INTRODUCTION TO CURRICULUM
DEVELOPMENT
PRESENTED BY MR. MBABIT LESLIE M. ([Link]. EPY)
OBJECTIVE OF THE LECTURE
Definition of Curriculum
Definition of Curriculum Development
Purpose of Curriculum Development
Curriculum Considerations
Attributes of a Good Curriculum
DEFINITION OF CURRICULUM
1. Ralph Tyler: “Curriculum is all the learning which is planned and
guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually,
inside or outside the school.”
2. Hilda Taba: “Curriculum is an organized set of formal educational
and or training intentions, collective and individual experiences,
designed learning outcomes, content, and evaluation procedures,
implemented within a course or educational institution.”
3. John Kerr: “Curriculum is all the learning which is planned and
guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually,
inside or outside the school.”
DEFINITION OF CURRICULUM
Curriculum refers to the comprehensive set of courses, learning
experiences, and educational activities that are designed and
implemented by an educational institution or system to achieve
specific educational objectives and goals. It includes the subjects that
are taught, the methods and materials used to teach those subjects,
as well as the assessments and evaluations used to measure student
learning and progress. The curriculum guides both the content and
the structure of instruction in a particular educational setting and
serves as a roadmap for what students will learn and how they will
learn it.
DEFINITION OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
1. "Curriculum development is the process of designing,
implementing, and evaluating a plan for teaching and learning."
(Wiggins & McTighe, 2005)
2. "Curriculum development refers to the planned, purposeful,
progressive, and systematic design of learning experiences for
learners." (Tyler, 1949)
3. "Curriculum development is the process of selecting, organizing,
and sequencing knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be learned, and
determining when, where, and how to teach them." (Ralph W. Tyler &
Edgar Dale, 1959)
DEFINITION OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum development is the process of creating an effective and
comprehensive plan for delivering educational content and
experiences to students. It involves designing and organizing the
curriculum to meet educational goals and objectives, as well as
assessing and revising it to ensure continuous improvement.
Curriculum development takes into consideration the needs and
interests of students, as well as the requirements of educational
standards and frameworks. It encompasses the selection and
sequencing of content, the development of instructional strategies
and resources, and the evaluation and revision of the curriculum
based on feedback and data. The goal of curriculum development is to
provide a coherent and engaging educational experience that
promotes learning and achievement.
PURPOSE OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
Curriculum development serves several purposes. Some of these purposes include:
1) Providing guidance: Curriculum development helps to set clear goals and objectives
for what students should learn and be able to do. It provides a roadmap for teachers
to follow and ensures that all students have a consistent learning experience.
2) Meeting educational standards: Curriculum development helps to ensure that
educational programs meet the standards and regulations set by government bodies
and educational organizations. It ensures that students are learning the necessary
knowledge and skills required for their grade level or subject area.
3) Promoting student engagement: A well-designed curriculum can help to engage
students in their learning. By including relevant and interesting content, hands-on
activities, and opportunities for student choice and exploration, curriculum
development can make learning more meaningful and enjoyable for students.
PURPOSE OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
4) Supporting teacher planning and instruction: Curriculum development provides
teachers with a framework for planning their lessons and instructional strategies. It
helps teachers to align their instruction with the objectives and expected outcomes of
the curriculum, ensuring that their teaching is focused and effective.
5) Encouraging continuous improvement: Curriculum development is an ongoing
process that allows for reflection and improvement. It provides a mechanism for
evaluating the effectiveness of instructional materials and strategies, and making
adjustments based on feedback and data.
6) Addressing diverse learner needs: Curriculum development should take into
account the diverse needs and abilities of students. It should provide opportunities for
differentiation, allowing teachers to tailor their instruction to meet the specific needs
of individual students or groups of students.
PURPOSE OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
7) Preparing students for the future: Curriculum development should also consider the
skills and knowledge that students will need in the future. It should help to prepare
students for college, careers, and citizenship by developing critical thinking skills,
problem-solving abilities, and a strong foundation of academic knowledge.
ATTRIBUTES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
CURRICULUM
1) Alignment with learning goals: A good curriculum should clearly align with the
desired learning goals and objectives. It should outline what students should know,
understand, and be able to do by the end of the course or program.
2) Relevance: The curriculum should be relevant to the needs and interests of the
students. It should be engaging and practical, providing real-world applications of the
concepts being taught.
3) Progression: A good curriculum should be designed to facilitate a logical and
coherent progression of learning. It should build upon prior knowledge and skills,
ensuring that students are continuously challenged and able to make connections
between different concepts.
ATTRIBUTES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
CURRICULUM
4) Clarity and organization: The curriculum should be clear and well-organized, with a
logical structure that is easy to follow. It should provide a clear sequence of lessons,
activities, and assessments, allowing both teachers and students to understand what
is expected at each stage.
5) Flexibility: A good curriculum should provide flexibility for teachers to adapt and
modify the content, approaches, and resources to meet the specific needs of their
students. It should accommodate different learning styles and abilities.
6) Assessment and feedback: The curriculum should include a variety of assessment
methods that effectively measure student learning. It should also provide
opportunities for timely and constructive feedback, enabling students to improve their
understanding and performance.
ATTRIBUTES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
CURRICULUM
7) Integration of technology: A good curriculum should reflect the modern use of technology
in education. It should incorporate digital tools, resources, and platforms to enhance teaching
and learning experiences.
8) Culturally responsive: A good curriculum should be culturally responsive, acknowledging
and respecting the diversity of the student population. It should incorporate diverse
perspectives, experiences, and resources that reflect the backgrounds and identities of the
students.
9) Alignment with standards and benchmarks: The curriculum should align with relevant
educational standards and benchmarks, ensuring that it covers the necessary content and
skills expected at a particular grade level or educational level.
10) Continuous improvement: A good curriculum should be open to evaluation, feedback, and
continuous improvement. It should adapt to evolving educational research, practices, and the
CURRICULUM CONSIDERATION
Curriculum considerations refer to various factors that educators and curriculum
developers need to take into account when designing and implementing a curriculum.
These considerations can include:
1. Educational goals and objectives: Curriculum should align with the desired learning
outcomes and reflect the educational goals and objectives of a particular educational
institution or system.
2. Learner needs and interests: Curriculum design should consider the needs,
interests, and background of the learners to ensure that it is relevant and engaging for
them.
CURRICULUM CONSIDERATION
3. Cultural and linguistic diversity: In today's multicultural and multilingual societies,
curriculum should reflect and respect the diversity of learners, including their cultural
and linguistic backgrounds.
4. Developmental appropriateness: Curriculum should be designed with consideration of
the cognitive, physical, and socio-emotional development of learners at different stages
of their educational journey.
5. Differentiated instruction: Learners have different learning styles, abilities, and needs.
Curriculum should provide opportunities for differentiated instruction to address the
diverse needs of learners.
6. Assessment and evaluation: Curriculum design should include considerations for
ATTRIBUTES OR CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
CURRICULUM
7. Technological advancements: Given the rapid advancement of technology,
curriculum design should consider incorporating digital tools and resources to enhance
teaching and learning experiences.
8. Ethical considerations: Curriculum should address ethical issues and promote
values such as respect, fairness, and social responsibility.
9. Educational policies and standards: Curriculum design should align with educational
policies and standards established by local, state, or national education authorities.
CURRICULUM CONSIDERATION
10. Community and societal expectations: The curriculum should reflect the needs and
expectations of the community and society it serves, preparing learners to be
productive and responsible citizens.
These considerations ensure that curriculum is designed and implemented in a way
that maximizes educational effectiveness and meets the needs of learners and the
broader educational context.
CONCLUSION
Thanks for your kind attention
