What do all these have in common?
The very smallest living organisms are single cells which carry out all
The functions of living things. As organisms get bigger and are made
up of many cells, some of these cells become specialized to carry out
special jobs.
What is the picture?
What do you think these special cells do for plants
or animals?
1 2
3
5 6
4
9
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7
SPECIALISED CELLS
Learning Objectives: Learning Activities:
1. To be able to describe
1. What is the picture?
with examples, how cells
are specialised to perform2. Read what is a
different functions. specialised cell
2. You should be able to 3. Powerpoint showing
state how cells group different specialised
together to form tissues. cells
3. You should be able to 4. Quiz on plant and
state how specific cells animal cells
are adapted to their
function.
WHAT IS A SPECIALIZED CELL?
Plants and animals consist of many cells and so
are known as multicellular
They contain many different types of cells.
Each type of cell is designed to carry out a
particular job or function.
This is known as cell specialization
Not all cells look the same.
Some cells have a special shape and features to
help them do a certain job.
Muscle cells have different structure to blood and
nerve cells in animals. In plants the cells where
photosynthesis happens are very different to root
hair cells.
Note Making Activity
1. The following slides show some examples of
specialized cells
2. Read through the information
3. Make a table into your notebook with 3 columns.
4. Title the first column Type of cell, the second
column Diagram, and the third column features/
job.
Type of Cell Diagram Features/jobs
• Fill the columns with information from the
slides. You may have to read go back and read
the slides more than once to complete the
table.
• Make the diagrams with pencil please.
SPERM CELL
Head contains enzymes & nucleus
Designed to Fertilise eggs.
Found in the Testes
Tail
A sperm is small and has a long
tail that provides movement so it The head contains enzymes
can swim and find an egg cell. which allow it to digest into an
egg cell and join with it.
EGG (OVUM) CELL
Cytoplasm containing yolk
Designed to be Fertilised.
Found in the Ovaries.
Anegg cell is large and
bulky.
Contains yolk which
Layer of jelly provides a large food store
Nucleus
for the new cell being
formed.
PALISADE CELL
Designed for
Photosynthesis Nucleus
Found in the top of a leaf
Talland has a large
surface area to absorb
water and minerals.
Packed with chloroplasts
to help make plant food.
Chloroplasts
CILIATED CELL
Designed to stop Lung
Damage
Nucleus
They line all the air
passages in the lungs.
They have tiny hairs called
cilia.
Hairs sweep mucus with
cilia
trapped dust and bacteria
back up the throat.
ROOT HAIR CELL
•Thin cell wall
Designed for absorbing. Vacuole makes it easy
for minerals to
pass through.
thin cell wall
•Has a large
surface which Cell membrane
helps it to
absorb water •Found in a plant root.
and minerals.
Muscle cell
Found in animals
nucleus
Long making it able to change
Shape (shorten). This is called contraction.
NERVE CELL (NEURONE)
Nucleus
•They are long
•They have connections at each end
•Can carry electrical signals
•Their job is to carry nerve impulses to different
parts of the body.
RED BLOOD CELL
•Designed to carry oxygen
•Found in blood.
• Biconcave shape: large surface area, for oxygen to pass t
•Contains haemoglobin, which joins with oxygen.
•Has no nucleus
Xylem cell
Found in a plant (the stem, leaves, and roots)
Join together to form xylem tubes that carry
water from roots to leaves of plants
Copy and fill in the gaps:
Some cells have special jobs to do. They often have special
shapes to help them do their job. We say that these cells
are _________________ to do their jobs.
A group of the same type of cells, all working together, is
called a _________________ .
A group of muscle cells all grouped together is called
_________________ . Muscle cells help us to
_________________ .
adapted move muscle tissue
Task:
• Finish your table and
turn in to teacher.
