HUMAN
RIGHTS IN
INDIAN
CONSTITUTIO
N
FUNDAMENTAL
RIGHTS
BILL OF RIGHTS
The Motilal Nehru committee had demanded a bill of
rights as far back as in 1928.
A list of rights mentioned and protected by the
Constitution is known as BILL OF RIGHTS.
Fundamental Rights are so important that the
Constitution has separately listed them and made
special provisions for their protection.
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS IN
CONSTITUTION
The Constitution listed the rights that would be
specially protected and called them fundamental
rights.
These are essential rights that are offered to every citizen
irrespective of caste, race, creed, place of birth, religion
or gender. These are equal to freedoms and these rights
are essential for personal good and the society at large.
They are different from ordinary law because they are the
basic structure of the constitution and can not be changed
easily.
The Fundamental Rights are so important that the Constitution
itself ensures that they are not violated by the government
ARTICLE PART III
13
RIGHT TO EQUALITY
ARTICLE 14-18
Equality Before LAW- ARTICLE 14
Prohibition of Discrimination-
ARTICLE 15
Equality of Opportunity- ARTICLE
16
Abolition of Untouchability-
ARTICLE 17
Abolition of Tittles- ARTICLE 18
RIGHT TO FREEDOM ARTICLE 19-22
RIGHT TO FREEDOM
ARTICLE 19
RIGHT TO
FREEDOM
RIGHT TO LIFE AND PERSONAL LIBERTY
No citizen can be denied his or her life except by the
procedure
laid by the law
no one can be arrested without being told the
grounds for arrest and
if arrested has the right to defend by lawyer of his
choice
it is mandatory for the police to take arrested person
to the magistrate within 24 hours .
This right include right to live with human dignity ,free
from exploitation.
court says right to shelter and livelihood is also
included in right to life.
RIGHT TO
FREEDOM
Right to Education
Protection against arrest and detention
What are the 4 rights of the accused?
To ensure fair trial the constitution provides three rights
to the accused,
No person would be punished for the same offence
more than once
No law shall declare any action as illegal from a
backdate
No person shall be asked to give evidence against
himself or herself
PREVENTIVE
DETENTION
Sometimes a person can be arrested on the
basis of apprehension, that he or she is
likely to engage in unlawful activities.
The imprisonment of a person with the aim of
preventing them from committing any offences
or of maintaining public order.
It serves as an Effective tool to deal with
anti-social elements.
RIGHT AGAINST
EXPLOITATION
FORMS OF
EXPLOITATION
Child Labour: The constitution forbids
employment of children below 14 years in the
dangerous places like factories, mines etc.
Begar\Forced or Bonded labour: Work without payment
Human Trafficking: buying & selling of humans
RIGHT TO FREEDOM OF
RELIGION ARTICLE 25-28
There is equality of religion and country does not
have any official religion
Everyone enjoys the right to follow religion of his
or her choice.
freedom to practice ,propagate and profess any
religion.
the government can impose restrictions on this
right to protect public order morality and health it is
not an unlimited right.
the government can interfere in the religious
matters for rooting out certain evils as Sati etc.
the Constitution does not allow any forced
conversions.
CULTURAL AND
EDUCATIONAL RIGHTS
ARTICLE 29-30
Protection against interest of minorities article. 29(1)
Freedom to get admission in educational institutions. 29(2)
Right to minorities to establish educational institutions. 30(1)
No discrimination while giving grants. 30(2)
RIGHT TO CONSTITUTIONAL
REMEDIES ARTICLE
-32
•Dr. Ambedkar considered the right to constitutional
remedies as ‘heart and soul of the constitution‘.
Why?
•Because this right gives a citizen the right to
approach a High Court or the Supreme Court to
get any of the fundamental rights restored in case
of their violation.
•The Supreme Court and the High Courts can issue
orders and give directives to the government for
the enforcement of rights.
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