EARTH
SCIENC
E
EARTH SCIENCE
Study of earth and the
universe around it.
Natural material, phenomena,
and natural hazards.
Environmental science:
relationship of environment
and people.
Resources: minerals, water,
soil, and energy
Branches of Earth
Science
Geology
Oceonography
Meteorology
Astronomy
WHAT IS GEOLOGY?
Geology
Greek: “geo” means “earth”
and “logos” which means
“study”
“geologist”
Explore and study the
earth’s crust: coal, oil, gas,
and other valuable resources.
Phenomena such as
earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions
fossils to learn more about the
earth’s past.
WHAT IS OCEANOGRAPHY?
Oceanography
-
Ancient Greek: “Okeanos”
means “ocean” and “graphḗ
means “writing”
The study of the earth’s oceans,
including their physical
features, life forms, and
natural resources.
Study waves, tides, and ocean
currents.
Explore the ocean floor for clues
to the earth’s history and to
locate mineral deposits.
Study marine plant and animal
WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?
Meteorology
study of the earth’s atmosphere,
including both weather and
climate.
Meteorologists use satellites,
radar, and other modern
technology
PAGASA
Observe weather, measuring
wind speed, temperature and
rainfall
WHAT IS METEOROLOGY?
Astronomy
the study of the physical laws
governing the universe and
understand the theories of the
Earth’s origin.
Oldest branches of earth
science. (Babylonians charted the
planets and stars nearly 4000
years ago)
Modern astronomers use earth and
space based telescopes and other
instruments to study the
universe.
Space probes such as Pioneer
Voyager, Galileo, and Ulysses have
provided much useful data.
Impact Hypothesis of
Extinction of the
Dinosaurs
• Paleontology
• Geology
• Astronomy
• Climatology
Paleontology
No dinosaur fossils
exist in rock layers
younger than 65
million years ago.
carbon dating
Geology
A large impact
crater about 65
million years old
exists in the
ocean near
Yucatan peninsula
Astronomy
a layer of iridium
occurs in rocks
about 65 million
year old all around
Earth.
Climatology
models predict
that a large
impact would
change
Earth’s
climate and
affect life on
Earth
The Earth is
continually
changing-
sometimes
rapidly- like with
tornadoes,
earthquakes,
tsunamis but
many changes
occur so
gradually that
they go
unnoticed in a
lifetime.
The Importance of Earth
Science
Understanding how natural forces shape our
environment can help better forecast potential disasters
Studying distant galaxies has led to theories about the
origins of this solar system
Clues found by studying rock have provided information
about the earth’s past.
The earth provides resources that enrich our lives.
( Fuel, Metal, Paper & Ink)
