CT SCAN
PRESENTED BY
DR. DHIREN B. BHOI
M. V. Sc.
VETERINARY GYNAECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCI. & ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
ANAND
Definition
o Computed Tomography {CT Scan}
o sometimes called computed axial
tomography scan (CAT scan) uses, special x-
ray equipment to obtain image data from
different angles around the body & then uses
computer processing of the information to
show a cross-section of body tissues & organs.
o It is a diagnostic modality i.e. fundamentally
different x-ray method in which an organ is
scanned in successive layer by a narrow beam
of x-rays, in such way that the transmission of
x-ray photons across a particular layer can be
measured & by means of a computer, used to
construct a picture of the internal structures.
History
1921 Dutch Ziedes des originated
tomography.
1972 G.N. Hounsfield developed
Computerized Tomography (CT
Scan)
Indications
CT scan uses x-rays to make detailed
pictures of structures of internal body.
CT imaging particularly useful show
several types of tissues- lung, bone,
soft tissue & blood vessels with great
clarity.
Radiologist can easily diagnose
cancers, Cardiovascular diseases,
infectious disease, trauma &
musculoskeletal disorders.
CT has proved successful visualization
of pituitary tumors in dogs,
anatomical structures & pathological
changes in CNS examined usefully in
small animal.
CT best tool studying the chest &
abdomen for lung cancer
pulmonary embolism
CT invaluable in diagnosing &
treating spinal problems & injuries
to skeletal structures, measures
bone mineral density for the
detection of osteoporosis.
CT find tumor & enlarged adrenal
glands, used to guide needle
during tissue biopsy, placement of
needle to drain an abscess.
CT Scan helpful for aneurysm,
diagnose lymphnode enlarged,
growth, fracture, infection in any
organ, detection of kidney stone,
kidney failure blockage.
Principle
CT scanner is large, square machine with hole in the centre.
Inside is the rotating gantry that x-ray tube mounted on one
side & arc shaped detector mounted on the opposite side.
An x-ray beam is emitted in fan shape as the rotating frame
spins the x-ray tube & detector around the patient. Each
time the x-ray tube & detector make 360 degree rotation &
x-ray passes through the patient body & the image of thin
section is acquired. During each records about 1000 images
of the expanded x-ray beam are produced. Each profile is
then reconstructed by a dedicated computer into two
dimensional image of the section that was scanned by
multiple computers and are typically used to control the
entire CT system.
CT examination often requires different contrast materials to
enhance the visibility of certain tissue or blood vessel. The
contrast material may be swallowed, injected through I/v
directly into the blood stream or administered by enema
depending on the type of examination.
Principle
Computed Tomography Machine
Benefit of CT scan
Unlike other imaging methods, fast, non-interventional
computer assisted radiographic technique
Painless, non-invasive & Accurate
CT Scanning offers detailed views.
Diagnosis made with the assistance of CT can
eliminate the need for invasive exploratory surgery &
surgical biopsy.
Information to show cross section of body tissue &
organ
Use wide range of clinical problems.
Risks of CT
CT scan is not generally indicated
for pregnant animal.
CT scan does involves high
radiation exposure
Risk of serious allergic reaction to
iodine containing contrast media.
CT Scan
CT Scan stroke CT Scan of Thorax
centre
C.T Scan of Blood Vessel
Slice of cranial CT Scan
Normal Abdomen CT
Oral & IV contrast
level of spleen & liver
CT angiogram
shows pulmonary
vessels
