GENERAL

HOSPITAL

NAME:LYDIA ADDO
INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE : 14TH DECEMEBER,2024

STUDI LECTURE
MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
TA. OWURAKU.
 INTRODUCTI
MEANING OF GENERAL HOSPITAL? A HISTROY OF A HOSPITAL
General hospital is a health care facility that [Link]
3]Surgical 4] pediatric ward The history of general hospitals dates back to
provide a wide range of medical services to 5 Maternity ward ancient times when healing center were established
in temples and military settings. In the medieval
treat various health conditions. It typically 6operation 7]recovery period ,hospitals were often linked to monasteries,
include emergency care, diagnostic service, rooms room combining care for the sick with spiritual guidance.
surgery , impatient care ,and outpatient care . 8]Intensive care unit[ICU].
A general hospital is equipped with multiple 9] Laboratories 10]Radiology d
departments such as internal medicine 11]Endoscopy room 12] OPD
,surgery, pediatrics and more, catering to the 13] Pharmacy 14 labor and
Fig 10,shows the older days general hospital
general medical needs of the community. delivery room 15 staff area
16]Waiting area 17] Cafeteria TARGET GROUP.[Student, outsiders,
Administration, lectures, non teaching staff,
18Administration and
children, nursing student, pharmacy student, and
management office PH
19Security and Entrance
area 20] Public restroom
Fig 1,shows the ridge hospital in Accra Fig 2,Sshows children ward of the Tema general 21] Ambulance bay and triage area Fig11,shows the student that Fig12,nursing student that Fig13,shows children
hospital
22]Mediation room will use the facility. will use the facility. that will use the facility.

23]Conference and meeting room AIM OF THE DESIGN.

24] Mortuary The of the design is to create an environment for
patients and others in the hospital to be heal and
25]Hygiene and sterilization room strong. The aim is to create a n environment to one
26]physical and occupational therapy can feel relief, heal and comfortable.
Fig 3 and 4 shows where patience are and also the 4 .one shows, Kole bu hospital.
room.

SPACES THAT CAN BE FOUND IN

GENERAL HOSPITAL ARE Fig 14, 15 shows the comfortable environment in a hospital
Fig 5, shows surgical ward
1]Emergency room[ER]/ Emergency
Fig6,shows security entrance area of hospital
PROBLEM STATED ABOUT THE CAMPUS
department. CLINIC
The school clinic has no enough spaces for student
who are sick. the clinic do not have enough bed.
2] Medical ward Fig7,shows the pharmacy area

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 INTRODUCTION PRECEDENT
DESIGN BRIEF. STUDIES
THE NAME OF THE BUILDING: THE
. 1
The design brief is to design General hospital in central MAYO CLINIC HOSPITAL IN
university campus. This design is going to benefit, people on
campus and outsiders. ROCHESTER,MINNESOTA.
Architect: Henry Hindman.
Fig [Link] the outdoor space of the Fig15,shows the indoor space of the
The construction of Mayo clinic began in hospital. hospital

1889 and was completed in 1928.

Location of the building: Is located in
Rochester, Minnesota, USA. It is one of
Largest and most renowned medical Fi16,shows the environment of the hospital Fig17,shows the surgical room of the

Fig24,shows general hospital with friendly environment.

centers in the world. clinic

Fig25,shows the general hospital

AIM OF THE PROJECT

Aim of the project is to create a health
environment to make patients, feel
comfortable. And also create a
botanical environment, where there Fig18,shows the entrance of the clinic

will be a lot of greenery and courtyard Fig15,shows hospital that has

botanical environment. Fig21,shows the elevations of the hospital

JUSTIFICATION OF THE DESIGN. Fig20,shows thee plan of the mayo clinic

The justification of the project is to design a general hospital in BUILDING MATERIALS BEEN USED
the university campus for student, administrators, children and FOR THE CONSTRUCTION Fig 19,shows the waiting area of the hospital.

outsiders. To create a greenery environment for patients in the

The mayo clinic hospital uses a variety of
hospital, for patient to release stress and feel health.
materials in its buildings, including concrete
,metal ,and glass., concrete finishes ,metal Fig22,shows the labor ward of the
panels, and perforated metal panel [Link] mayo clinic.

also has curtain wall system

Fig23,shows the reception area of

the hospital.
Fig16, and 17 shows the justification of the general hospital. Fig, shows the circulation system of the clinic hospital.

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 ACCOMODATION SCHEDULE . USER ANAYSIS
ACCOMOCATION SCHEDULE
USERS GROUP NEED AND SPACES
EXPECTATION
SPACES NUMBER SIZE[m] AREA[m2] Student[pharmarcy Clinical training Opp
,nursing and other.] unities Access to Laborites, wards
medical resources ,labor wards, and
ENTRANCE LOBBY 2 7 X6 42 and patient care areas other spaces
mentorship and
learning from
experience doctors
WAITING AREA 6 7 X7 49 /nurses.
Outsider will
Outsiders, come to use Children wards,
children, and the facilities OPD and etc.
WASHROOMS 5X4 20 others.
8 when there are
not well.

Administrative
ADMINISTRATION 9 4 X5 20 stuff Offices
OFFICES Doctors, surgeons,
directors and other
stuff.
14 10 X10 100
WARDS

PACKING AREA 2 10 X 5 50

Fig13,shows nursing student in hospital Fig15,shows visitors in the hospital.

SURGICAL AREA 2 8X8 64

STORAGE 6 3 X4 12
AREA

Fig16,shows a child in a hospital. Fig17,shows cafeteria in a hospital.

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 TECHNICAL STUDIES SPECIAL STUDIES.
LABORITIES AREA. SURGICAL AREA.
Hospital laboratories are designed to be Surgical wards in general hospitals are
accessible to patients and to ensure the designed to ensure the smooth
safety of the staff and patients operation of the healthcare unit and to
provide efficient care for patients:
There should be Fire extinguishers and
Space
fire-resistant materials should be
Wards should be designed to allow
used. Eye wash stations and showers
medical staff to move around, transport
Fig8,shows the various activity of human. Fig.9 shows anthropometric of people in a wheel chair. should be strategically placed to protect
equipment, and access patients quickly
against chemical exposures
There should be a place for bed
placement , storage ,handwashing station,
emergency care. .

Fig 10, shows a laborites.

Fig11,shows surgical ward.

FIG10,SHOWS VARIOUS ANTROPOMETRIC ROOFING SYSTEMS

The roofing system used in a DRAINAGE SYSTEMS IN A
hospital must meet specific
requirements such as durability HOSPITAL
,safety ,energy efficiency, ease of Hospital produces several types of
maintenance ,and the ability to wastewater, Domestic wastewater,
withstand extreme weather surgical and laboratory wastewater.
condition. Most hospitals used flat Infectious wastewater. Stormwater
roof system, pitched roof system, drainage, ventilation of the drainage
Fig [Link] various anthropometric of human. roof garden system. system.

Fig14,show where waste Fig15,shows where waste

Fig12,shows flat roof of a general fig13,. Shows pitched roof in things are been kept. things are kept.
hospital. hospital.

Fig16,shows ventilation of the Fig17,shows where drainage is.

drainage system

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 PRESCEDENT STUDY. II
NAME OF BUILDING: Kings College FEATURES OF THE KINGS COLLEGE HOSPITAL
hospital, London ,UK. 1]MODERN FACILITIES: The hospital has been
renovated with state-of-the-art medical
ARCHITECT : Sir William Tite, Gensler ,burro technology and equipment to provide high-
quality care.
Happold. F

LOCATION: London, UK. i

g
3
CONSTRUCTION: It was founded in 2] EMERGENCY SERVICES: The Accident and 4
,
emergency department is well-equipped to
1840 and completed at 1842. Fig25,shows the kings college hospital l,London,uk

handle urgent medical situation ,provide s

h
immediate care those in need. o

ARCHITECTURE DRAWINGS ON THE KINGS COLLEGE HOSPITAL w

s Fig35,shows the emergency service.

,LONDON,UK 3]OUTDOOR SPACE: there are gardens

t
h
e
and courtyards that provide peaceful
m
areas for patients and visitors to relax o
d
and enjoy nature. e
r
n Fig ,shows the outdoor spaces in the hospital.

FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THE BUILDING

f
a
c
i
l
The image shows the structure of the
i
building, the building has steel in the
t
i
Fig32,shows the 3d of the kings college hospital
design to support and frameworks,
e
s
The hospital has outdoor space. Including courtyard ensuring stability and safety.
i
Fig35,shows the steel work on the hospital
and garden. These areas are design to provide patient n

visitors and staff with peaceful environment to relax h

FIG 25, talks about the floor plan of the hospital o
and enjoy nature. s
p
i
t
a
This shows the theater and the kings college hospital used local
l
.
radiology room for patient to relax
after their their operation materials like bricks, glass as their
construction.

Fig33,shows the courtyard in kings college Fig34,shows the operating room

hospital.

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 PHILOSOPHY CONCEPT.
TROPICAL MODERNISM
ARCHITECTURE CONCEPT :THE BOTANICAL ENVIRONMENT.
The botanical environment as a design concept refers to the integration of natural
Tropical modernism is the style of architecture that emulates the minimalist element ,particularly plants and greenery. This approach emphasizes creating spaces that
aesthetic of modern architecture while responding to the climate and connect people with nature ,enhancing both aesthetic and [Link] emphasis this
environmental conditions of the tropic design in a general hospital, spaces can become more inviting, promote health and well-
being , and a create a serene atmosphere that benefit both users and the surrounding.

Fig,24,shows the tropical modernism architecture.

KEY FEATURES OF TROPICAL MODERNISM ARCHITECTURE.

1]Ventilation and natural cooling: It emphasizing Fig26,27,28 shows the botanical environment in a hospital.
the use of cross –ventilation and passive cooling
techniques, such as open floor plans, high FEATURES OF BOTANICAL ENVIROMENT IN A GENERAL HOSPITAL.
ceiling, large windows, and strategically placed 1]INDOOR GARDENS: Incorporating indoor gardens or
Fig25,shows the ventilation and cooling in a building
vent. green walls can create a soothing atmosphere. These
spaces can provide a sense of tranquility and promote Fig 28,shows indoor space in a hosiptal.
2]Use of local materials: Architect often healing.
incorporate locally sourced materials ,like wood,
concrete, and natural stone, reflecting the 2]NATURAL LIGHT: Large windows and skylights that
regional culture and the available resource . allows for abundant natural light can improve mood and
Fig26,shows the use of local materials been
use. reduce feelings of anxiety for patients and staff.
3]Indoor –outdoor connection: The seamless
Fig29,shows natural lighting in a building.
integration of the indoor and outdoor spaces is 3] USE OF NATURAL MATERIALS: Incorporating materials
a hallmark. Open Terrance courtyards, and like wood, stone, and other natural element in the design
shaded verandas create a fluid relationship the Can create a warm and inviting environment.
internal and the external environments.
fig27,shows the indoor-and outdoor connection
4] CALMING COLOR PALETTES: Using color inspired by Fig30,shows the natural materials been
4]Shading and sun protection: To protect against nature ,such as greens and earth tones, can create a used in a general hospital
the harsh tropical sun, the design frequently calming environment that promote relaxation. By all
incorporate overhang ,louvers,and deep eave, these features , a general hospital can create a botanical
which shading area from direct sunlight whiles environment that support healing ,reducing stress,
allowing for ample daylight and ventilation patient.

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 SITE
SITE LOCATION: The site is located at the clinic area on campus.
ANALYSIS SITE PERIPHERAL
1 Blocks
LEGEND 2 Security post
3 hostels ,caferteria.
SITE
Fig27,shows the blocks and the hostel.

WIND DIRECTION
SOIL TYPE: The soil type in central university
Miasto campus is sandy soil and clayed soil. This
type is known for its fine texture and ability to
SUN PATH.
retain moisture ,which can lead to good fertility Fig27,shows the sandy soil.
but may also result In poor drainage if compact.
NORTH

TOPOGRAPHY: The topography of central

university is generally characterized by a mix
of generally rolling hills and flat area. This
type of landscape can provide a variety of Fig28,shows the flat land in cu
microenvironments. The flat area are often
Fig24,show the site analysis
Fig shows the layout used for building ,walkways, and open
,making them practical for campus activities
SITE INVENTORY. and gathering

s
Fig 29,shows the rolling hills
The site is strategic location, the site offering Items located on the site
easy access for student, staff, administrators, are
children and outsiders. As the TEMPERATURE: the temperature of central

w
following university is very hot and dry.
Has no pathways 1]Trees
2]grass.
MATERIAL USEAGE

o
due to the climate in central
The site is easily accessible, and use will university, the general hospital
easily identify. will be design to fit the
weather condition there .they

T Closer to the blocks and the

entry's
Fig25,shows the tress. Fig26,shows the grass will use glass, wood, blocks
and other building materials. Fig30 , shows local materials and glass used in a general hospital.

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 DODOWA HOSPITAL CASE STUDIES.
Dodowa hospital is a public The courtyard Infront of
healthcare facility located in Dodowa, the of the hospital
serve as an aesthesia
The hospital serve as a district also make patients feel
hospital ,providing a range of medical healthy and
[Link] also
services, including emergency care, Fig35,shows the entry's of the hospital.

Fig40 shows the courtyard in the hospital. provide refresh air.

maternal and child health service Fig41,shows the courtyard at the parking
area.

,OPD,Surgery,and general medical BUILDING MATERIALS BEEN USED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION
treatment. 1GLASS: The used of glass in the hospital was used
for window, some part of the façade. The glass helps with
Dodowa hospital has 14 beds in male natural light , making space feel more open and welcome,
as well as contributing to energy efficiency
surgical ward, female surgical ward14 Fig42,show the glass been used at the waiting
Pediatric ward has 16beds,male area.

medical. The hospital has 6 wards.

Fig36,shows the female. 2 STEEL: The use of steel was used at the entrance
,there were some truss at the entrance .steel is strong
With 52 beds and one operating and provides stability to high-rise or large building.
room. Fig43,show the steel design at the entrance .

Wheelchair ramps are primarily used in

hospitals to help people who use wheelchair to
easily move in and out of the hospital. The ramp
1
Fig37, shows the waiting area of the can also be used for transferring patients in
the general.

2
portable bed when a patient cannot walk or sit Fig44,shows the ramps in the hospital.

The maternity, obstetrics, and gynecology

Fig38,shows the parking area.
department at Dodowa District Hospital in
Fig36,shows the layout of the Dodowa hospital. Ghana has 32 beds for delivery and two
wards. The hospital has a total of 138 beds. Fig45,shows the labor ward in Dodoma hospital.

The main The hospital has

entrance of pedestrian walkway
the general Infront of the
hospital hospital.
Fig 39,shows the entrance of
,Dodowa. Fig40,shows the pedestrian
the hospital walkway in the hospital

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024
 INTRODUCTI
ON.

STUDIO LECTURES NAME: LYDIA ADDO

MR. MICHEAL F. AGYMANG
MR. SARBENG
GENERA HOSPITA INDEX NUMBER: ARC/22/01/0242
DATE: 14TH, DECEMEMBER,2024