MANGALYAAN
Mangalyaan
The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), unofficially known as Mangalyaan
(from Sanskrit Maṅgala 'Mars', and yāna, 'craft, vehicle'),was a space
probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November
2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was India's first
interplanetary mission and it made ISRO the fourth space agency to achieve
Mars orbit, after Roscosmos, NASA, and the European Space Agency.It
made India the first Asian nation to reach the Martian orbit and the first nation
in the world to do so on its maiden attempt.
HISTORY
On November 2008, the first public acknowledgement of an uncrewed mission
to Mars was announced by then-ISRO chairman G. Madhavan Nair. The MOM
mission concept began with a feasibility study in 2010 by the Indian Institute of
Space Science and Technology after the launch of lunar satellite Chandrayaan-
1 in 2008. Prime Minister Manmohan Singh approved the project on 3 August
2012, after the Indian Space Research Organisation completed ₹125
crore (US$16 million) of required studies for the orbiter. The total project cost
may be up to ₹454 crore (US$57 million). The satellite costs ₹153
crore (US$19 million) and the rest of the budget has been attributed to ground
stations and relay upgrades that will be used for other ISRO projects.
MISSION OBJECTIVES
The primary objective of the mission is to develop the
technologies required for designing, planning, management
and operations of an interplanetary mission. The secondary
objective is to explore Mars' surface
features, morphology, mineralogy and Martian
atmosphere using indigenous scientific instruments.
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