BIOLOGY PROJECT
NAME - ANIRUDH DIVYANSH
CLASS - XII
REGISTRATION NUMBER -
SCHOOL - HIMALAYAN RESIDENTIAL SCHOOL
SUBJECT - BIOLOGY
ROLL NUMBER -
Dengue Fever: An Overview
Dengue fever is a serious mosquito-borne illness that affects
millions of people worldwide. This presentation will delve into the
intricacies of dengue fever, covering its transmission, mechanism,
symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
By Anirudh Divyansh
Content
1.Certificate
2.Acknowledgment
3.Dengue fever
4.Transmission
5.Mechanism
6.Symptoms
7.Diagnosis
8.Treatment
9.Precaution
10.Anti dengue day
11.Bibliography
Certificate
This is to verify that this biology has been successfully completed by
ANIRUDH DIVYANSH of class XII , Himalayan residential school, Patna
under the guidance Of teachers during academic year 2023 – 2024 as per
guidance issued by the central board of secondary education { CBSE }
Acknowledgement of Others in Creating This
Presentation
Mentors Collaborators
I extend my gratitude to my friends and mentors for I'm thankful to my fellow students and research
their guidance and support throughout my learning colleagues for their collaborative efforts and valuable
journey. Their insightful advice and unwavering input. Working together has enriched the learning
encouragement have been instrumental in my experience and fostered a deeper understanding of this
development. subject.
Dengue Fever: An Overview
Aedes Mosquito Viral Infection Global Impact
Dengue fever is caused by a The virus responsible for dengue Dengue fever is a significant
virus transmitted through the fever belongs to the public health concern with an
bite of infected **Aedes** **Flavivirus** genus. It infects estimated 390 million infections
mosquitoes. This type of humans and multiplies in their annually. Its impact is
mosquito is primarily found in bloodstream, leading to various particularly felt in developing
tropical and subtropical regions symptoms. countries with tropical climates.
worldwide.
Transmission of Dengue Fever
1 Mosquito Bites
The primary mode of transmission is through the bite of
an infected **Aedes** mosquito. These mosquitoes
acquire the virus by feeding on an infected person.
2 Viral Replication
Once inside the mosquito, the virus replicates and
becomes concentrated in its salivary glands.
3 Transmission to Humans
When an infected mosquito bites another person, the virus
enters their bloodstream, potentially causing infection and
symptoms.
Transmission of Dengue Fever Continued
Daytime Activity Breeding Grounds Travel
**Aedes** mosquitoes are most These mosquitoes prefer to breed in Traveling to endemic regions
active during the day, especially stagnant water, such as containers, increases the risk of exposure to
during early mornings and late puddles, and tires. dengue fever. It is essential to take
afternoons. precautions during travel to prevent
mosquito bites.
Mechanism of Dengue Fever
Viral Entry
The dengue virus enters the human body through the mosquito's saliva, infecting
1 cells and multiplying.
Immune Response
The body's immune system responds by producing antibodies to fight
2
the virus. However, in some cases, this response can become more
severe with subsequent infections.
Symptoms and Complications
The immune response can lead to various symptoms,
3
ranging from mild fever to severe complications like dengue
hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS).
Mechanism of Dengue Fever Continued
Immune System
1
The body's immune system, aiming to combat the virus, produces antibodies.
Antibody Production
These antibodies are vital for fighting off the virus. However, sometimes,
2
antibodies can also trigger an immune response that can lead to
complications.
Cytokine Storm
In severe cases, the immune system can release an
3 excessive amount of inflammatory cytokines, leading
to a cytokine storm. This can cause damage to blood
vessels and other organs.
Symptoms, Diagnosis, and
Treatment of Dengue Fever
1 2
Symptoms Diagnosis
Common symptoms include fever, Dengue fever is typically diagnosed based
headache, muscle and joint pain, rash, and on clinical symptoms and travel history.
fatigue. In severe cases, dengue Blood tests are used to confirm the
hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock diagnosis and detect the virus.
syndrome can develop.
3
Treatment
There is no specific antiviral treatment for
dengue fever. Treatment focuses on
managing symptoms and preventing
complications. Hospitalization may be
necessary in severe cases.
Precautions and Prevention of Dengue Fever
Mosquito Repellents Protective Clothing Mosquito Nets Eliminate Breeding
Grounds
Use insect repellents Wear long-sleeved shirts, Use mosquito nets,
containing DEET, picaridin, long pants, and socks to especially at night when Dispose of standing water
or oil of lemon eucalyptus reduce exposed skin and mosquitoes are most in containers and around
to prevent mosquito bites. minimize mosquito bites. active. the house to eliminate
mosquito breeding
grounds.
ANTI DENGUE DAY
International anti dengue day is observed every year on June 15 th
This idea was presented for the welfare of society and public
First event was held in Jakarta Indonesia in 2011
Further , events was held in 2012 in Yangeen, Myanmar
Third event , 2013 in Vietnam
Bibliography
World Health Organization. (2023). Dengue.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue
