Introduction to ICT
By
Beenish Noor
Books
Text Book Reference Book
Python Basics: A Practical Introduction to Practical Programming, An introduction
Python 3, David Amos, Dan Bader, Joanna to Computer Science by Jennifer
Jablonski, and Fletcher Heisler, Real Python, Campbell
2021
Learning to Program with Python,
Practical Programming (in Python) Jeffrey Richard L. Halterman
Elkner, Allen B. Downey, (2016)
Contents
Languages
Program
Programming Languages
Debugging
Python
Languages
Two types of languages
Natural: Speak by common people e.g English..
Formal: Designed by people for specific purpose
e.g 3+3, H2O…
Both languages have syntax
Languages (cont.)
Syntax: tokens and structure.
Tokens: basic elements of language e.g numbers, symbols
etc.
Structure: the way tokens are arranged e.g 3+3 and +3++3
Parsing: understanding meaning of a sentence using tokens
and structure is.
Tokens, Structure and Parsing common in formal and
Natural languages
Languages.. (Differences)
AMBIGUITY REDUNDANCY LITERALNESS
PROGRAMS: UNAMBIGUOUS AND
LITERAL, Can entirely be understood
Program
A sequence of instructions: how to
perform a computation
input, Output, Math, Conditions,
Involves: Repetition
All complex problems are broken into smaller
subtask and further subtask until solved with
basic instructions.
Programming Languages
Programming languages: formal languages
Express computations.
Instruct machines.
High Level and Low Level languages (Machine Language or Assembly
Language)
Computers can only execute Low Level Language programs.
So High Level language program needs extra processing,
Extra time , More Slower
Programming Languages
(cont.)
High Level Languages have extra benefits
Easy to program (more close to human)
Take less time to program
Portable
Programming Languages (cont.)
●
Two programs process high level language to low level language
●
Interpreters and Compilers
Programming Languages (cont.)
●
Compilers
Introduction to ICT
By
Beenish Noor
Python
High Level Programming language , was created
in 1991 by Guido van Rossum.
Interpreted language & Dynamically typed
Simple and close to English syntax
Programs with fewer lines, than other
programming languages
Debugging
Process of tracking
A program may have
and correcting them
Bugs.
is Debugging.
Runtime Error
Syntax Error
(Exceptions)
--Debugging is tough,
Semantic Error challenging but very
Interesting. ;)
