The World Wide Web
Introduction
Background
Structure
Protocols
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PARTNER’S WORKED FOR
PRESENTATION
S.N NAME ROLL NO.
O
1 PISE VIVEK VIJAY 55
2 PUSHKAR NARAYAN BHAGAT 56
3 PYARE ASIF UBAID IQBAL 57
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Introduction
• The World Wide Web (WWW), often called the Web, is a
system of interconnected webpages and information that
you can access using the Internet. It was created to help
people share and find information easily, using links that
connect different pages together. The Web allows us to
browse websites, watch videos, shop online, and
connect with others around the world through our
computers and phones.
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WWW Background
• 1989-1990 – Tim Berners-Lee invents the
World Wide Web at CERN
– Means for transferring text and graphics
simultaneously
– Client/Server data transfer protocol
– Text mark up language
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WWW History
• 1994 – Mark Andreesen invents MOSAIC at National
Center for Super Computing Applications (NCSA)
– First graphical browser
– Internet’s first “killer app”
– Freely distributed
– Became Netscape Inc.
• 1995 – Web traffic becomes dominant
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WWW Components
• Structural Componen
– Servers – run on sophisticated hardware
– Caches – many interesting implementations
– Internet – the global infrastructure which facilitates data
transfer
• Semantic Components
– Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
– Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML)
– Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI)
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Quick Aside – Web server use
Source: Netcraft Server Survey, 2001
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WWW Structure
• Clients use browser application to send URIs via HTTP to
servers requesting a Web page
• Web pages constructed using HTML (or other markup
language) and consist of text, graphics, sounds plus
embedded files
• Servers (or caches) respond with requested Web page
• Client’s browser renders Web page returned by server
• The entire system runs over standard networking protocols
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Uniform Resource Identifiers
• Web resources need names/identifiers – Uniform
Resource Identifiers (URIs)
– Resource can reside anywhere on the Internet
• URIs are a somewhat abstract notion
– A pointer to a resource to which request methods can be
applied to generate potentially different responses
• A request method is eg. fetching or changing the object
• Most popular form of a URI is the Uniform Resource
Locator (URL)
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HTTP Request Messages
• GET – retrieve document specified by URL
• PUT – store specified document under given URL
• HEAD – retrieve info. about document specified by
URL
• OPTIONS – retrieve information about available
options
• POST – give information (eg. annotation) to the
server
• DELETE – remove document specified by URL
• TRACE – loopback request message
• CONNECT – for use by caches 10
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