DRIVING NC

B – Battery
L – Lights/Leakage
O – Oil
W – Water (Radiator, Wiper)/Windshield
B – Brake and Brake Fluids
A – Accessories of Vehicles like tools,
gadgets, equipment, license and
registrations
G – Gas or Fuel
E – Electrical
T – Tires
S - Self
B - Battery
Before you get in your car,
make sure your battery has a
strong charge, clean terminals,
and proper cable-to-terminal
connection. Car batteries
typically last for three to four
years. Replace your battery if it’s
almost near the end of its service
life.
Types of Battery
Maintainable Battery
As the name might suggest,
Maintainable batteries have removable
caps which enable you to visually check
the electrolyte level in each cell. The
lifespan of the battery can be extended
by periodically checking the electrolyte
level, and top up with demineralized
water if required. Depending on the
battery, the electrolyte levels should be
checked at least `twice a week.
Types of Battery
Maintenance Free Battery
In comparison, Maintenance Free
batteries come sealed for life from the
factory, and do not require maintenance
of the electrolyte levels. The most
significant benefit of the sealed design is
that no service attention is required,
other than ensuring the battery is kept
clean and fully charged.
 L - Light
Fully functioning auto lights are a safety must-
have for nighttime driving. However, their bulbs burn
out or get defective over time. This is why you have to
inspect your car’s lights regularly.
Test your headlights, turn signals, brake lights, reverse
lights, and tail lights in the garage. The light beam
should reflect on the wall. To confirm if the lights are
working properly, ask someone to stand in front and
then behind the car as you operate the lights.

Check also your lights for dirt, cracks, and breakage. If

you spot any, have your lights cleaned or fixed.
 O - Oil
Your car needs oil to lubricate all engine
components. Too little oil is bad for your engine—
it can cause wear and tear on its moving parts.
When your vehicle runs out of oil, your engine
will stop working, and you’ll be dealing with
expensive repair bills.
Check your engine’s oil level and color. When the
oil is below the minimum level, it’s time to refill.
Look also for leaks, as they’re a sign that your
car is quickly losing oil.
 Types of Oil
1. Conventional Oil
Conventional oil is your standard
motor oil. It’s manufactured from
crude oil that’s pulled from the
ground and then refined in a
factory. Different additives and
processes are done to improve
its viscosity (thickness) and
engine protective properties, and
it’s then bottled and sold for use
in your engine.
Types of Oil
2. Synthetic Oil
Synthetic motor oil is manufactured entirely in a
factory, or lab. Because of this, they tend to be
far more consistent; it’s easier to control
manufacturing processes when all of your
materials are held to much more stringent
standards. Thus, these oils are more refined,
and are overall better for your engine.
Types of Oil
3. Synthetic Blend Oil
Synthetic blend oils are a kind of hybrid oil
manufactured from both synthetic and
natural materials. In other words, it’s a
blend of both conventional and synthetic
oils to try to capture some of the benefits of
both while reducing their drawbacks.
Types of Oil
4. High-Mileage Oil
High-mileage oil is a somewhat unique branch of oil that’s
entirely on its own. These products have a blend of unique
additives included which are designed to help protect engine
seals, which in turn helps prevent oil evaporation and
improves overall performance. For cars that are getting a
little long on the odometer, this extra protection is key as oil
burn-off becomes a little bit more common of a problem,
contributing to more engine wear and a decreased lifespan
W - Water
Overheating is every motorist’s worst nightmare. A simple
check of the water in your radiator will save you from that
road disaster. It also helps to have several one-liter bottles of
water in your trunk, just in case your car overheats while
you’re driving and you need to put water in the radiator to
cool the engine down.
Things to Check
a. Radiator
b. Wiper
c. Windshield
 Wipers

Radiator

Windshiel
d
 B - Brake
Faulty brakes are a disaster waiting to
happen. Lower your chance of
meeting a road accident—ensure that
your brake system is working properly
before you take your car out of the
garage. Push the brake pedal all the
way to the floor. It shouldn’t feel
spongy and have little to no
resistance. Otherwise, it isn’t safe to
drive when the brakes are weak.
Types of Brake Fluid
1. DOT 3
DOT 3 is the most common type of brake fluid used in
domestic cars and trucks. According to the Society of
Automotive Engineers (SAE), DOT 3 can absorb 2
percent of its volume in water every year. Over
enough time excessive moisture will cause corrosion
in the brake system which can lead to issues like
vapor-lock or a spongy pedal
Types of Brake Fluid
2. DOT 4
DOT 4 is formulated for use by all vehicles, it has a
higher boiling point than DOT 3 and it does not
absorb moisture as fast. DOT 4 and DOT 3 are
interchangeable, however it's best to avoid adding
DOT 3 fluid to a system that already uses DOT 4. It's
the preferred type of fluid used for street and high
performance applications.
Types of Brake Fluid
3. DOT 5
DOT 5 (often referred to as synthetic brake fluid)
is silicone-based, which means it does not
absorb any moisture. Many street ridders would
use synthetic because it's not corrosive to paint
or other brake components which makes it great
for preserving classic cars for long periods of
time.
Types of Brake Fluid
4. DOT 5.1
DOT 5.1 is a non-silicone-based polyglycol that
has a boiling point over 500 degrees. Unlike
DOT 5, DOT 5.1 can be mixed with DOT 3 or
DOT 4. Also, DOT 5.1 will usually have the
highest rated boiling point which is best
recommended for severe duty and high
performance applications.
A - Accessories

1. Tools
2. Gadgets
3. Equipment
4. License
5. Registration
G - Gas
Especially during long drives, a full gas tank is
important. Imagine how troublesome it would be
if you run out of fuel while you’re stuck in traffic
or driving along the road where a gas station is
nowhere in sight.
So don’t forget to check your fuel level through
the fuel gauge before you take your car out for a
drive.
Types of Fuel
1. Gasoline
Gasoline is the most common automobile fuel and is
used all over the world to power cars, motorcycles,
scooters, boats, lawnmowers, and other machinery. It
is a specialized fossil fuel made from petroleum,
hence its nickname “petrol” in the U.K. It is also
important to note that hydrocarbons in gasoline and
carbon dioxide from producing it contributes to
pollution and smog. Despite this, you can find a gas
stations all over the place
Types of Fuel
2. Diesel
Diesel fuel is also made from petroleum but is
refined using a different method than that used
to create gasoline. Many large and industrial
trucks use diesel fuel, as do transfer trucks and
agricultural equipment. There are two types of
diesel fuel, one specifically for automobiles and
one for off-road vehicle.
Types of Fuel
3. Bio-Diesel
Diesel fuel that is created using vegetable oils or
animal fats is called bio-diesel. It can be made
using soybean oil, lard, algae, and vegetable
oils. Some inventive drivers have found ways to
recycle used cooking oils into biodiesel that
powers altered car engines.
Types of Fuel
4. Ethanol
Although ethanol is not widely used as a general
automobile fuel, it is added to our common
gasoline as an additive. Many car manufacturers
are designing vehicles that can be powered by
ethanol because it is a cost effective fuel made
from renewable resources like corn and
sugarcane.
 E - Engine
It’s better to detect an engine
problem before you drive off
rather than deal with it in the
middle of the road. Check for
leaks that indicate an engine
problem. Also, start the engine
and listen to its sound. If you hear
pinging, tapping, knocking, or any
weird noise, better have a
mechanic check your engine.
T - Tires
Maintenance Tips
1. Adjusting the Air
This may seem difficult at first, but
it’s actually quite easy. Tire air is
measured in pounds-per-square-
inch, or PSI. You will need a tire
gauge to measure the pressure
(there are several different models:
pen, digital, dial, or stick)
T - Tires
Maintenance Tips
2. Rotating and Balancing
To get the most life out of every tire, you should
rotate the front and back tires.
3. Alignment
Have a mechanic perform a wheel alignment, every 12,000
miles, or whenever you feel your car is pulling to one side or
the other. This will prevent unsafe steering and uneven tire
wear.
S- Self
Driving under extreme
emotional stress is also
dangerous because you’ll lose
concentration on the road. So
avoid driving when you’re
emotional. Also, check your
documents before you hit the
road. Your driver’s license, LTO
registration papers, and proof
of car insurance should be
within reach when you get
pulled over on your road trip
THANK YOU!!
BYEBYE!