OBSTETRIC
INSTRUMENTS
FOLEY’S CATHETER
• It is used for
continuous drainage of bladder in cases with:
Eclampsia
(i) Retroverted gravid uterus
(ii) To give rest to the bladder following any destructive operation and/or in a
case with suspected bladder injury
( It is usually kept for 7–10 days.)
(iv) In the management of atonic PPH
(v) To control atonic PPH(ballon provides tamponade).
SIMS’ DOUBLE BLADED
POSTERIOR
VAGINAL SPECULUM
It is used in obstetrics:
(1) To inspect the cervix and vagina and to detect any injury following
delivery.
(2) To clean the vagina following delivery.
(3) To inspect the cervix and vagina to exclude any local cause for
bleeding in APH
(4) During D & E operation.
SPONGE HOLDING FORCEPS
Uses:
(1) Toileting the vulva, vagina and perineum prior to and
following delivery.
(2) Antiseptic painting of the abdominal wall prior to cesarean section.
(3) To catch hold the membranes if it threatens to tear during delivery
of the placenta.
(4) To catch hold the cervix for inspection in suspected cervical tear.
(5) To catch hold the cervix during encirclage operation.
OVUM FORCEPS:
[Link] has got no catch and the blades are slightly bent and fenestrated.
2 .Absence of catch minimizes uterine injury, if accidentally caught. It
prevents crushing of the conceptus.
[Link] is to be introduced with the blades closed, to open up inside the
uterine cavity, to grasp the products and to take out the instrument
with a slight rotatory movement.
[Link] rotatory movements not only facilitate detachment of the
products from the uterine wall but also minimize the injury of the
uterine wall, if accidentally grasped.
VENTOUSE CUP WITH TRACTION
DEVICE
Use:
• It is used in the operation of vacuum extraction of the head. The cup is to be fitted
to the scalp of the forecoming head by producing “chignon” with the help of
vacuum. The cup has got varioussizes.
• Maternal indications:
[Link] expulsive efforts
[Link] exhaustion
[Link] expulsive efforts are to be avoided ([Link] disease)
• Fetal indications:
• [Link] distress
2. Suspicion of fetal comprimise
SHORT CURVED OBSTETRIC
FORCEPS (WRIGLEY’S FORCEPS)
It can only be used as outlet forceps for extraction of the head
• Introduction of the right blade: The two fingers of the left hand are
now introduced into the right lateral wall of the vagina alongside the
baby’s head. The right blade is introduced in the same manner as with
left one but holding it with the right hand.
• When correctly applied , the blades should be articulated with ease.
• The direction of the pull is straight horizontal and then upwards and
forwards.
ALLIS TISSUE FORCEPS:
Uses:
(1) To catch hold the anterior lip of the cervix in D + E operation.
(2) To hold the apex of the episiotomy wound during repair.
(3) To catch hold of the margins of the peritoneum, rectus sheath,
vaginal mucosa during repair.
(4) To catch hold of the torn ends of the sphincter ani externus prior to
suture in repair of complete perineal tear.
(5) To catch hold the margins and angles of the uterine flaps in LSCS after
the delivery of the baby as an alternative to Green-Armytage hemostatic
clamp
LONG STRAIGHT HEMOSTATIC
FORCEPS
Uses:
It is commonly used to cut the
(i) umbilical cord
(ii) to make episiotomy
(iii) to cut suture materials as in cesarean section
EPISIOTOMY SCISSORS
• It is bent on edge. The blade with blunt tip goes inside the vagina.
OBJECTIVES OF EPISITOMY:
• To enlarge the vaginal introitus so as to facilitate easy and safe delivery of
the fetus: spontaneous or manipulative.
• To minimize overstretching and rupture of the perineal muscles and fascia;
to reduce the stress and strain on the fetal head.
• The following are the various types of episiotomy:
• 1)Mediolateral
• 2)Median
• 3)Lateral
4)J shaped
Needle holder
• Used to hold a suturing needle for closing
wounds during suturing and surgical procedures.
Toothed forceps
• used for handling dense tissue, such as in skin
closures
Tissue holding forceps
• Tissue forceps are used in surgical procedures
for grasping tissue
Towel clamps(Towel holding forceps)
• Used to hold drapes in place, to keep only the operating
field exposed.
LONG STRAIGHT SCISSORS
Uses:
It is commonly used to cut the
(i) umbilical cord
(ii) to make episiotomy
(iii) to cut suture materials as in cesarean section.
KOCHER’S HEMOSTATIC
FORCEPS:
Uses:
(1) To clamp the umbilical cord—for better grip and effective crushing
effect to occlude the vessels.
(2) In low rupture of the membranes as surgical induction of labor or
augmentation of labor
MANUAL VACUUM ASPIRATION
SYRINGE
Use:
This is used for evacuation of the uterus by creating a vacuum. It is used up to 12
weeks of pregnancy.
Advantages of MVA:
(i) It is simple,
(ii) safe,
(iii) can be done as on outpatient basis,
(iv) with local anesthesia,
(v) effective (98%),
(vi) less traumatic and
(vii) it takes less time (10–15 min).
PINARD’S STETHOSCOPE
Use:
• It should be held firmly at right angle to the point on the abdominal
• wall.
• The ear must be firmly closed to the aural end.
• It should not be touched by hand while listening
CORD-CLAMP (DISPOSABLE)
• It is made of plastic and is supplied in a sterile pack.
• The serrated surface and the lock make its grip firm.
• It occludes the umbilical vessels effectively.
• The cord clamp is to be kept in place until it falls off together with
the detached stump of umbilical cord.
PLASTIC SUCTION CANNULA
(KARMAN’S TYPE
• Cannulas are used for S+ E when attached with MVA syringe.
• These are of different sizes (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12 mm).
Mucous sucker
• Used to suck mucous from nostrils and mouth of the baby.
Surgical blade(no.22)
• Used for skin incisions.
Chromic catgut
• Absorbable Monofilament .
• Used for muscle and subcutaneous tissue.
Prolene suture material
• Monofilament polypropylene blue.
• Used for rectus sheath.
Vicryl suture material
• Reabsorbable,braided polygalactine violet.
• It is used for soft tissue approximation(uterus closure).
