Wednesday
9 October
th
2024
The fourth
Staff meeting
Paraphrasing
and
summarizing
summarizing
A summary is a short retelling of a longer written
passage, containing the author’s most important
ideas.
As for the summary in the secondary stage,
it is a conditional summary and not a free
summary, meaning that there is always a
question that the student answers in four
sentences, which means that this question
has four or more answers within the
paragraph to be summarized, so the
student searches for them and lists them in
the form of a paragraph.
What is meant by
Paraphrase
Restating information from another
source
using your own words
without changing the meaning.
How to paraphrase
To paraphrase, you need
to:
•change the structure of the
sentence
•change the words in the sentence
Changing the structure of a
sentence
[Link] the original text a number of times and make
sure you understand the main ideas.
2. Write down the main ideas from memory.
3. Compare what you have written with the original
text and make sure you have retained the original ideas
and that your version is different.
Changing the
words
[Link] you understand the main ideas of the original
text, look for specialised words or keywords– these
words may be retained (kept) in the paraphrased version,
as they are key to the meaning of the sentence.
2. Look for words or phrases that can be
changed.
3. Try to think or to use a dictionary to find
synonyms.
some techniques for
paraphrasing
•asserts – claims, argues, maintains
Change vocabulary
•twentieth century – 1900s
by using synonyms •illustrates – explains, emphasises,
clarifies
•analyse – analysis, analysing
Change word class •create – creating, creation
•assume – assumption, assuming,
assumed
•The scientists found that people can’t
Change the live on Mars.
sentence structure
• It was found that we can’t live on
Mars.
