Module 4: Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management

Concept

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Session I: Overview of DRR

•Overview of DRR
•RA 10121
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Disaster Risk Reduction

The concept and practice of reducing
disaster risks through systematic efforts to
analyze and manage the causal factors of
disasters, including through reduced
exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability
of people and property, wise management
of land and the environment, and improved
preparedness for adverse events.
-UNISDR
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Disaster Risk Management

The systematic process of using
administrative directives, organizations, and
operational skills and capacities to
implement strategies, policies and improved
coping capacities in order to lessen the
adverse impacts of hazards and the
possibility of disaster.
-UNISDR
Disaster preparedness
refers to measures
taken to prepare for
and reduce the effects
of disasters. That is,
to predict and, where
possible, prevent
disasters, mitigate
their impact on
vulnerable
populations, and
respond to and
effectively cope with
their consequences.
Disaster preparedness provides a
platform to design effective,
realistic and coordinated planning,
reduces duplication of efforts and
increase the overall effectiveness of
National Societies, household and
community members disaster
preparedness and response
Disaster preparedness activities
embedded with risk reduction
measures can prevent disaster
situations and also result in saving
maximum lives and livelihoods during
any disaster situation, enabling the
affected population to get back to
Disaster preparedness is
a continuous and
integrated process
resulting from a wide
range of risk reduction
activities and resources
rather than from a
distinct sectoral activity
by itself. It requires the
contributions of many
different areas—ranging
from training and
logistics, to health care,
recovery, livelihood to
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Prevention
The outright avoidance of adverse
impacts of hazards and related
disasters.
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Mitigation
The lessening or limitation of the
adverse impacts of hazards and related
disasters.
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Preparedness
The knowledge and capacities developed by
governments, professional response and recovery
organizations, communities and individuals to
effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from,
the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard
events or conditions.
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MITIGATION
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DRRM

Paradigm shift from To

Reactive Mode Proactive Mode

70’s to 80’s 2004 to Present

Disaster Preparedness & Response

Disaster Risk Reduction &
Management

90’s to 2003

Disaster Management
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DRRM

Paradigm shift from To

Reactive Mode Proactive Mode

• Focused on providing • PMP framework

emergency relief and response • Generally holistic
• Actions are activated during • Actions are focused before
and after a disaster the occurrence of hazard
• Does not consume the whole • It covers: development,
DM cycle as course of action prevention, mitigation,
• It only covers: emergency preparedness and warning
response, rehabilitation and
reconstruction
 Disaster Risk Reduction VS Disaster Risk Management
DRRM

Systematic process of using

Conceptual framework to administrative decisions,
organization, operational skills
minimize vulnerabilities and and capacities to implement
disaster risks throughout a policies, strategies, and coping
society capacities of the society and
communities.

Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness

IFRC DRRM Framework
PRC DRRM Framework
 PRC

DRRM
Framework
Model
 PRC

DRRM
Framework
Model
DRRM Framework
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Session II: RA 10121

• Background
• Highlights
• Salient Features
• Structure
 21 yearsAlways
in theFIRST
making
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7 Congresses

4 Administrations

RA NO. 10121

14th Congress
(2007-2010)
13th Congress
(2004-2007)
12th Congress
(2001-2004)
11th Congress
(’98-2001)
10th Congress
(’95-’98)
9th Congress
(’92-’95)
8th Congress
(’89-’92)
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REPUBLIC ACT No. 10121

AN ACT STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM,
PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK, AND
INSTITUTIONALIZING THE DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN,
APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFORE AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES

"Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Act of 2010"
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Highlights
• Strengthening the Philippine DRRM System (Capacity Building)
 based on the previous NDCC thrust
support to Hyogo Framework for Action
• Creation of National DRRM Framework (Participation)
 provides comprehensive framework (all hazards, multi-sectoral,
inter-agency, and community-based approach) to DRRM
 multi-participatory approach through the inclusion of NGO,
private sector and CSOs in DRRMC
• Institutionalizing the National DRRM Plan (Community
Resilience)
 creation of plan that sets out goals, specific objectives and
actions
 the plan shall provide for the identification of hazards,
vulnerabilities, risks; approaches and strategies in DM, sectors
responsibilities, coordination of members and budget resources
 every sector must be represented
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Salient Features

1. Policy Statements and Terminologies

on DRRM
2. Scope
3. Institutional Mechanisms
4. Operational Mechanisms
5. Training and Education on DRRM
6. Funding (National and Local)
7. Prohibited Acts
8. Penal Clause
9. Sunset Review
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Policy Statements and Terminologies on DRRM Salient Features

• Holistic, comprehensive, integrated, proactive and multi-
sector approach in addressing the impacts of disasters
including climate change
• Includes people’s right to life and property and adherence to
internationally accepted principles, norms and standards in
DRRM and humanitarian assistance
• Mainstreaming DRR and CC in national and local
development plans and processes into the peace process and
conflict resolution
• Gender responsive- and indigenous knowledge-sensitive
DRR and CCA
• Promotion of breastfeeding
• Engaging the participation of CSOs, private sector and
volunteers in DRR
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Scope Salient Features

• Provisions for development of policies and plans and
implementation of actions and measures pertaining to all
aspects of DRRM including

Governance

 Risk Assessment and Early Warning

 Knowledge-building and awareness-raising

 Reducing underlying risk factors

 Preparedness for effective response and early

recovery
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Institutional Mechanisms Salient Features

• DRRM Council Networks from the National,

Regional, Provincial, City, and Barangay
level

• Local DRRM Offices

• Office of Civil Defense

• Accredited Community Disaster Volunteers

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Operational Mechanisms Salient Features

• Emergency Operation Centers

• Coordination during emergencies

• Declaration of State of Calamity

• Remedial Measures

• Mechanisms for the IHAN

• Incident Command System

• End-to-end Early Warning System

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Operational Mechanisms Salient Features

Coordination during emergencies

 The BDRRMC, if a barangay is affected;
 The city/municipal DRRMCs, If two (2) or
more barangays are affected;
 The provincial DRRMC, if two (2) or more
cities / municipalities are affected;
 The regional DRRMC, if two (2) or more
provinces are affected; and
 The NDRRMC, if two (2) or more regions
are affected
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Operational Mechanisms Salient Features

Declaration of State of Calamity

 The National Council shall recommend to the President of the

Philippines the declaration of a cluster of barangays,
municipalities, cities, provinces, and regions under a state of
calamity, and the lifting thereof, based on the criteria set by the
National Council

 The President's declaration may warrant international

humanitarian assistance as deemed necessary.

 The declaration and lifting of the state of calamity may also be

issued by the local sanggunian, upon the recommendation of
the LDRRMC, based on the results of the damage
assessment and needs analysis.
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Training and Education in DRR Salient Features

• Establishment of DRRM training institutes

• Mandatory training in DRR for public

sectors

• Integration of DRR in school curricula

(secondary and tertiary), National Service
Training Program, Sangguniang Kabataan,
and non-formal learning courses or
programs
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Funding Salient Features

• Local DRRM Funds not less than 5% of the Internal Revenue Allotment
(IRA)
 30% shall be allocated for quick response fund or standby fund
Activities
• Relief
• Relief/food commodities
• Medicines
• Other relief support services
• Fuels and lubricants
• Emergency transportation services
• Communication services
• Other MOOE
• Recovery programs
• Housing materials
• Seeds and other farm inputs
• Monitoring and evaluation
• Repair and reconstruction
• Other works or services
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Funding Salient Features

 70% shall be allocated for pre-disaster, post-disaster activities
and for payment of premiums on calamity insurance
 Trainings, conferences and emergency meetings
 Purchase of life-saving equipment, emergency/disaster
preparedness, special vehicles, rubber boats and other equipment.
 Supplies and medicines
 Insurance premiums
 Warning equipment and services
 Communication equipment and facilities
 Rehabilitation (agri, engineering, livestock, fisheries, fowl, forest
and minor forest, coconut, etc)
 Emergency field investigation
 Risk mapping
 Other MOOE
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Funding Salient Features

Unspent LDRRMF shall accrue to a Special

Trust Fund solely for the purpose of
supporting disaster risk reduction &
management activities in the next 5 years
after which it shall revert back to the General
Fund.
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Prohibited Acts Salient Features

• Preventing the entry/distribution of relief goods and
disaster teams/experts in disaster-stricken areas
• Buying, for consumption or resale, from disaster relief
agencies any relief goods, equipment or other aid
commodities intended for distribution to disaster
affected communities
• Buying, for consumption or resale, from the recipient
disaster affected persons any relief goods, equipment or
other aid commodities received by them
• Selling of relief goods, equipment or other aid
commodities intended for distribution to disaster
victims
•Forcibly seizing of relief goods
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Prohibited Acts Salient Features

•Diverting/mis-delivery of relief goods

•Repacking of relief goods, equipment and
other aid
•Substitution of relief goods
•Illegal solicitations by persons/organizations
•Deliberate use of false or inflated data
•Tampering with or stealing hazard monitoring
and disaster preparedness equipment and
paraphernalia
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Penal Clause Salient Features

Violators of those prohibited acts shall suffer a fine

of not less than PhP50,00.00 or any amount not to
exceed PhP500,000.00 or imprisonment of not less
than 6 years and 1 day or not more than 12 years or
BOTH
Sunset Review

To be reviewed every 5 years, or as necessary, to

ensure relevance.
NDRRM Structure

National Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Council

Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Council

Local Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Council
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The National Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Council (NDRRMC) - Section
5
 Secretary, DND as Chairperson
 Four (4) Vice-Chairpersons:
 DILG – Disaster Preparedness
 DSWD – Disaster Response
 DOST – Disaster Prevention and
Mitigation
 NEDA – Disaster Rehabilitation and
Recovery
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The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) - Section 5

 Members: Thirty-Nine (39)

 Fourteen (14) line departments ( DOH, DENR, DA,
DepEd, DOE, DOF, DTI, DOTC, DBM, DPWH, DFA,
DOJ, DOLE and DOT)
 Twelve (12) other government agencies / offices
( Office of the Executive Secretary, OPAPP, CHED,
AFP, PNP, Office of the Press Secretary, NAPC-VDC,
NCRFW, HUDCC, Climate Change Commission,
PHILHEALTH and OCD)
 Two (2) GFIs ( GSIS and SSS)
The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) - Section 5

 One quasi-government agency (Philippine Red

Cross))
 Five (5) LGU Leagues (ULAP, LPP, LCP, LMP and
LnB)
 Four (4) Civil Society Organizations
 One (1) Private Sector Organization
 Executive Director: OCD Administrator with the
rank of Undersecretary
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 The Regional Disaster Risk Reduction

and Management Council (RDRRMC)
 Chairperson: Regional Director, OCD
 V-Chairpersons: RD, DILG
(Preparedness)
RD, DSWD (Response)
RD, DOST (Prevention and
Mitigation)
RD, NEDA (Rehabilitation &
Recovery)
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 Members: Thirty-Six (36)

- Fourteen (14) line departments: DOH, DENR, DA,
DepEd, DOE, DOF,DTI,
DOTC, DBM, DPWH, DFA, DOJ, DOLE and DOT
- Ten (10) other government agencies: OPAPP, CHED,
AFP, PNP, PRC, NAPC-
VDC, NCRFW, HUDCC, Climate Change Commission
and Phil. Health Corp.
- Two (2) GFIs: GSIS, SSS
- Five (5) LGU Leagues: ULAP, LPP, LCP, LMP, LnB
- Four (4) Reps from the Civil Society Organizations
- One (1) Rep from the Private Sector
• Secretariat: OCD Regional Office
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The P/ C/ M Disaster Risk Reduction

and Management Councils
(LDRRMC)
 Chairperson: Governor / Mayor
 Members: Eighteen (18) - Local Planning and Development
Officer; Head of the LDRRMO, Head of the Local Social Welfare
and Development Office, Head of the Local Health Office,Head
of the Local Agriculture Office, Head of the Gender and
Development Office, Head of the Local Engineering Office,
Head of the Local Veterinary Office, Head of the Local Budget
Office, Division Head / Superintendent of Schools of the DepEd,
Highest-ranking Officer of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
assigned in the area, Provincial Director/City/Municipal Chief of
the Philippine National Police (PNP), Provincial Director/City/
Municipal Fire Marshall of the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP),
President of the Association of Barangay Captains (ABC),
Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC), Four (4) accredited
CSOs, and One (1) private sector representative