REVIEW QUESTIONS
IN
SWINE PRODUCTION
1. Pigs belong to the family Suidae characterized by
being/having
a. Omnivorous c. Cloven hooves
b. Long mobile snout d. Mammary glands
2. One of the four known native species of pigs endemic in
the Philippines found the Visayan region
a. Sus philippensis
b. Sus cebifrons
c. Sus oliveri
d. Sus ahoenobarbus
Philippine Warty Pig , Sus philippensis
Sus philippensis, is one of four known pig species
endemic to the Philippines. The other three endemic
species are the
Visayan Warty Pig (S. cebifrons),
Mindoro Warty Pig (S. oliveri) and the
Palawan Bearded Pig (S. ahoenobarbus), also being
rare members of the Suidae family.
Philippine Warty Pigs have two pairs of warts, with a
tuft of hair extending outwards from the warts
closest to the jaw.
3. The starting pig inventory in the Philippines in 2009
was 13.5 million. In the same year 9.5 million hogs were
slaughtered. What is the extraction rate?
a.142% b. 70%
c. 27% d. 4%
4. Pig farm that produces and supplies gilts and boars to
other farms
a. Breeder farm b. Multiplication farm
c. Fattening farm d. Combination
5. Characterized by being hardy, with excellent growth rate
and feed efficiency ideal for the development of male pig
lines
[Link] White
b. Landrace
c. Duroc
d. Hampshire
6. Known as the breed of pig with the longest body, white
and with drooping ears
a. Large White c. Duroc
b. Landrace d. Hampshire
7. The economic trait in pigs that can be associated to
feed efficiency
a. Litter size c. Back fat thickness
b. Growth rate d. Birth weight
8. Cooked pork contains about 23% protein. To satisfy 50%
of the 35g daily protein allowance a person should consume
how much cooked pork?
a. 55 g c. 76 g
b. 64 g d. 98 g
9. Growth does not only involve increase in size and
weight but also changes in the organs. The first to reach
full development in the pigs body is
a. Adipose c. Skeleton
b. Muscles d. Reproductive System
10. Medium size pig developed in England having black
coat with six white points: the feet, snout and switch
a. Hampshire c. Tamworth
b. Berkshire d. Duroc
11. A 96 kg market hog yielded 71 kg carcass producing
a dressing percentage of
a. 68% c. 74%
b. 72% d. 76%
12. A sow bred 25 March can be expected to farrow on
a. 10 July c. 21 July
b. 17 July d. 28 July
13. Segregated early weaning of piglets allows the
advantage of
a. Increased reproductive rate of sows
b. Reduced risk of piglet infection and mortality
c. Lower feed cost
d. Faster growth rate
14. Appropriately known as the “muscle pig” due to its
outstanding muscle development in the ham, loin and
shoulder, and very thin back fat
a. Duroc c. Pietrain
b. Hampshire d. Tamworth
15. Mothering ability of a sow is measured by the number of
a. Piglets born alive per sow per year
b. Piglets weaned per sow per year
c. Piglets reared per sow per year
d. Fatteners sold per sow per year
16. Pigs with a tendency to have thick carcass fat tend to
a. Have high feed conversion ratio
b. Reach market weight fast
c. Resist heat stress effectively
d. Have high lean percentage
17. Reproductive longevity starts from first mating to last
weaning. Gilts expected to have good reproductive longevity
must possess
a. At least 14 functional teats
b. Long, wedge-shaped body
c. Strong legs and arched back
d. Well developed ham and shoulder
18. The physical attributes of a gilt that can describe its
potential for mothering ability
a. Legs and back
b. Mammary system and body length
c. Development of ham, loin and shoulder
d. Shape and size of vulva
19. When selecting for ideal pig breeders with potential
for carcass yield emphasis must be given on
a. Strong legs and back
b. Mammary system and body length
c. Development of ham, loin and shoulder
d. Shape and size of vulva
20. Tandem method of selection takes advantage of
positively correlated traits like
a. Growth rate and feed efficiency
b. Feed efficiency and carcass quality
c. Carcass quality and fertility
d. Fertility and growth rate
21. Method of mating that maximizes the use of a
genetically superior sire
a. Natural mating
b. Artificial insemination
c. Embryo transfer
d. Cloning
22. In the process of up grading heterosis is expected to be
highest in
a. F1 50:50 c. F3 87.5:12.5
b. F2 75:25 d. All equal
23. In the three-way cross where P1 AxB, P2 CxAB,
what is the expected genetic constitution of the tri-hybrid
progeny relative to breeds A-B-C?
a. [Link] c. [Link]
b. [Link] d. None
24. A boar is assumed to have reached puberty when
a. 6 months and weighing 80-90 kg
b. Manifest mounting behavior
c. Able to produce semen with viable sperm cells
d. Grunts and become restless when there is a female
in heat
25. The minimum required sperm count per inseminate
is 3 billion. A 300 ml ejaculate with a concentration of
200 million sperm cells per ml can produce how many
inseminates?
a. 15 doses c. 20 doses
b. 18 doses d. 23 doses
26. Shelf life of a processed boar semen for artificial
insemination can be prolonged by storing at
a. 2-8 c. 16-17
b. 10-14 d. 20
27. At a boar to sow ratio of 1:25 and additional reserve
boar per 30 sows, the number of boars required in a 250
sow level farm is
a. 12 c. 16
b. 14 d. 18
28. In the process of heat detection the best sign to serve
the sow is when
a. The vulva is markedly swollen and reddish
b. Mucus discharge is clear
c. Sow assumes the mating stance
d. Sow manifest anorexia
29. Sow ovulates approximately 40 hours after the onset of
estrus. Optimum conception is achieved if insemination is
performed 12 hours before ovulation or
a. 14 hours after onset of estrus
b. 22 hours after onset of estrus
c. 28 hours after onset of estrus
d. 32 hours after onset of estrus
30. A sow was served by artificial insemination. At what stage can it
be assumed pregnant
a. Missed heat period after 3 weeks
b. Absence of estrus after 2nd heat control or day 42 after
mating
c. Markedly gained weight
d. Mammary system enlarge and milk is secreted
31. A condition caused by persistent corpus luteum
resulting to manifestation of false pregnancy is due to
hormone
a. Estrogen
b. Progesterone
c. FSH
d. LH
32. The use of teaser boar in pig farms can limit the
problems of
a. Silent heaters c. Nymphomaniacs
b. Pseudo-pregnancy d. Anestrus
33. Reduced litter size caused by extremely high
ambient temperature during the first 35 days of gestation
is due to
a. Infertility c. Mummification
b. Early embryonic death d. Stillborn
34. A sow on its first parity gave birth to only 6 piglets. The best
decision to undertake is
a. Cull the sow for having poor reproductive
performance
b. Retain the sow up to 3rd parity
c. Review performance of the AI technician
d. Try new method of mating the sow
35. Non-spiral type of catheter for AI in swine is ideal to
use on
a. Gilts or first parity sows
b. Mature sows
c. Sows irrespective of parity
d. Very old sows
36. Reproductive traits like litter size and fertility have low
heritability but responds well to crossbreeding due to
a. Heterosis c. Depression
b. Hybrid vigor d. none
37. Early introduction of solid diet to suckling piglets is
primarily intended to
a. Augment feed intake of piglets
b. Allow early weaning to increase reproductive rate of
the sow
c. Ensure heavy piglets at weaning
d. Prevent lost of body condition of the sow
38. In case pre-weaning piglets suffer scouring, the
immediate course of action must be
a. Withdraw solid feed given to piglets
b. Withdraw feed of the sow
c. Administer antibiotics to the piglets
d. Administer antibiotics to the sow
39. During the rearing stage piglets are given starter diet.
After rearing at 15-20 kg body weight growing pig diet is
a. Pre-starter
b. Starter
c. Grower
d. Finisher
40. Type of feeding scheme that aims to achieve maximum
growth rate thereby allowing more pigs slaughtered per
year
a. Restricted c. Combination
b. Ad libitum d. All
41. Excessive feeding immediately after mating
predisposes a sow to suffer
a. Obesity
b. Repeat breeding
c. Low litter size
d. Early embryonic losses
42. A sow farrowed a litter of 12 piglets. How much feed
must be offered to the sow on the first day of lactation
a. 0 kg c. 4 kg
b. 1 kg d. 5.6 kg
43. Normally, a lactating sow is given 2 kg for
maintenance plus 0.3 kg per piglet and + 0.5 kg based on
body condition. Late in lactation a sow was in poor
condition for raising 13 piglets. To recover, the ration of
the sow must be
a. 2.8 kg/day c. 6.4 kg/day
b. 5.9 kg/day d. 8.0 kg/day
44. Pigs with body weight less than 50 kg require ration
amounting to 5% of their body weight. How much feed in a
week is required to feed 15 fatteners weighing an average
of 32 kg
a. 1.68 kg c. 168 kg
b. 16.8 kg d. 1680 kg
45. Most commonly used method of identification in
swine production
a. Ear notch c. Ear tattoo
b. Ear tag d. Ear tag
46. Cannibalism in the form of tail biting in growing pigs can
be reduced by
a. Teeth clipping c. Reducing light intensity
b. Ad lib feeding d. Tail docking
47. Newborn piglets are totally dependent to sow
colostrums for immunity against diseases. This type of
immunity is referred to as
[Link] active c. Natural passive
b. Artificial active d. Artificial passive
48. To protect from parvo viral infection gilts are introduced
to previously infected mature sows. Immunity obtained by
this method is
a. Natural active [Link] passive
b. Artificial active d. Artificial passive
49. A sow failed to give birth on the expected date and
appears to give no sign of impending parturition. The
immediate action to take
a. Check breeding record for possible error on
date of breeding
b. Check sow for pseudo pregnancy
c. Administer exogenous hormone to induce
parturition
d. Prepare for caesarian operation of the sow
50. A sow apparently is having difficulty in farrowing. The
appropriate assistance to the sow to undertake is
a. Administer oxytocin to enhance contraction
of the uterus
b. Check for obstruction in the birth canal
c. Leave the sow alone
d. Allow the sow to stand
51. Upon expulsion of a piglet during farrowing, the first action
to take is
a. Remove mucus clogging the nose and mouth
b. Wipe dry the mucus covering the body
c. Cut the needle teeth
d. Allow the piglet to suckle colostrum
52. The ability of a newborn piglet to absorb immune
globulins from colostrums is limited within
a. 12 hours after birth
b. 24 hours after birth
c. 36 hours after birth
d. 48 hours after birth
53. Piglets are born with limited iron reserve, as such,
they must be administered iron supplement by
intramuscular injection at the rate
a. 25 mg / hd c. 100 mg / hd
b. 50 mg / hd d. 200 mg / hd
54. When pigs are castrated prior to puberty they are
referred to as
a. Castrate c. Stag
b. Barrow d. Boar
55. Newborn piglets are prone to hypothermia. This
condition can be prevented by
a. Providing litter material
b. Installing heater at the creep area
c. Using elevated farrowing stall
d. Early introduction of creep feed
56. A sow experiencing dystocia manifesting weak
contractions can be due to
a. Insufficient secretion of hormone oxytocin
b. Narrow birth canal
c. Uterine abnormalities
d. Sow is too fat
57. A sow farrowed a large litter. Which among the
decisions is the best option
a. Foster the smallest to eliminate the weakest in
the litter
b. Foster the largest for it has a higher chance of
competing and survival
c. Foster piglets randomly to give equal chances
to all the piglets in the litter
d. Consider not fostering and let nature allow
survival of the fittest
58. Transfer of endo-parasite from sow to piglets can
be prevented by administering broad spectrum
anthelmintic to the sow
a. 2 weeks before mating
b. 10 days before expected date of
farrowing
c. On the day of farrowing before allowing
the piglets to nurse from the sow
d. At weaning time before the piglets are
separated from the sow
59. Watery, yellowish diarrhea with foul smelling odor, resulting
to weakness and dehydration are symptoms of diarrhea
associated to
a. Over milk consumption c. Viral scouring
b. Bacterial scouring d. Parasitism
60. The most effective way of preventing respiratory
diseases in intensive pig keeping
a. Vaccination against pneumonia
b. Regularly disinfect housing
c. Provide adequate ventilation
d. Implement strict biosecurity
61. High ambient temperature above 32 can lead to
depressed thyroid activity resulting to
a. Anestrus
b. Loss of appetite
c. Heat stroke
d. Reduced growth rate
62. Primary consideration of housing design directly affecting welfare and
performance of pigs in commercial pig keeping
a. Protection against theft, predators and adverse weather
conditions
b. Facilitate better management such movement of animals
c. Creating a specific microclimate according to class of pig
d. Cost of materials to use
63. Finishing hogs require 1 m2 per head. To house
12 hogs in a pen 4 m deep, what is the minimum
width of the pen
a. 2.5 m c. 3.0 m
b. 3.5 m d. 4.0 m
64. The estimate for the required number of farrowing
stalls in a farm is 25% of the sow inventory. How many
farrowing stalls are required for a 500 sow level farm?
a. 75 c. 100
b. 125 d. 150
65. At 30% efficiency of feed conversion to live weight, a
batch of finishing hogs consumes 2.5 kg of feed per
head per day. The ADG of the batch of hogs can be
estimated at
a. 650 g per day c. 700 g per day
b. 750 g per day d. 800 g per day
66. As an effective method of pig waste disposal, biogas
production utilizes the process of
a. Aerobic fermentation
b. Combination
c. Anaerobic fermentation
d. None
67. Ration of gestating sows during the first trimester is
restricted primarily to avoid
a. Obesity leading to difficulty in farrowing
b. Unnecessary additional expense in feeding
c. Reproductive disorder
d. Early embryonic death resulting to low litter size
or repeat mating
68. Feed offered to sows in the last trimester must be
increased primarily to supply the needed nutrients for
a. Lactation
b. Piglet survival
c. Growth and development of fetuses
d. Heavy piglets at weaning
69. Litter index (sow index) is a parameter evaluated in sow-
weaner operation that indicates
a. Litters produced by a sow during its productive life
b. Litters produced by a sow per year
c. Piglets weaned in a litter by a sow
d. Fatteners per litter
70. Reared piglets per sow per year is a function of
a. Litter index (sow index) and piglets reared per
litter
b. Reared piglets transferred as fatteners
c. Survival rate of piglets during the rearing period
d. Piglet mortality during the pre-weaning and
rearing stage
71. Pigs primarily intended for slaughter are called
a. Weaners c. Growers
b. Breeders d. Fatteners
72. The relative amount of crude protein in growing pig diets
tend to
a. Increase with age
b. Constant at varying stages.
c. Decrease with age
d. Changes irregularly at varying stages
73. Growers and finishers are stages during the fattening
period differentiated by weight at
a. 15 kg c. 20 kg
b. 45 kg d. 60 kg
74. Increasing average daily gain of fattening hogs will
result to shorter fattening period at
a. Fixed market age c. Fixed market
weight
b. Fixed feed allowance d. All
75. Feed conversion ratio is a measure of feed efficiency
that indicates the amount of feed per unit gain in
a. Carcass produced
b. Piglets produced
c. Live weight produced
d. Fatteners produced
76. Factor that has the least influence on the revenue
obtained on finished hogs
a. Feed cost
b. Market weight
c. Selling price of hogs
d. Grade of finished hog
77. Ten fattening hogs were raised with an average initial
weight of 10 kg. After 120 days the hogs were marketed at
average weight of 85 kg. Calculate the FCR if the total
feed consumed by the hogs was 37.5 bags
a. 2.5 c. 2.6
b. 2.7 d. 2.8
78. If the FCR of pigs will increase from 2.6 to 2.8 the
change can be perceived as
a. Improvement in performance
b. Total feed consumption will increase
c. Feed expense will decrease
d. Growth of the pigs will improve
79. The productive life of a sow is determined by the
number of days
a. From birth to culling or death
b. From first mating to last weaning
c. From puberty to last farrowing
d. From first farrowing to culling
80. The average farrowing interval of a sow after five
parities is 154 days. Determine the litter index of the sow
a. 2.22 c. 2.28
b. 2.37 d. 2.41
81. If the sow index will improve by 0.2, how many piglets
will be added if the piglets reared per litter is 8.25 in a 1000
sow level farm?
a. 17 c. 165
b. 1650 d. 16500
82. What is the estimated sow index in a 550 sow level pig
farm producing 303 litters in a quarter?
a. 2.0 c. 2.1
b. 2.2 d. 2.3
83. A sow after 2.6 years had 5 litters producing 55
piglets born alive, 3 stillborn, 2 mummified fetuses and
49 weaned piglets. What is the performance in pre-
weaning mortality of the sow?
a. 5.45% c. 3.64%
b. 9.09% d. 10.91%
84. A sow after 2.6 years had 5 litters producing 55 piglets
born alive, 3 stillborn, 2 mummified fetuses and 49 weaned
piglets. What is the piglet survival rate?
a. 94.45% c. 96.36%
b. 90.91% d. 89.09%
85. A sow after 2.25 years had 5 litters producing 55
piglets born alive, 3 stillborn, 2 mummified fetuses and 49
weaned piglets. What is the litter index of the sow?
a. 2.11 c. 2.22
b. 2.33 d. 2.44
86. A sow after 2.6 years had 5 litters producing 55 piglets
born alive, 3 stillborn, 2 mummified fetuses and 49 weaned
piglets. What is the performance of the sow in piglet born
dead per litter?
a. 0.4 c. 0.6
b. 0.8 d. 1.0
87. The number of stillborn per litter is a relative indication of
a. poor feeding management during gestation
b. inadequate assistance to sows during farrowing
c. poor housing system
d. improper farm breeding practices
88. At 80% farrowing rate, what is the expected number of
bred sows per month in a 2500 sow level farm with a target
litter index of 2.25?
a. 554 c. 586
b. 568 d. 597
89. In a 1500 sow level farm with 35% sow culling rate
and 80% gilt selection rate, how many ready to breed
gilts must be on hand monthly?
a. 45 c. 55
b. 50 d. 60
90. In a sow-fattening operation, farm efficiency is the value
representing the
a. Kg feed per kg live weight animal sold
b. Number of dead pigs relative to starting inventory
c. Pigs produced per sow per year
d. Fatteners sold relative to piglets born alive
91. The number of batches per year in hog fattening
operation is directly influenced by
a. Feed conversion ratio
b. Average daily gain
c. Feed cost per kg gain.
d. Feed consumption per hog per day
92. The farrowing cycle of a sow can be influenced directly
by changing
a. Gestation period
b. Lactation period
c. Dry or open days
d. Lost days
93. Days in the farrowing cycle when the sow is not
pregnant, not nursing a litter, and not in the prescribed
weaning to service interval
a. Gestation period
b. Lactation period
c. Dry or open days
d. Lost days
94. Lost of body condition of a sow resulting to emaciation
during the lactation period can lead to
a. Early occurrence of heat after weaning
b. Delayed occurrence of heat after weaning
c. Increase the litter index of a sow
d. Reduce eggs ovulated during estrus
95. The most efficient way of administering iron supplement to
piglets is by
a. Iron paste applied on the udder
b. Iron pellets fed to piglets
c. Iron dextran injected intramuscularly
d. Iron from natural sources like humus or top
96. Litter size of a sow in one farrowing includes
a. Only born alive piglets
b. Includes born alive and stillborn piglets
c. Includes born alive, mummified and stillborn piglets
d. Includes born alive, born dead and fostered piglets
97. Throughput or batches per year in hog fattening
operation refers to
a. Number of fatteners in a pen per year
b. Number of fattening cycles per year
c. Number of hogs marketed per year
d. Number of rearing piglets transferred per
98. Improving moderately and highly heritable traits like
growth rate and carcass quality, respectively, respond well
to
[Link] selection
b. Artificial selection
c. both
d. none
99. In the selection index method for pigs, increasing
value of FCR will cause the animal index to
a. Increase
b. Decrease
c. Remain constant
d. No relationship
100. From 15 to 90 kg body weight a fattener with 750 g
ADG will reach end weight by how many days
a. 90
b. 100
c. 110
d. 120
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