University of
Benghazi
Faculty of Dentistry
Department of Postgraduates
Studies
The Role of Public Health
in Combating COVID-19
Pandemic
Amina A.
LAGHA
Agenda
What is COVID-19? And what’s a coronavirus?
What is the difference between COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2?
What we know about COVID-19?
How does it spread?
What are the symptoms?
Who is most at risk?
What is the treatment for COVID-19?
Why is it taking so long to make a vaccine?
Agenda
Why the U.S. Is Losing the War on COVID-19
Coronavirus: Things the US has got wrong
Medical supply shortages
Testing delays
Political
squabbles
Social-distancing
failures
South Korea’s Success Against COVID-19
Korea’s Response to COVID-19
Agenda
How South Korea Built a Health System to Beat COVID-19
3T key to South Korea's success in COVID-19 fight
Code of Conduct for the Public
10 Best Practices of the Republic of Korea for COVID-19
How South Korea Successfully Battled COVID-19 While the U.S.
Didn’t
Multimedia:
What is COVID-19? And what’s a
coronavirus?
The term "coronavirus" actually refers to a family of viruses that causes many
different types of diseases, including the common cold. COVID-19 is a "novel
coronavirus," which means it’s a new disease unfamiliar to scientists and doctors.
Its name is actually a mash-up of the words "corona" (CO); corona means "crown"
in Latin (coronaviruses are named for the crown-like spikes on their surface),
"virus" (VI), and "disease" (D). The "19" comes from the year 2019, when the
disease was first detected.
What is the difference between COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2?
COVID-19 is the disease caused by novel coronavirus. Severe Acute Respirat
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) refers to the virus, while Coronavirus
Disease-19 (COVID-19) refers to the disease caused by the virus.
What is the difference between COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2?
The virus that causes COVID-19 is in a family of viruses called Coronaviridae.
Schematic representation of the taxonomy of Coronaviridae. The six human
coronaviruses belong to the Alpha-and Beta-coronaviruses genuses.
Positive Result COVID-2019 Test
Interpretation Of Result
Negative Result
Inconclusive Result
What we know about COVID-19?
The current COVID-19 situation is changing rapidly. We are still learning about how this
new virus spreads and the disease it causes. We know:
The virus causes respiratory disease that can spread from person to person.
Most people experience mild flu-like symptoms, including fever, cough, sore throat
and shortness of breath.
Some people experience severe illness and, sadly, a small proportion die.
Older people and people with underlying medical conditions seem to be more at
risk of severe illness.
How does it spread?
The virus most likely spreads through:
Close contact with an infectious person.
Contact with droplets from an infected person’s uncovered cough or sneeze.
Touching objects or surfaces.
What are the symptoms?
People with coronavirus may experience:
Fever.
Symptoms such as coughing, a sore throat and fatigue.
Shortness of breath.
People with severe illness may have difficulty breathing, which is a sign of
pneumonia and requires immediate medical attention.
It can take up to 14 days for symptoms to show after a person has been infected.
Who is most at risk?
1
People 65 years and older, with one or more chronic medical conditions.
People 70 years and older.
People with a weakened immune system.
Chronic medical conditions include diabetes, lung disease, heart disease,
cancer and kidney failure.
What is the treatment for COVID-19?
Around the world, no medication has been found to safely and effectively treat
COVID-19. Antibiotics do not work on viruses.
There is a huge amount of global effort going in to finding a safe treatment as
quickly as possible.
Some medicines are being investigated through clinical trials, to see how well
they work and if they are safe. There are 90 countries working together with
World Health Organization to find an effective treatment for COVID-19.
Many people who get COVID-19 have relatively mild symptoms. Most recover
over a week or two at home without treatment.
Why is it taking so long to make a vaccine?
The virus that causes COVID-19 is so new and different that it needs its own vaccine.
Existing vaccines do not protect against the virus that causes COVID-19.
It takes time to develop a vaccine from scratch. First it needs to be created, then
researchers need to check it is safe to use. If it is safe, it needs to be manufactured
and distributed on a large scale.
Why the U.S. Is Losing the War on COVID-19
United States, which has just 4 percent of the world’s population but a
quarter of its confirmed COVID‑19 cases and deaths. These numbers are
estimates. The actual toll, though undoubtedly higher, is unknown, because
the richest country in the world still lacks sufficient testing to accurately
count its sick citizens.
Why the U.S. Is Losing the War on COVID-19
The reason there is an incredibly gigantic rise in multiple states is because they
decided to go back to life as usual before.
“It’s a failure of leadership in the national government,” Prof Bloom says. “Our
president effectively said, ‘let’s forget about the epidemic, we have to get the
economy back on track so we can win the election’. That is killing a lot of people.”
Dysfunctional politics, a lack of funding for public health and a rush to reopen the
economy ignited the resurgence of the virus.
In the United States, coronavirus transmission is out of control.
The single biggest miscalculation was rushing to reopen the economy while the
virus was still spreading at high rates through much of the country, experts say.
Things the US has got wrong
Medical supply
shortages
Masks, gloves, gowns and ventilators. Doctors and hospitals across the country.
Healthcare workers to reuse existing sanitary garb or create their own makeshift
gear.
A shortage of ventilators has state officials worried they will soon be forced into
performing medical triage, deciding on the fly who receives the life-sustaining
support and who doesn't.
Testing delays
Testing shortcomings that revealed themselves in March have become acute in
July, with week-long waits for results leaving the country blind to real-time virus
spread and rendering contact tracing nearly irrelevant.
Things the US has got wrong
Political squabbles
Social-distancing
failures
"The virus, we believe, is politically motivated," Spell told a local television
station. "We hold our religious rights dear, and we are going to assemble no
matter what someone says."
Across the country, there have been numerous examples of Americans failing to
heed the calls by public health professionals to avoid close social contact.
1
South Korea’s Success Against COVID-19
What the world can learn from South
Korea’s coronavirus strategy
South Korea’s Success Against COVID-19
South
Your Korea was one of Your
Text Here the Text
earliest
Here countriesYour
to Text
report a significant
Here YourCovid-19
Text Here
outbreak, but since then its number of new cases has dramatically declined. Here's
what we can learn from its response.
Korea’s Response to COVID-19
Korea is effectively responding to the outbreak of COVID-19 by adopting a whole-of-
government approach, under the leadership of the Central Disaster and Safety
Countermeasures Headquarters to prevent and contain the pandemic with the
principle of “openness, transparency and democratic process.”
Add Text Here Add Text Here Add Text Here Add Text Here
Korea’s Response to COVID-19
How South Korea Built a Health System to Beat COVID-
19
Although South Korea faced one of the world’s largest initial COVID-19 outbreaks
outside China, it managed to contain the virus quickly, without imposing a
Your Text Here
nationwide lockdown.
Such strategies should include investment in infrastructure like hospitals and clinics,
as well as initiatives to attract the qualified staff needed to make those institutions
function, including in poor and rural areas. To advance the goal of delivering
Your Text Here
universal health coverage
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique
zing and appeal to your Presentations.
The importance of a reliable and widely accessible health-care system is never more
apparent than during a pandemic. Your Text Here It is now painfully clear that countries cannot
pursue economic development,
You can simply impress your audience and
and addassume
a unique that the health system will develop in
zing and appeal to your Presentations.
tandem. Instead, they must do what South Korea did: devise targeted strategies for
effective health-care delivery that go hand in hand with broader social- and
economic-development efforts.
Over the last decade, South Korea’s modern and robust health infrastructure has
enabled it to cope with multiple major health crises. The COVID-19 crisis has been
no different.
How South Korea Built a Health System to Beat COVID-
19
This was no accident. South Korea’s government began investing in health care –
especially in ensuring that servicesYour
were available to rural communities and the
Text Here
poor – very early in the development process. In the 1950s, the
government established immunization centers in every town and village .
Such strategies should include investment in infrastructure like hospitals and
clinics, as well as initiatives to attract the qualified staff needed to make those
institutions function, including in poor and rural areas. To advance the goal of
delivering universal health coverage.
Your Text Here
You can simply impress your audience and add a unique
zing and appeal to your Presentations.
Effective health-care systems enable longer and more productive lives,
support human-capital development, and underpin sustained economic
growth. They are also essential to protect people from major health shocks like
the COVID-19 crisis and the inevitable pandemics to come. An effective model
exists. Developing countries should emulate it.
3T key to South Korea's success in COVID-19 fight
Test, trace, and treat formula is key to South Korea’s success in the fight against
coronavirus.
In the center of South Korea approach, it followed the 3T [test, trace, treat] to confirm
the positive cases. To curb the spread of the outbreak, we meticulously tracked the
contacts of people with COVID-19 and tried to treat them at the earliest stage.
Code of Conduct for the Public
Do not go out, go to work, or go to school if you are unwell with fever or
respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough, sore throat, muscle pain).
Postpone or cancel nonessential errands, gatherings, dining-outs, events, trips,
etc.
When going out in public, adhere to infection prevention and control measures
including wearing a mask and stay away from enclosed, crowded spaces with
poor ventilation. Remember to avoid three Cs: Crowded places, close-contact
settings, and confined and enclosed spaces.
10 Best Practices of the Republic of Korea for COVID-
19
This information introduces the best practices of the Republic of Korea for COVID-
19 in efforts to share its experience in preventing further spread of COVID-19 with
the international community.
All contents were prepared by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety (MOIS) in
collaboration with the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) and the Korea
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC).
10 Best Practices of the Republic of Korea for COVID-
19
Case 1 | Self-Quarantine Safety Protection App.
Case 2 | Self-Health Check App.
Case 3 | AI Care Call Service (for active monitoring).
Case 4 | Mask Rationing System and Mask Alert Apps.
Case 5 | Informing the Public of Confirmed Cases.
Case 6 | Self-Quarantine.
Case 7 | Screening Stations (Drive-Thru and Walk-Thru).
Case 8 | Living Treatment Centers.
Case 9 | National Safe Hospitals.
Case 10 | Temporary Quarantine Facility.
How South Korea Successfully Battled COVID-19 While the U.S. Didn’t
The COVID-19 outbreak was identified in South Korea and in the United States on
the same day.
The United States is reporting 15 times more confirmed COVID-19 cases and
deaths than South Korea despite having only about six times the population.
Experts say the disparity is due to South Korea ramping up testing more quickly
and implementing preventive measures, such as school closures, earlier.
South Korea is making tentative plans to reopen some public facilities next week
while the United States is expected to keep social distancing mandates in place
for at least another month.
How South Korea Successfully Battled COVID-19 While the U.S. Didn’t
In the more than 2 months since then, South Korea has reduced its rate of new
daily cases to one-tenth of its peak while the United States likely won’t see that
peak for weeks.
The United States has more than six times the population of South Korea, but it’s
reporting more than 15 times the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths.
At that time, the United States had tested around 3,300 people, South Korea had
tested 94,055.
In fact, South Korea was testing more than 10,000 people each day, including in
drive-thru testing sites. In one day, from 4 p.m. Feb. 28 to 4 p.m. Feb. 29, 12,888
people were tested in South Korea, four times the number the U.S. had tested over
the previous month and a half.
COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and deaths in South
Korea
COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and deaths in the United
states
Tackling COVID-19 in South Korea
THANK YOU
Fully Editable Shapes
Fully Editable Shapes
Fully Editable Icon Sets: A
You can Resize without
losing quality
You can Change Fill
Color &
Line Color
FREE
PPT
TEMPLATES
[Link]
Fully Editable Icon Sets: B
You can Resize without
losing quality
You can Change Fill
Color &
Line Color
FREE
PPT
TEMPLATES
[Link]
