GROUP 5
ELECTRONICS
Encoders Decoders Multipleters Anthmetic Programmable
Logic
Circuit
Devices
Encoders
- a device that converts the
position, speed, or direction of a
moving part into an electrical
signal. This signal can then be
used for monitoring, control, or
further processing in electronic
systems.
Encoders
- a device that converts the position, speed, or direction of a moving part
into an electrical signal. This signal can then be used for monitoring, control,
or further processing in electronic systems.
- essential devices in
electronics and automation,
used to convert information
from one format to another.
Encoders
- a device that converts the position, speed, or direction of a moving part
into an electrical signal. This signal can then be used for monitoring, control,
or further processing in electronic systems.
- essential devices in electronics and automation,
used to convert information from one format to
another.
- They play a crucial role in various applications, espe
in control systems, robotics, and data transmission. H
an overview of encoders, including their meanings, ty
and applications.
Types Of Encoders:
1. Based on Output Type:
•Incremental Encoders:
• Provide relative position information by generating a series of
pulses as the shaft rotates.
• Commonly used for measuring speed and direction.
•Absolute Encoders:
• Provide a unique digital code for each position, allowing for the
exact position to be known at all times.
• Ideal for applications where the position must be known after
power loss.
Types Of Encoders:
2. Based on Signal Type:
•Analog Encoders:
• Produce an analog voltage or current output that
corresponds to the position.
•Digital Encoders:
• Produce discrete digital signals, often in binary or
code formats.
Types Of Encoders:
3. Based on Sensing Technology:
•Optical Encoders:
• Use light (often from LEDs) to detect position. They typ
have a disc with transparent and opaque sections.
•Magnetic Encoders:
• Use magnetic fields to determine position, often utilizin
magnet and Hall effect sensors.
•Capacitive Encoders:
• Use changes in capacitance to detect position, suitable
high-precision applications.
Types Of Encoders:
4. Based on Mechanical Configuration:
•Rotary Encoders:
• Measure rotational position, commonly used in m
and robotics.
•Linear Encoders:
• Measure linear displacement, often found in CNC
machines and linear actuators.
Application Of Encoders:
UDSNIRIALT ERMOCNUS
ORBICTOS AMIOTNUATO RTOCSINLEEC
Application Of Encoders:
INDUSTRIAL CONSUMER
ROBOTICS AUTOMATION ELECTRONICS
Application Of Encoders:
- ROBOTICS
- INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
- CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
- MOTION CONTROL
- AUTOMOTIVE
Encoders Decoders Multipleters Anthmetic Programmable
Logic
Circuit
Devices
Decoders
A decoder is a circuit that
changes a code into a set of
signals. It is called a decoder
because it does the reverse of
encoding
Decoders
Binary decoders (2-4, 3-8 4-16 decoders) – numbers represent the input bits and
output
BCD Binary-Coded Decimal – Convert BCD into decimal outputs
Demultiplexers- directing a single input signal to one of several outputs based on
select inputs.
Audio/video decoders – decode compressed audio or video back into playable
formats
Address decoders- Used in memory management, translating address inputs to
select specific memory locations.
Instruction decoders - Used in CPUs to interpret machine language instructions and
control execution.
Error correction decoders - Decode and correct errors in data transmission, such as
Reed-Solomon or Hamming code decoders.
Funtion:
Signal Conversion: Convert encoded binary data into readable output formats.
•Address Selection: Select specific memory addresses in computer memory
systems.
•Data Demultiplexing: Route signals to the correct destination in
communication systems.
•Instruction Interpretation: Interpret machine instructions for execution in
CPUs.
•Error Detection and Correction: Identify and correct errors in transmitted
data.
•Display Control: Control segments of displays, such as seven-segment displays.
•Expanding Outputs: Increase the number of outputs from a limited number of
inputs in digital circuits.
Application:
-Computer systems
-Communication
-Consumer electronics
-Embedded systems
-Data transmission
Characteristics:
-Input and output lines- has multiple input lines
and corresponding output lines, uniquely designed.
-Enable outputs- For extra layer of protection
-Active high/ low outputs- Decoders can have
outputs that are active high (output goes high for a
specific input) or active low (output goes low for a
specific input).
Design & Configuration:
Complexity: The decoder complexity increases with the
increase in the number of input lines so careful planning
has to be done in the design of a large decoder.
Speed: The speed of the decoder is an important factor in
applications requiring fast signal processing.
Power consumption: For battery powered devices, power
efficiency becomes an essential consideration in the
design of a decoder.
