Stresses

The document outlines the structure of aircraft and the major forces acting on it, including tension, compression, torsion, shear, and bending. It describes three main types of aircraft structures: truss, monocoque, and semi-monocoque, detailing their construction methods and characteristics. Each type has its advantages and drawbacks in terms of strength and resistance to deformation.

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156 views18 pages

1 Aircraft Structure Loads and Stresses

The document outlines the structure of aircraft and the major forces acting on it, including tension, compression, torsion, shear, and bending. It describes three main types of aircraft structures: truss, monocoque, and semi-monocoque, detailing their construction methods and characteristics. Each type has its advantages and drawbacks in terms of strength and resistance to deformation.

Uploaded by

chubby lolita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE

PART 1
Aircraft structure – the arrangement of parts of an aircraft,
which is designed to prevent deformation or destruction of
the aircraft due to various forces (loads), imposed upon it.
FOUR (4) FORCES OF FLIGHT:
Major Structural Stresses of the
Aircraft:
1. Tension - is the stress that resists a force that tends to
pull something apart.
2. Compression - is the stress that resists a crushing
force. Compression is the stress that tends to shorten or
squeeze aircraft parts.
3. Torsion - is the stress that produces twisting.
4. Shear - is the stress that resists the force tending to cause one layer
of a material to slide over an adjacent layer.
5. Bending - is a combination of compression and tension.
MAIN TYPES OF AIRCRAFT
STRUCTURE
1. TRUSS

2. MONOCOQUE

3. SEMI-MONOQUE
TRUSS TYPE
• The main drawback of truss structure is its lack of a streamlined
shape. In this construction method, lengths of tubing, called
longerons, are welded in place to form a well-braced framework.
Vertical and horizontal struts are welded to the longerons and give
the structure a square or rectangular shape when viewed from the
end. Additional struts are needed to resist stress that can come from
any direction. Stringers and bulkheads, or formers, are added to
shape the fuselage and support the covering.
MONOCOQUE TYPE
• Monocoque construction uses stressed skin to support almost all
loads much like an aluminum beverage can. Although very strong,
monocoque construction is not highly tolerant to deformation of the
surface. For example, an aluminum beverage can supports
considerable forces at the ends of the can, but if the side of the can is
deformed slightly while supporting a load, it collapses easily.
SEMI-MONOCOQUE TYPE
• Semimonocoque construction, partial or one-half, uses a substructure
to which the airplane’s skin is attached. The substructure, which
consists of bulkheads and/or formers of various sizes and stringers,
reinforces the stressed skin by taking some of the bending stress from
the fuselage.

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