COMPONENTS
OF PRESSURE
VESSEL
VESSELS:
Vessels are enclosed containers that hold liquids, vapours,
and gases at a pressure significantly higher or lower than the
ambient pressure where physical and chemical processes takes
place.
a) Vertical Vessels:
Vertical vessels are the cylindrical
pressure vessel that is used when there is
Limited floor space, and the volume of the
vessel is small.
b) Horizontal Vessels:
Horizontal vessels are the cylindrical a) Vertical Vessel
b) Horizontal Vessel
pressure vessel that is used in heat exchangers,
flash drums and settling tanks.
COLUMNS:
A Column is a Vertical vessel with tray
type internals for the separation of liquids and
vapours.
HEAT EXCHANGERS: Distillation
Column
Heat Exchangers is a device used for
transfer of thermal energy (enthalpy) between
two or more fluids at different temperature and
in thermal contact, usually without external
heat and work.
Shell and tube heat
exchanger
BULLETS:
The Bullets are the mounted
cylindrical steel vessel.
Mounted bullets allow
storage of large quantities of gas.
Bullets
UNDERGROUND VESSELS:
The Underground vessels is a
structure that buried beneath the surface
of earth’s ground.
The main advantages of these
vessel includes space considerations, fire
Underground vessels
safety and protection from other elements.
JACKETED VESSELS:
A Jacketed vessel is a container that is
designed
for controlling temperature of its contents, by using
a cooling or heating jacket around a vessel through a
cooling or heating fluid is circulated.
There are several types of jackets, depending
Jacketed Pressure
on
Vessel
the design which includes,
o Conventional Jackets
o Half-Pipe Coil Jackets
o Dimple Jackets
o Plate Coil Jackets
SHELL:
The Shell of a pressure vessel refers to its wall, which is in the
form of different plates and welded together to form a structure
that has a common rotational axis.
Shells are either cylindrical, spherical or conical in shape.
DISHED HEAD:
Dished Heads which is also known as dish ends or tank heads
are the curved structures serves as end closures, providing
strength, structural integrity and sealing properties to the vessel.
There are four basic types of pressure vessel heads or dish
ends.
a) Flat Heads b) Hemispherical Heads
c) Torispherical Heads d) Ellipsoidal Heads
ID- INSIDE DIAMETER, C.R- CROWN RADIUS , H- DISH END TOTAL HEIGHT, SF- STRAIGHT FACE,
K.R- KNUCKLE RADIUS
CONICAL SECTION:
Conical sections are used to make a
gradual reduction in diameter from cylindrical
section to another of smaller diameter.
Conical shapes are used mainly a
bottom end closures or as transition sections
Pressure Vessel – Conical Section
between cylinders with different diameters.
BODY FLANGE:
The two ends of shell are joined with the channel by
means of flanged coupling known as Body Flange.
MANWAY/MANHOLE:
Manway/Manhole are the openings or
access point which serves as a passage and
vent for personnel during installation, repair,
cleaning and maintenance.
Manway/Manhole
DAVIT ARRANGEMENT:
Davit arrangement is a mechanically designed
hinged guide and support system that helps ease
opening and closing of large and heavy blind
flanges.
Davit Arrangement
NOZZLES:
A nozzle is an opening in the vessel through which the
fluid enters or exits the vessel
Nozzle connection to external piping can be welded,
flanged, screwed, or otherwise proprietary. Flanged nozzles
are commonly used however, they are susceptible to fluid
leakage.
FLANGES:
Flange is a method of connecting pipes, valves, pumps
and other equipment to form a piping system.
Flanged joints are made by bolting together two
flanges with a gasket between them to provide a seal.
Common types of flanges includes,
Weld neck flange Socket weld flange
Slip on flange Blind flange
Threaded Lap joint flange
flange
Long weld neck flange Self reinforced
flange
