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Basic SQL Queries

SQL (Structured Query Language) is essential for interacting with relational databases, allowing for efficient data management including storage, retrieval, updating, and deletion. Key commands include SELECT for data retrieval, WHERE for filtering records, and ORDER BY for sorting results, all following a specific execution flow. Best practices emphasize retrieving only necessary columns, filtering records for performance, and understanding the execution order to enhance SQL efficiency.

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22 views10 pages

Basic SQL Queries

SQL (Structured Query Language) is essential for interacting with relational databases, allowing for efficient data management including storage, retrieval, updating, and deletion. Key commands include SELECT for data retrieval, WHERE for filtering records, and ORDER BY for sorting results, all following a specific execution flow. Best practices emphasize retrieving only necessary columns, filtering records for performance, and understanding the execution order to enhance SQL efficiency.

Uploaded by

shravya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic SQL Queries

Definitions, Rules, Examples, and


Execution Flow
What is SQL?
• SQL (Structured Query Language) is used to
interact with relational databases.
• It helps in storing, retrieving, updating, and
deleting data efficiently.
• Used in industries like banking, e-commerce,
and data analysis.
• Supported by databases like MySQL,
PostgreSQL, SQL Server, and Oracle.
Data Retrieval in SQL
• SQL provides commands to retrieve and filter
data:

• SELECT → Fetches specific or all columns from


a table.
• WHERE → Filters rows based on conditions.
• ORDER BY → Sorts results in ascending or
descending order.
SELECT Statement
• Rules:
• - Retrieves data from a table.
• - Can select all columns (*) or specific
columns.

• Syntax:
• SELECT column_name FROM table_name;

• Execution Order: FROM → SELECT → ORDER


WHERE Clause
• Rules:
• - Filters records based on conditions.
• - Can use operators like =, >, <, LIKE, etc.

• Syntax:
• SELECT * FROM table WHERE condition;

• Execution Order: FROM → WHERE → SELECT


→ ORDER BY
ORDER BY Clause
• Rules:
• - Sorts results in ascending (ASC) or
descending (DESC) order.
• - Can sort by multiple columns.

• Syntax:
• SELECT * FROM table ORDER BY column DESC;

• Execution Order: FROM → WHERE → SELECT


SQL Query Execution Flow
• 1. FROM - Identify the source table.
• 2. WHERE - Filter rows based on conditions.
• 3. SELECT - Choose specific columns.
• 4. ORDER BY - Sort results as needed.

• Execution follows this order, NOT the written


order in SQL!
Best Practices
• - Use SELECT to retrieve only necessary
columns for efficiency.
• - Use WHERE to filter records and improve
query performance.
• - Use ORDER BY cautiously as sorting large
data sets can be slow.
• - Always use proper indentation and
formatting for readability.
• - Understand SQL execution order: FROM →
WHERE → SELECT → ORDER BY.
Summary
• - SQL is a powerful tool for managing and
retrieving data.
• - SELECT retrieves data from tables.
• - WHERE filters records based on conditions.
• - ORDER BY sorts results in a specified order.
• - Understanding query execution flow
improves SQL efficiency.
Thank You!
• Questions?
• Feel free to practice SQL queries for better
understanding!

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