BUILDING SERVICE
SYSTEM
BUILDING SERVICE SYSTEM
• Building
services are the
systems installed
in buildings to
make them
comfortable,
functional, efficient
THIS INCLUDES THE FF:
Energy Supply- gas, electricity
Ventilation and
and renewable sources
refrigeration
Heating and air conditioning
Communication lines,
Water, drainage and plumbing
telephones and IT networks
Natural and artificial lighting,
Security and alarm system
and building facades
Fire detection and
Escalators and lifts
protection
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN BUILDING
Modern buildings are built to create better, consistent, and productive environments in
which to work and to live.
-Buildings must be designed with features to provide
Better lighting
Comfortable space temperature, humidity and air quality
Convenient power and communication capability
High quality sanitation
Reliable system for the protection of life and property
• All these desirable features have become a reality with
advances in building M&E systems
• -Block-type buildings without windows, such as
department stores, are totally dependent on
electrical lighting, ventilation and space conditioning
• -High-rise buildings must rely on high-speed vertical
transportation and high –pressure water for drinking
and cleaning purposes and for protection against fire
-IMPACT M&E SYSTEMS ON BUILDINGS:
Demand considerable amounts of floor and ceiling space –
proper space allocation is needed during the preliminary
planning
Add to the cost of construction of a building – sophisticated
buildings, such as research buildings, hospitals, computer
centres
Increase in energy consumption – energy consumed by
occupied buildings, including residential, commercial,
institutional and industrial facilities, account for 50% of all
CLASSIFICATION OF M&E SYSTEMS
Mechanical Systems
• HVAC (Heating, ventilating, and air- Electrical Systems Building Operation
conditioning)/ACMV (Air-conditioning and Systems
• Electrical power –
mechanical ventilation) • Transportation –
Normal, standby, and
• Site utilities – Water supply, drainage, sanitary emergency power Elevators, escalators,
disposal, gas supply moving
supply and distribution
walkways/travelators,
• Plumbing – Water distribution, water treatment, • Lighting – Interior, etc.
sanitary facilities, etc. exterior, and
• Processing – Products,
emergency lighting
• Fire protection – Water supply, standpipe, fire food service, etc.
and smoke detection, annunciation, etc. • Auxiliary – Telephone,
• Automation –
data, audio/video,
• Special systems Environmental controls,
sound, security management, etc.
systems, etc.
• Special systems
• Special systems
CHECKLIST OF BUILDING AND M&E REQUIREMENTS
- A comprehensive checklist that serves to determine the scope of building operational
requirements and from which one can determine the scope and criteria of M&E systems.
-Early identification of these requirements will aid in evaluating construction cost, as
well as the allocation of space for M&E equipment, both within interior and exterior of
the building.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS
• Include heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning
(HVAC)/air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation
(ACMV), plumbing and sanitation (P&S), fire
protection (F&P), and specialty or auxiliary
systems.
HVAC/ACMV SYSTEMS
• Energy source – Electrical power, gas, oil,
coal, central steam, central hot water,
chilled water, etc. (location and capacity)
• Heating/cooling – Central air handling,
direct radiation, in-space unitary
equipment, etc.
• Comfort controls – Number of control
zones, humidity, temperature, etc.
• Central plant – Estimated normal (or
base) and standby capacities, etc.
HVAC/ACMV SYSTEMS
• Heat rejection - Water cooling tower, air
cooled condenser, evaporative cooler, etc.
• Location of equipment – Central
equipment rooms, on floor, on roof, on
ground, etc.
• Ventilation – Outside air requirements
(minimum, high, or 100%)
• Exhaust - General, food preparation, toxic
and special exhaust systems, etc.
• Automation – Building automation system
(BAS), building management system (BMS)
PLUMBING AND SANITATION SYSTEMS
• Energy source – Electrical power, gas, oil, central
steam, hot water, etc.
• Water supply – Public water, river, well, etc.; water
pressure, capacity available, and location
• Hot water supply – Hot water heaters or heat
exchangers
• Sewage disposal – Sanitary, sewers, sewage
treatment plant, septic tanks, drainage and filtering
fields
FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
• Energy source – Electrical power, gas, oil • Smoke containment and evacuation – Smoke
exhaust and pressure controls
• Water supply – Flow rate and available
pressure at water main, location. • Stairway smoke prevention – Stair
Separate service or combination with pressurization
plumbing water supply • Fire annunciation – Fire alarm, public
address, fire department connections
• Water storage – Lake, pond, storage
tanks (locations and capacities) • Fire extinguishing – Portable extinguishers,
automatic sprinklers (water, mist, dry
• Fire and smoke detection – Thermal and
chemical, foam, special gases, etc.)
smoke detectors
• Fire fighting – Fire hose and standpipe
• Fire containment – Fire shutters,
systems Lightning protection – Air terminals,
compartmentalization grounding conductors, etc.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
• -Include power, lighting, and auxiliary systems.
POWER SYSTEMS
• -Normal energy source – Utility power or on-site • -Emergency power distribution – For critical
power (location and capacity); power equipment and emergency lighting loads
characteristics (phase and voltage); service
• -Uninterruptible power systems (UPS) – For critical
entrance (overhead, underground); service
building operations such as computers and
requirements (substations, transformer vaults);
communication networks; power storage (battery
etc.
banks)
• - Emergency power source – Separate utility
• -Power for building systems – HVAC, plumbing,
service or on-site standby generators (location and
sanitary, fire protection, etc.
capacity)
• Power for building operational equipment – Food
• - Interior power distribution – Primary or secondary
service, waste disposal, laundry, garage,
voltages, unit substations, distribution panels, etc.
entertainment equipment, etc.
• -On-floor distribution – Floor boxes, under-floor
• Power for vertical transportation systems –
ducts, integrated cellular floors, raised floors,
ceiling-cavity conduit network, etc. Interface with elevator consultant on power and
controls for elevators and escalators
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
• Basic light source – Incandescent, • Introduction of daylight –
fluorescent, high intensity discharge
Fenestration, skylights,
(HID), etc.
controls, etc.
• Illumination – Lighting levels, colour
rendering, controls • Exit lighting – Exit signs, exit
• Lighting fixtures – In offices and other way (evacuation route) light
work spaces
• Exterior lighting – Site,
• Architectural lighting – Interface
landscape, building facade,
between architect, lighting and/or
electrical consultant on public or aircraft warning lights, etc.
special spaces
AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
• Telephone and telecommunication – Type, number • Transmission – Transmitter and microwave towers
of lines and stations, switchboard (manual, PBX), • Cable – CCTV distribution systems, locations, and
basic and special features, facsimile, modem, etc. interfacing with other auxiliary systems
• Data distribution systems – Multiple conductor • Time and signal – Clock and program systems
cables, twisted pairs, coaxial cables, Fibre optic • Fire detection and alarm systems – Interface with
cables, wire closets, etc. fire protection consultants
• Automatic controls – Interface with HVAC and other
• Public address – Intercom, paging and music
building service consultants
systems
• Security systems – CCTV monitoring, detecting,
• Audio/video – Radio, TV, and signal distribution alarming, controlling, and interface with security
systems consultant
• Satellite dishes – Number, diameter, and • Specialty systems – Numerous specialty systems
orientation for hospitals, research, computer centres, and
industrial, military, or defense facilities, as
applicable
