DRONE TECHNOLOGY BASICS
MASTER TH E SKIES, UN L EASH YO UR D R O N E'S PO TEN TIAL
PRESENTED BY- NITIN PARMAR
BASIC
UNDERSTANDING
OF DRONES
Drones, also known as
unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAVs), are aircraft that are
operated without a human pilot
on board. They are controlled
remotely by a pilot on the
ground or can be programmed
to fly autonomously using pre-
defined routes and
instructions.
COMPONENTS
REQUIRED
• Frame • Radio Transmitter and
• BLDC Motor Receiver
• Propellers • GPS
• ESC (Electronic Speed • Sensors
Controllers) • Camera/Gimble
• Flight Controllers • Onboard Computers
• Batteries • LEDs
FRAME
The frame is the basic structure that
holds all the components together. It
provides stability and protection to the
internal components.
TYPES
BLDC Motors
• Drones typically have four or more
motors, each connected to a propeller.
The motors generate the necessary
thrust to lift and maneuver the drone.
• Motors work by converting electrical
energy into mechanical energy. This
mechanical energy is then used to spin
the propellers, which create thrust that
lifts the drone into the air.
PROPELLERS
• Propellers are attached to the motors
and generate the airflow needed for
lift. They come in different sizes and
configurations depending on the
drone's design and purpose.
• Propellers are airfoils that create
thrust when they spin. The shape of
the propeller blades is designed to
create a difference in air pressure
between the top and bottom of the
propeller. This difference in air
pressure creates a force that pushes
the propeller forward.
TYPES
Electronic Speed
Controller (ESC)
• ESCs are responsible for controlling the
speed and direction of each motor.
They do this by sending pulses of
electricity to the motors, which causes
them to spin at the desired speed and
they also receive signals from the
flight controller and adjust the power
sent to the motors accordingly.
TYPES
FLIGHT CONTROLLER
A flight controller is a small computer
that is responsible for controlling the
flight of a drone. It receives data from
the drone's sensors, such as the
accelerometer, gyroscope, and
compass, and uses this data to calculate
the drone's current position and
orientation. The flight controller then
uses this information to send commands
to the drone's motors, which cause the
drone to move in the desired direction.
TYPES
KK 2.1.5 Controller
The KK 2.1.5 controller is a
popular flight control board for
small to mid-sized drones. It
features a simple interface with
an LCD screen for easy setup
and tuning. With its built-in
gyroscope and accelerometer, it
provides stable flight
performance and supports
various flight modes.
Naza M Lite Controller
The Naza-M Lite flight controller is a
popular choice for multirotor drones.
Developed by DJI, it provides precise and
stable flight control for aerial platforms.
The Naza-M Lite features a compact
design, built-in gyroscope, and
accelerometer for accurate positioning and
attitude control. It supports various flight
modes, including GPS-assisted navigation,
manual control, and auto-leveling. With its
user-friendly interface and robust
performance, the Naza-M Lite is suitable
for both hobbyists and professional drone
pilots.
•
PIXHAWK CONTROLLER
The Pixhawk flight controller is a widely
used and highly regarded open-source
autopilot system for UAVs and drones.
It offers advanced flight control
capabilities and extensive
customization options. The Pixhawk is
equipped with a powerful processor,
multiple sensors (such as gyroscope,
accelerometer, magnetometer, and
barometer), and interfaces for GPS,
telemetry, and other peripherals. It
supports various flight modes,
waypoint navigation, and mission
planning.
BATTERY
Drones are powered by
rechargeable batteries, usually
Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries.
The battery supplies electrical
energy to the motors, flight
controller, and other electronic
components.
Ex- 3s, 4s, 6s
RADIO TRANSMITTER
The RF drone transmitter is the
handheld controller that wirelessly
sends control signals to the drone.
It uses radio waves on a specific
frequency to communicate with the
drone's receiver, enabling the pilot
to maneuver the drone and execute
commands for flight control and
other functions.
RECEIVER
The Flysky FS-iA6B RF 2.4GHz 6CH
receiver features PPM output and
an iBus port. It operates on the
2.4GHz frequency, allowing for
reliable and responsive
communication between the
transmitter and receiver. It offers 6
channels and supports PPM output,
making it compatible with a variety
of drone systems and flight
controllers. The iBus port enables
additional functionality and
integration with compatible devices
GPS
Drone GPS is a technology that allows
drones to determine their precise location
and navigate using signals from
satellites. It enables accurate positioning,
waypoint navigation, Return-to-Home
functionality, and geofencing. Integrated
into flight controllers, GPS enhances
drone stability and autonomy, supporting
various applications with reliable outdoor
positioning.
Camera
• A drone camera is the imaging
device that captures photos or
records videos during flight. It
allows drones to capture aerial
imagery for various applications,
providing unique perspectives and
visual data. The camera's
capabilities, stabilization, and
remote control enhance the
drone's imaging capabilities and
functionality.
Gimble
A drone gimbal is a mechanical stabilizer that
holds and controls the camera mounted on a
drone. It helps to keep the camera steady and
level during flight, minimizing unwanted
vibrations and movements. Gimbals typically
use motors and sensors to counteract drone
movements, providing smooth and stabilized
footage or images. The gimbal's primary
purpose is to ensure that the camera remains
stable, allowing for high-quality aerial
photography, videography, and other imaging
applications.
Onboard
Computer
An onboard computer in drones is a
specialized system integrated into the
aircraft. It processes sensor data, performs
flight control algorithms, and enables
autonomous capabilities. The onboard
computer also manages data processing,
payload control, communication with
ground stations, and facilitates
customization and development. It
enhances drone performance, enables
advanced functionalities, and supports
complex tasks such as autonomous
navigation and real-time data analysis.
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR CONCERN
