ENVIRONMENTAL
Case Study on Air Pollution
Title
1. Case Study overview
2. Causes of Air pollution
3. Impacts on Environment
4. Solutions
Presented by:
To Anura sir
Introduction
What is Air Pollution?
Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful
substances in the air, including gases, particulates, and
biological molecules.
These pollutants are harmful to both the environment
and human health.
Importance of Studying Air Pollution
Air pollution is a major global environmental issue.
It affects climate change, human health, and ecosystems.
The need to understand the causes, effects, and
solutions to air pollution is urgent.
Case Study Overview
Focus of the Case Study:
This case study focuses on Delhi, India, one of the
most polluted cities in the world.
Why Delhi?
High pollution levels from industrial, vehicular,
and agricultural sources.
Seasonal air quality deterioration (especially in
winter months).
Delhi’s unique mix of urbanization, industrial
activity, and population density.
Sources of Air Pollution in Delhi
Vehicular Emissions: Delhi has more than
10 million vehicles.
Heavy reliance on diesel and older vehicles
with poor emissions standards.
Industrial Pollution: Emissions from
factories, power plants, and construction
activities contribute significantly to air
pollution.
Burning of Crop Residue (Stubble Burning):
The seasonal burning of rice and wheat crops
in neighboring states like Punjab and Haryana
sends large amounts of particulate matter into
the air.
Dust and Construction Activities: Rapid
urbanization and construction lead to dust
pollution.
Weather Conditions: During winter, low wind
speeds and temperature inversions trap
pollutants close to the ground.
Impact of Air Pollution on Health
Health Impacts:
Respiratory Problems: Increased rates of asthma,
bronchitis, and lung cancer.
Cardiovascular Diseases: Heart attacks, strokes, and other
cardiovascular issues.
Premature Deaths: The WHO estimates that air pollution
leads to over 1 million deaths annually in India.
Statistics:
Delhi’s air quality index (AQI) often reaches hazardous
levels, exceeding 300-400 in winter.
The average life expectancy in Delhi is reduced by 6.5
years due to air pollution.
Environmental Impact
Climate Change:
Air pollutants like carbon dioxide (CO2) and black
carbon contribute to global warming.
Ecosystem Damage:
Polluted air harms plants, reducing crop yields.
Acid rain, caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen
oxides, damages soil and water bodies.
Visibility and Aesthetic Impact:
Smog and haze reduce visibility, affecting
transportation and tourism.
Government Response and Solutions
Action Plan to Combat Air Pollution (Delhi):
Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) A set of actions triggered by
worsening air quality.
Odd-Even Scheme Restricting vehicle use based on license plate numbers
(odd/even days).
Expansion of Public Transport Promoting electric buses and metro services.
Regulation and Enforcement:
Stricter emissions standards for vehicles and industries.
Technological Solutions:
Promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce vehicular emissions.
Introduction of air purifiers in schools and offices.
Public Awareness Campaigns:
Campaigns to reduce personal vehicle use and encourage cycling.
Educational programs about the health risks of air pollution.
Community and NGO Initiatives
Air Quality Monitoring Projects:
NGOs and citizen groups set up air quality monitoring
stations across Delhi.
Clean Air Initiatives:
Advocacy for green zones, urban trees, and
alternative agriculture techniques to reduce stubble
burning.
Public Health Campaigns:
Raising awareness about the importance of wearing
masks and limiting outdoor activity during poor air
quality days.
Conclusion
The Ongoing Battle Against Air Pollution:
Air pollution in Delhi is a complex issue that requires
multi-sectoral solutions.
What Needs to Be Done:
Stronger enforcement of existing laws.
More investment in clean energy technologies and
sustainable urban planning.
Call to Action:
We all have a role in reducing air pollution by adopting
eco-friendly habits, supporting green policies, and
spreading awareness.
References
•WHO Reports on Air Pollution and Health.
•Indian Ministry of Environment, Forests and
Climate Change (MoEFCC).
•Reports from NGOs like Greenpeace India and
Clean Air Asia.
