Personality Disorders
Nitin sharma
Associated professor
Introduction
Psychological disorders characterized by
inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that
impair social functioning.
Definition: Personality Disorder
An enduring pattern of maladaptive
behavior
features of these disorders usually become
recognizable during adolescence or early
adult life
causes
Genetic
Biological(Emotionally
affected by abuse neglect)
Psychodynamic theories
(Ego and super ego got
affected by over
protectiveness)
Three Types of Personality
Disorders
Cluster A
Cluster B
Cluster C
Paranoid personality disorder
(Hidden face )
Schizoid personality
disorder
(lack of interest in social relationships)
Antisocial personality disorder
Borderline personality
disorder
Histrionic personality
disorder
Narcissistic personality
disorder
Avoidant personality
disorder
Dependent personality
disorder
Obsessive-compulsive
personality disorder
Types of Personality Disorders
Cluster Disorders Descriptions
Cluster 1- ODD Paranoid Clients are
and ECCENTRIC Schizoid withdrawn and
Schizotypal engage in odd
behavior
Cluster II- Antisocial Clients seek
ERRATIC, Borderline attention
DRAMATIC and Histrionic
EMOTIONAL
Narcissistic
Custer III- Avoidant Clients seek to
AVOIDANT, Dependent avoid or minimize
ANXIOUS and Obsessive- experience
FEARFUL compulsive anxiety
Cluster A
Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal
Defining characteristics of Cluster A:
Eccentric
Withdrawal behavior
Cluster B
Antisocial, Borderline,
Histrionic, Narcissistic
Defining characteristics of Cluster B:
Dramatic
Emotional
Erratic (unreliable)
Likes to be center of attention
Cluster C
Avoidant, Dependent,
Obsessive-Compulsive
Defining characteristics of Cluster C:
Anxious
Fearful
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Paranoid personality
disorder is characterized
by a distrust of others
and a constant suspicion
that people around you.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
They search for hidden meanings in everything and
read hostile intentions into the actions of others.
•They are quick to challenge the
loyalties of friends and loved ones and
often appear cold and distant to others.
They usually shift blame to others and
tend to carry long grudges( long
standing).
Schizoid Personality Disorder
People with schizoid
personality disorder
avoid relationships and
do not show much
emotion
They genuinely prefer to be alone and
do not secretly wish for popularity.
Schizoid Personality Disorder
They tend to seek jobs that
require little social contact
Their social skills are often weak and
they do not show a need for attention or
acceptance
They are perceived as humorless and
distant and often are termed "loners."
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
characterized by a need for social isolation,
odd behavior and thinking, and often
unconventional beliefs such as being
convinced of having extra sensory abilities.
Some people believe that schizotypal
personality disorder is a mild form of
schizophrenia.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
antisocial personality disorder is characterized
by a lack of conscience(sense of right or
wrong)
•People with this disorder are prone to
criminal behavior, believing that their
victims are weak . They tend to lie and
steal
Antisocial Personality Disorder
they are careless with money and take action
without thinking about consequences
They are often aggressive and are
much more concerned with their own
needs than the needs of others.
Borderline Personality Disorder
characterized by mood instability and poor
self-image
People with this disorder are prone
to constant mood swings and bouts
of anger.
Borderline Personality Disorder
they will take their anger
out on themselves, causing
themselves injury
Suicidal threats and actions
are not uncommon
They are quick to anger when their
expectations are not met.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
constant attention seekers
They need to be the center of
attention all the time, often
interrupting others in order to
dominate the conversation.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
They may dress
provocatively or
exaggerate
illnesses in order
to gain attention.
They also tend to exaggerate
friendships and relationships, believing
that everyone loves them
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
characteriz
ed by self-
centerednes
s
They exaggerate their achievements,
expecting others to recognize them
as being superior
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
They tend to be choosy
about picking friends,
since they believe that
not just anyone is
worthy of being their
friend.
They are generally uninterested in the
feelings of others and may take
advantage of them.
Avoidant personality disorder
characterized by a pervasive pattern of
social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy,
and extreme sensitivity to negative
evaluation.
consider themselves to be socially
inept(hopeless) or personally unappealing,
and avoid social interaction for fear of
being ridiculed or humiliated.
Dependent personality
disorder
characterized by a pervasive psychological
dependence on other people.
has difficulty making everyday decisions
without an excessive amount of advice and
reassurance from others
Obsessive Compulsive Personality
Disorder
characterized by a general psychological
inflexibility, rigid conformity to rules and
procedures, perfectionism, and excessive
orderliness.
people with OCPD tend to stress
perfectionism above all else, and feel
anxious when they perceive that things
aren't "right".
THERAPIES
Group therapy
Occupational therapy
Recreation therapy
Interaction and guidance by the therapist.
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Risk for self mutilation r/t parental
emotional deprivation.
Anxiety R/t unconscious conflict
Low self esteem R/t lack of positive feed
back.
Thank you
