Hypothesis
and
Variables
a. Identifying Variables
[Link] Variable Variable being
controlled in the problem,
a.2. Dependent Variable. Variable that changes in
the experiment
b. Hypothesis
b.1. Steps in Identifying hypothesis
b.1.1. Define the problem
b.1.2. Determine variables.
Sample Scenario:
The pechay plants growing in nitrogen-rich soils
for two weeks develop larger leaves than those in
nitrogen-poor soils because nitrogen stimulates
vegetative growth.
What is the problem in the scenario?
What are the variables?
b.2. Writing hypothesis
b.2.1. Make an educated guess including
variables to solve the problem
b.2.2. Phrase it as an if-then statement. …
If pechay plants are grown in nitrogen rich
soils then it will develop larger leaves that
those planted in nitrogen -poor soils because
nitrogen stimulates vegetative growth.
How are you going to improve the hypothesis
statement in the table earlier?
Hint: Use the If..then statement…
1. The bubble gum stain will be removed if oil is
used.
2. The bubble gum stain will be removed if water
is used.
3. The bubble gum stain will be removed if ice is
used.
The learners will be grouped into 4.
Each group will have a respective
station. In each
station, there will be a text that the
learners will read, and based on the
situations, they
will formulate the hypothesis and
identify independent and dependent
variables. Each
group will be given 5 min per
station, then has to move to the
next station.
STATION 1
Manuel is a farmer. He noticed that there are
mice that were pests on their rice crops. Their
harvest of rice crops decreases. The supply of rice
affected their town. Which resulted, to a high
price of rice. He uses three steps. First, he mixed
20g bait phosphorus material into the soil;
second, he places a scarecrow on the farm and
lastly, he planted peppermint in between the rice
crops.
STATION 2
Mary’s mother is a “plantita”. During the Pandemic, she
planted tomatoes. Because of lack of space, some tomatoes
were planted in the garden soil, while others were on the
small pots. She observed that her plant growth and its fruits
differ, although she planted them simultaneously. The
tomatoes planted on the garden receives enough amount of
sunlight. The tomatoes planted on the pots were placed inside
on their house. Both were watered and were given same
amount of fertilizers.
STATION 3
During the Brigada Eskwela, teacher Mara is
cleaning her room. She mops the floor and cleans
the board and chairs. While cleaning, she noticed
bubble gum stains on the wall. She wanted to
remove the stain before she repainted the wall.
She tried to use oil, water and ice to remove the
bubble gum stain.
STATION 3
Joseph loves to eat. One of his favorite food is a
sandwich. He makes it with peanut butter, jams, ham,
and even portions of margarine. His mother bought two
packs of bread. As he was about to prepare his
sandwich, he saw molds on the sides of the bread. He
ran to his mom and told her about the molds. His mom
told him to put a slice of bread inside an air-tight
container, the other slice to put in a paper bag and the
remaining slices, he left in the bread plastics.
Q1. Based on the situations, what are the formulated
hypotheses?
Q2. What are the variables in situation 1? How about in
situation 2? In situation 3? In situation 4?
Q3. How will you formulate your hypothesis?
Q4. Construct your hypotheses and variables based on this
given situation:
“The COVID-19 pandemic affected several countries around
the world. One of the the nation most severely impacted by
the epidemic is the Philippines”.
Three things I
learned ……
Formative Assessment
I. Read the questions
carefully, write your
answer on a sheet of
paper.
1. Which is the independent
variable?
A. the amount of water
C. the times of stirring
B. the amount of sugar
D. the temperature of water
2. Which is the dependent
variable?
A. the dissolving time of sugar
B. the heating time of water
C. the number of granules left
D. the temperature of water
3. Which are the controlled variables?
I. water temperature
II. amount of water
III. amount of sugar
IV. dissolving time of sugar
V. stirring time
A. I, II, III, IV
B. II, II, IV
C. II, III, V
D. I, III, IV
4. Mary wants to know at which
temperature does the salt dissolve
faster in water.
What is the dependent variable in the
situation?
A. the level of water
B. the type of water
C. the source of water
D. the temperature of water
5. How can a scientist know if
his/her hypothesis is effective or
not?
A. rely on wild guess
B. observe from others
C. test hypothesis thru testing
D. conclude based on gathered
info from others
Thank You!!!
