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Basement Membrane Structure and Function

The document provides an overview of the ultrastructure of the basement membrane and its components, including the hemidesmosome and the three layers of the basement membrane: lamina lucida, lamina densa, and lamina fibroreticularis. It details the molecular components, including collagen types IV and VII, laminins, and other macromolecules that facilitate cell attachment and adhesion. The document emphasizes the complex interactions within the hemidesmosome-AF-AF adhesion complex, which plays a crucial role in cell-ECM adhesion and signal transduction.

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Ala'a Moawia
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16 views25 pages

Basement Membrane Structure and Function

The document provides an overview of the ultrastructure of the basement membrane and its components, including the hemidesmosome and the three layers of the basement membrane: lamina lucida, lamina densa, and lamina fibroreticularis. It details the molecular components, including collagen types IV and VII, laminins, and other macromolecules that facilitate cell attachment and adhesion. The document emphasizes the complex interactions within the hemidesmosome-AF-AF adhesion complex, which plays a crucial role in cell-ECM adhesion and signal transduction.

Uploaded by

Ala'a Moawia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

The Basement Membrane

Ultrastructure of DEJ
• Encompasses:
• Basal plasmamembrane of keratinocyte
• Melanocytes
• Merkel cell
• closely related structure hemidesmosome
• superficial focal thickening of plasma
membrane of keratinocyte
Hemidesmosome
• Cytoplasmic portion inner plaque
• associates with tonofilaments K1 14 K2 5

• Outer plaque associates with plasma mem.


• extracellular
• subbasal dense plate associates with plasma
membrane
HD con
• Maintains adhesion between Epid and dermis

• Numbers are consistant among individuals

• Not influenced by age sex and body location

• Similar in skin,gingiva, and cornea


Basement membrane

• Immediately beneath basal plasma


membrane.
• Consists of 3 layers;
• Lamina lucida
• Lamina densa
• Lamina fibroreticularis
Lamina Lucida
• Contains anchoring filaments which:

• Difficult to resolve in electromicrographs

• Oriented vertically between LL and lamina


densa
Lamina densa

• Electron dense layer

• Parralel to and below LL

• Appears amorphous
Anchoring Fibrils
• Major constituents of fibroreticular layer
• Short often curved
• Irregularly spaced Cross banding

• Insert into LD upper part of the dermis


• May also insert into anchoring plaques in PD
• Elastic microfibrils also seen
Molecular Components of EBM
• EBM like all other BMs consists of a number of

• Collagenous and noncollagenous


macromolecules with:
• Unique attributes to interact and bind to
each other and
• to form a matrix subserving masement
membrane
cont

• Provision of a basis for cell attachment

• Differentiation and movement


Collagenous Molecules
• Type IV collagen:
• main constituent of basement membrane
• ( Lamina densa)

• Collagen type VII:


• forms anchoring fibrils
Noncollagenous BM components
• Laminin family is the best characterised.

• At least 7 isoforms are identified

• 1 ,5 . 6, 7 are found in basement membr


Other macromolecules

• Fibronectin: identified I rat skin human ?


• Heparan sulphate(perlecan)
• Nidogen(entacitin) PG
• Both immunolocalised to BM. PG
• Main role adhesion.
• Major component in adhesion of BC and ECM
• Remains: hemidesmosomes-AF-Afi complex
The hemidesmosome-AF-AF adhesion
complex
• Continuous link=
• Keratin filaments-extracellular BM-anchoring
fibrils-superficial dermis.

• Complexity and difference in molecules make


this highly specialised complex;
• Functions probably not only in adhesion but
also in signal transduction bet. Ecm and IC
components
Inner plaque
Contains:
• a) 230kDa BPAg1
• b) Plectin
• In this position well situated to interact with
KF
• Plectin is widely distributed in all tissues with
apotential to link ECM to cytoskeleton (IF,
microtubules, microfilaments0
Integrin and BPAg 180

• Integrinalpha6 beta4 and 180 BPAg or coll


XVII are:
• Transmembraneous components of
hemidesmosomes
• 6/4 integrin is a receptor of laminin 5
• Major role:cell-ECM adhesion,HD assembly of
HD and signal transduction
• Hope U enjoyed my company as much as I did
• Yours

• GOOD bye and Good Luck

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