Technological University (Hmawbi)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Design and Thermal Analysis of

Radiator in Engine Cooling
System
Title Defense

29.11. 2024
Supervised By
Presented By
U Hlaing Myint Tun
Ma Nora Kyi Shein
Associate Professor
ME.Mech 2
Outlines 2
 Literature review
 Research problems
 Aim and objectives
 Research methodology
 Introduction
 Concluding remark
 Reference
 Literature Review 3
Authors Methods Results
Years
2016 Parth Gandhi, Analytical Modeling and By comparing without fin, the heat
et. al, Simulation of a radiator (For 1- transfer rate of radiator is increase by
Fin and 1-Tube) providing the fin.

2016 M. Selvam, Design calculation modification Nozzle velocity increases and pressure
et. al, of Radiator in I.C. Engine. ( Two and temperature decreases. Efficiency of
flat plates are placed inside the the proposed radiator is increased 5.37%
tube which acts as the nozzle.) when comparing with existing method.
2021 TG Design and Analysis of Radiator Although temperatures Variation of
Sakthivel, et. Fins by Ansys software (the radiator are not significant due to
al radiator fins with different different fins structure, temperature
materials and structure) Variation for different fin materials are
significant.
2024 Zena Khalefa Effect of the tube material on the It’s found that a small advantage for
Kadhim, et. thermal performance of radiator copper of approximately 5% in terms of
al by using CFD simulation (a the heat transfer rate and the overall
circular tube and regular fins) heat transfer coefficient. But, It is
recommended to use aluminum tubes
because they give lighter weight and
Research Problems 4

According to the literature review

 It’s found that the cooling system was badly damaged due to overheating
issues.

 Analysis of heat transfer within an automobile radiator is important. (the

transfer of heat from the engine coolant to the surrounding air)

 The fins on the radiator are also crucial for maximizing heat transfer by
increasing the surface area available for heat dissipation.

Locally, it is n’t studied thermal analysis of radiator that includes circular tubes and
 The thermal performance ofby
fins radiator with
changing fin andyet.
materials tube is significant due to the
effect of the material.
Aim and Objectives 5

 The thesis’s aim is to increase heat transfer rate that can be

achieved by changing the design of radiator.

 The objective of thesis are;

1. To study the cooling system of engine
2. To design the cooling system components of engine
3. To design the radiator for water cooling system
4. To calculate the thermal parameters of the radiator, and
5. To validate this result of the radiator with the simulation result
Research Methodology 6
Collect Specification data for engine/
select parameter about cooling engine

Calculate total area, area

on the coolants side and
air sides, Radiator size

Calculate amount of Thermal analysis using

Theoretically
heat, heat transfer Numerical simulation
calculation
coefficient, outlet (Ansys)
(E-NTU method)
temperature,

Compare the results for

thermal analysis
 Introduction to Cooling System 7

 Temperature in the combustion chamber of

the engine can reach 4500 (2500 ), so
cooling the area around the cylinders is
critical.
 The cooling system forms an important part
of an automobile engine. It performs
multitude of functions such as removing
excess heat from the engine.
 Automobile cooling system keeps the engine
running at a optimum temp whatever the
operation conditions are.
 Therefore, In automobile, more cooling effect
is required for better engine performance.
 Two types of cooling systems
(1) Direct cooling/ Air cooling system (2)Indirect cooling/ liquid cooling system
 Energy Split Diagram 8
 Out of this generated heat approximately
25-30% of the heat in combustion is
converted into power to drive the vehicle
and its accessories.
 Another 35-40% of the heat is carried off
into the atmosphere through the exhaust
system.
 The remaining 30 % must be removed
from the engine by the cooling system in
order to prevent the overheating of the
engine oil, cylinder walls, pistons, valves,
and other components by these extreme
temperatures. But sometimes this heat
cannot be effectively removed due to
inefficient design of radiator.
 Excessive cooling system capacity can
also be harmful, and may affect engine
life and performance.
 Working Principle of Cooling Systems 9
1. Radiator: The central component where
heat exchange occurs. It cools down the hot
coolant coming from the engine by dissipating
heat to the surrounding air.
2. Coolant: A liquid mixture of water and
antifreeze that circulates through the engine to
absorb and carry away heat.
3. Water Pump: Circulates the coolant
through the engine and radiator.
4. Thermostat: Regulates the coolant flow
to maintain optimal engine temperature.
5. Cooling Fan: Pulls air through the
radiator to assist in cooling the coolant, especially
during idling or slow driving.
6. Hoses and Pipes: Channels that connect
various components and allow the coolant to
circulate.
7. Expansion Tank: Maintains the correct
coolant level and allows for thermal expansion.
Radiators 10
 Radiators are commonly used in automobiles and play a vital role in engine cooling
system.
 Automobile radiator is used for preventing the engine from overheating.
 When increasing the cooling efficiency of radiator causes increase the life time of engine.
 Tube and fin style the most popular. Assembly of tubes and fins are known as radiator
core.
 Made of copper and brass or aluminum and plastic

1. Inlet tank
2. Radiator core
3. Outlet tank
Radiator Types 11

 Two types of radiator

construction

1. Down-flow (older)
2. Cross-flow

Downflow radiator
This is a traditional type of radiator that is often found in older vehicles. The radiator tubes
run vertically with the tanks on top and bottom of the core.

Crossflow radiator
This design is often used in modern vehicles. The radiator tubes run horizontally with the
tanks on either side of the core.
Concluding Remarks 12

 Cooling system of automobile are introduced.

 Working principle of cooling system are discussed.
 Literature reviews about the radiator are conducted.
 Research aim and objectives are defined.
 Research problems and methodology are expressed.
Future Plans 13

 Specification data of automobile will be selected.

 Theory about thermal analysis (E-NTU method ) will be studied.
 Parameter of components (radiator, fan, water pump, etc) in cooling
system will be calculated.
References 14

1. Parth Gandhi1, Azadkumar Vegda, Mihir Shah, “Analytical Modeling and

Simulation of Car Radiator”, Mechanical Engineering Department, A.D. Patel
Institute of Technology, International Journal of Science and Research, 2016.
2. R. Paul Linga Prakash, M. Selvam, A. Alagu Sundara Pandian, “Design and
Modification of Radiator in I.C. Engine Cooling System”, Department of
Mechanical Engineering, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2016.
3. T G Sakthivel, K M Abishek “ DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF RADIATOR FINS ”,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Panimalar Institute of Technology,
Chennai, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2021.
4. Ali Abdul Jabbar Ibrahim, Zena Khalefa Kadhim, and Kamel A. Khalaf, “Effect of
the tube material on the thermal performance of automobile (radiator) of
cooling system”, Department of mechanical Engineering, Wasit University Wasit
Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2024.
5. “ Radiator and Types of Radiator “, www.TheEngineersPost.com
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THANKS YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION!
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