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Life Cycle of Diphyllobothrium Latum

Diphyllobothrium latum, known as the fish tapeworm, is a long cestode endemic to various regions including Europe and India, with a life cycle involving intermediate hosts like copepods and freshwater fish. Humans become infected by consuming undercooked fish containing the plerocercoid larva, leading to potential symptoms such as fatigue and vitamin B12 deficiency. Diagnosis is typically through stool microscopy, and treatment involves praziquantel along with preventive measures like proper cooking and sanitation.

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Anthireddy Sahithreddy
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56 views19 pages

Life Cycle of Diphyllobothrium Latum

Diphyllobothrium latum, known as the fish tapeworm, is a long cestode endemic to various regions including Europe and India, with a life cycle involving intermediate hosts like copepods and freshwater fish. Humans become infected by consuming undercooked fish containing the plerocercoid larva, leading to potential symptoms such as fatigue and vitamin B12 deficiency. Diagnosis is typically through stool microscopy, and treatment involves praziquantel along with preventive measures like proper cooking and sanitation.

Uploaded by

Anthireddy Sahithreddy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM

LATUM
THE LIFE CYCLE OF FISH TAPEWORM

- BY CHELSI BALLARI
- ROLL NUMBER 13
INTRODUCTION

• Diphyllobothrium latum is also called as fish tapeworm or dog


tapeworm.
• It belongs to the class of cestodes, in family of Diphyllobothridae.
• It is endemic to Europe, Siberia, Japan and India
MORPHOLOGY

• It is the longest tapeworm found in man found upto a length of 10


meters or more.
• It contains as many as 3000 or more proglottids
• It is found in small intestine in ileum
• It consists of scolex, neck and strobila.
ADULT WORM OF DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM
LATUM
• Scolex :
• The head is called as scolex
• It is spoon shaped and 2-3mm in length and 1mm in breadth
• It has 2 slit like groves
• No rostellum and hooklets

• Neck :
• It is behind scolex
• It is unsegmented and long
• Strobila :
• It has 3000 or more proglottids.
• It has immature, mature and gravid proglottids in that order.
• Mature proglottid has male and female reproductive organs
• Terminal segment discharges upto one million eggs daily.
• They are broken off and released.
EGG

• Egg is yellow colour ( bile stained)


• It is oval shaped
• It has operculum on one end and a knob on other end
• It has immature embryo
• It is not infective to humans
OPERCULATED EGG
LARVAL STAGES

• It has 3 stages of larvae.


• The first stage larvae is in water, known as coracidium.
• The second stage larva is in fresh water copeped cyclops (first
intermediate host) called as procercoid.
• The third stage is in fresh water fish called as plerocercoid.
LIFE CYCLE

• Definitive host :
• Man is main definitive host.
• Sometimes dogs, cats, pigs, foxes and bears

• Intermediate host :
• First intermediate host : copepods of genera Dioptomus and Cyclops
• Second intermediate host : Freshwater fishes
• Adult worm resides in small intestine of man
• Its operculated eggs are passed in feces.
• The embryo with 3 pairs of hooks
• It matures in 1-2 weeks and emerges through operculum as
coracidium.
• It is ingested by freshwater copepod.
• It penetrated the intestine and enters the body cavity.
• It transforms into procercoid larva.
• The infected copepod is ingested by freshwater fish.
• It penetrates intestine and enters muscle fibers of the fish
• It transforms into plerocercoid larva and measures 10-20mm x 2-
3mm.
• It is infective stage for man.
• Humans are infected when they consume infected fish
• It develops into adult worm and starts laying eggs in about 5-6 weeks.
• The eggs are released though feaces and continues the cycle.
LIFECYCLE OF DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
LIFE CYCLE OF DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM
PATHOGENESIS

• Most infections cause no effect


• Patient develops fatigue, weakness, diarrhea, numbness of lips etc.
• It sometimes develops vitamin B12 deficiency.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

• Stool microscopy is the investigation done


• It is diagnosed by identifying operculated eggs in feaces.
• The proglottids passed in feaces are identified
TREATMENT

• Praziquantel is drug of choice.


• Alternate drug in niclosamide.
• Tab. Vitamin B12 is taken to correct deficiency
PROPHYLAXIS

• Proper cooking of fish


• Prevention of fecal pollution of natural water
• Proper sanitation and disposal of feaces
• Antimicrobial therapy of infected humans
THANK YOU

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