NAME: SWATI KUMARI
DEPARTMENT: MECHANICAL
YEAR: 3RD
SEMESTER: 6TH
ROLL NO: 35000721049
SUBJECT: REFRIGERATION AND AIR
CONDITIONING
SUBJECT CODE: PE-ME602B
EXAMINATION: CA1
COLLEGE: RAMKRISHNA MAHATO
GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Concept of refrigeration and air conditioning
Refrigeration and air conditioning is used to cool products or a
building environment.
If the main purpose of the machine is to cool some object, the
machine is named as
refrigerator.
If the main purpose of machine is to heat a medium warmer than
the surroundings, the machine is termed as heat pump.
Refrigerating Effect (N): It is defined as the quantity of heat
extracted from a cold body or space to be cooled in a given time.
Capacity of a Refrigeration Unit : Capacity of a refrigerating
machines are expressed by Their cooling capacity. The standard
unit used for expressing the capacity of refrigerating machine is
ton of refrigeration.
One ton of refrigeration is defined as, “the quantity of heat
abstracted (refrigerating effect) to freeze one ton of water into one
ton of ice in a duration of 24 hours at 0o c”.
Co efficient of Performance: It is defined as the ratio of heat
extracted in a given time (refrigerating effect) to the work input.
Types Of Refrigeration
Vapour Compression Refrigeration: The process of
Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle consists of
four main components, namely compressor,
condenser, expansion valve or throttle valve, and
evaporator. This cycle works through compression
and is designed to increase the pressure of the
refrigerant while it travels from the evaporator.
Vapour Absorption Refrigeration: A Vapour
Absorption Refrigeration System (VARS) is a
refrigeration method where refrigerant vapours,
following evaporation, are absorbed into an
absorber solution. The basic VARS setup
comprises key components: Absorber, Pump,
Generator, Pressure relief valve, Condenser,
Expansion device, and Evaporator.
Magnetic Refrigeration: Magnetic refrigeration is a
system for reducing the entropy of a
paramagnetic or even ferromagnetic material
based on the physical property of certain
magnetic materials, which see their intrinsic
temperature rise when they are subjected to a
Industrial Refrigeration: It s defined as a closed environment
that has a temperature lower than its outside temperature.
This temperature difference is significant and large and is
designed to protect the contents inside the refrigerator or
prevent it from spoiling and keep them in the desired
environmental conditions.
Air Conditioning System
Air conditioning can be defined as the treatment of indoor air in
order to control certain conditions required for human comfort.
The desirable conditions may be temperature, humidity, dust
particle level, odor level, and air motion.
Types Of Air Conditioning System
Window Air-conditioning System: Window AC units are a small
type of air conditioner that can be placed in the frame of a
window. The unit works by drawing hot air out of a room and
blowing cold air in. The part of the unit that releases hot air
sits outside your home, while the fan is on the inside.
Split Air-Conditioning System: The split air conditioner
comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor unit.
The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses
components like the compressor, condenser and expansion
valve. The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling
Central Air Conditioning Systems: Central air
conditioner unit is an energy moving or converted
machines that are designed to cool or heat the entire
house. It does not create heat or cool. It just removes
heat from one area, where it is undesirable, to an area
where it is less significant.
Central air conditions has a centralize duct system. The
duct system (air distribution system) has an air handler,
air supply system, air return duct and the grilles and
register that circulates warm air from a furnace or cooled
air from central air conditioning units to our room. It
returns that air back to the system and starts again.
It uses Ac refrigerant (we may know it as Freon) as a
substance to absorb the heat from indoor evaporator
coils and rejects that heat to outdoor condenser coils or
vice verse.
Packaged Air Conditioning System: Packaged air
conditioners (also known as self-contained units) are
central systems that integrate into a single housing all
the components of a split central system, and deliver
air, possibly through ducts, to the spaces to be cooled.
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