BY HARSHITHA.S PRIYANKA.N VARUN.K.

P
GUIDED BY :MURALI.C.J DEPT OF SATCOM

(1VI07TE022) (1VI07TE038) (1VI05TE058)

INTERNAL GUIDE :Mrs.ANURADHA.K TE DEPT

 Antenna Setup considering azimuth and elevation angle Access INSAT-3A Receive The Signal From INSAT-3A and Observing It Through Spectrum Analyzer obtain the exact signal containing main lobes and side lobes with a difference of the 30 db connecting the outdoor unit( antenna ) to the indoor unit ( HUB station) after the successful transmission and reception of the signal link is established between hub and remote station using the TRAINNET software the data and video transfer takes place

1. INTRODUCTION

2. VSAT INSTALLATION
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM A TYPICAL VSAT NETWORK IDU AND ODU Via SAT HUB 4. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION 5. DESIGN OF VSAT NETWORKS

6. SOFTWARE SIMULATIONS
7. APPLICATIONS OF VSAT CONCLUSION REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION
SATELLITE
ORBITS SOMETHING SPECIALISED WIRELESS Tx / Rx HUNDREDS OF SATELLITES DIVERSE APPLICATIONS

It Receives uplink frequencies from earth station and translates to downlink frequencies and transmits to earth station after amplification

HOW DO THE SATELLITE WORK

Two Stations on Earth want to communicate through radio

broadcast but are too far away to use conventional means. The two stations can use a satellite as a relay station for their communication One Earth Station sends a transmission to the satellite. This is called a Uplink. The satellite Transponder converts the signal and sends it down to the second earth station. This is called a Downlink.

Satellite Orbits-LEO,MEO,GEO
GEO

MEO LEO

LEO (Low Earth Orbit): Satellite have an altitudes between 250 to 1500km each orbit takes 1.5 to 2 hours Applications: Mobile communication, earth observation, science & military mission MEO (Medium Earth Orbit): Satellite have an altitudes between 20,000km each orbit takes 10 to 12 hours Applications: Commonly used for navigation (such as GPS) as well as Mobile communication and other services GEO (Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit): Satellite are placed at an altitudes of about 35,800km This makes an orbit period of exactly 24 hours Application:, Brocading , VSAT and earth observation and science missions

INSAT-3A
INSAT 3A was launched by Ariane-5 launch vehicle

of Arianespace from Kourou, Guyana. It was placed into a Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO).

SERVICES PROVIDED BY INSAT-3A

Telecommunications Television broadcasting Meteorological Search and Rescue services

VSAT
A very small aperture terminal (VSAT) is a two way satellite ground station with a dish antenna smaller than 3 meters VSAT uses TDMA has a primary access technique The primary job of VSAT is accessing the satellite in geo-synchronous orbit and relaying data VSAT systems can provide a variety of services including broadband communication systems, satellite-based video, audio, internet and data distribution networks worldwide. VSAT have transmission rate up to 4Mbps

FREQUENCY BANDS
Ku BAND
Kurtz-under band Split into multiple segments

Ex-C BAND
Is a name given to certain portions of the electromagnetic

spectrum, including wavelengths of microwaves that are used for long-distance radio telecommunications.

SATELLITE
INSAT-3A
BAND Extended-C Band Ku-Band

Uplink Range (Transmit)

Downlink Range (Receive) 4.5GHz 4.8GHz 11.2GHz-11.7GHz

6.725GHz - 7.025GHz 14.0GHz 14.5GHz

ANTENNA EQUIPMENT (ODU)

VSAT INSTALLATION

AZIMUTH AND ELEVATION

Elevation: The vertical angle measured from the horizon up to a targeted satellite. When the beam axis is parallel to the ground, the elevation is zero. A 90o-elevation rotation points the beam to the zenith. Azimuth: Angle between antenna beam and meridian plane (measured in horizontal plane). The zero reference for measuring true azimuth is north, east is 90o, and south is 180o and west 270o.

IFL CABLES AND SPECTRUM ANALYSER

IFL cables are installed

between the antenna location and the selected indoor equipment rack location.)
Spectrum Analyzers are swept-tuned, super heterodyne receivers that provide a CRT display of amplitude versus frequency.

OPTIMIZATION OUTPUT

Optimization output as seen in spectrum analyzer

TYPICAL VSAT NETWORK

Uplink frequency=6.775Ghz Downlink frequency=4.550Ghz

Hub

Remote Site

= Outbound/Out route/Downstream (HUB to Remote) = Inbound/In route/Upstream (Remote to HUB)

HUB Side components

Up Converter High Power Amplifier

NMS

Modulator
HUB Side Equipments like PP, Codian MCU, Line cards, SUN Server, GCU, DVB Modulator, Routers, switches.,
Local Oscillator

HPA

Down Converter

Low Noise Amplifier

Demodulator
Local Oscillator

LNA

Remote side components

IDU ODU
Feed Antenna dish Video conference System LNB BUC

Modem
Tx

Rx

SPECIFICATION
Satellite - INSAT -3A Antenna radius - 1.98m Up link frequency - 6.775Ghz Azimuth angle - 59 degree Elevation angle 125 degree Down link frequency - 4.550Ghz
Frequency Band C-Band Ex C-Band Ku-Band Ka-Band UPLINK (GHz) 5.925-6.425 6.725-7.025 14.00-14.50 30.00 DOWNLINK (GHz) 3.625-4.200 4.500-4.800 10.95-12.75 20.00

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF Via SAT HUB .

SUN Server SMR
EX-C EX-C

GPS
DVB Modulator
IF

SSPA
EX-C

LNA
EX-C

TDU

Up Converter

Down Converter

CISCO Router
GCU-1

L Band

:
GCU-15
NMS PC

L- Band Splitter

SMR - Source Media Router GCU - Gateway Channel Unit TDU - Timing Distribution Unit

LAN Cable RF Cable

BLOCK DIAGRAM DISCRIPTION

Gateway Channel Unit (GCU) :-

It demodulates the inbound TDMA signals and extracting in to IP packets Cisco Router :Router is working as a gateway between customer networks. Packet filtering and packet forwarding Sun Server :The Sun Server is the heart of the entire HUB system. It contains all the required software, Database, configuration files for the network to function

 SMR(IP Encapsulator) :The router has a connection to the outbound link via the IP encapsulator Intelligent Timing Distribution Unit (iTDU) :The GPS receiver supplies a 10MHz clock to the Link star iTDU this unit then generates a Network Clock Reference (NCR) using the Program Clock Reference (PCR) mechanism and inserts into the MPEG stream. The GPS receiver also provides the clock to the DVB modulator to ensure stability of the DVB signal Low noise amplifier :It adds little noise to the carrier being amplified and at the same time it provides sufficient amplification for the carrier to override the higher noise level present in the following stage.

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
satellite communication system consists of three fundamentals subsystems
1. The Base band subsystems

The RF subsystems 3. The Antenna subsystems

2.

BASE BAND SUBSYSTEM

satellite modem :

we made use of the link star Universal Satellite Modem is a high performance, full duplex and digital modulator and demodulator that meets system requirement.

RF SUBSYSTEM
uplink chain

up converter SSPA LNA down converter

downlink chain

ANTENNA SUBSYSTEM

The antenna carried aboard a satellite provides dual function of receiving the uplink frequency &transmitting downlink frequency . paraboloidal reflector type antenna is made use of.

DESIGN OF VSAT NETWORKS

OVERVIEW OF VSAT NETWORK

Basic components of the VSAT system are

Transmitting earth station Hub station Receiving Earth station

MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES

SCPC

PAMA

DAMA

TDM

TDMA

MFTDMA

MODULATION TECHNIQUES We QPSK is the most widely used modulation technique TYPICAL BIT RATES

VSAT inbound carrier 64-512 MBPS

VSAT outbound carrier 5-36MBPS FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION This is applied to increase the bit rate performance of a circuit and to lower Eb/N0 requirements. Different types of FEC such as VITERBI,TRELLIS,REED SOLOMON ,TURBO CODES are used.

WHAT IS TELEMEDICINE? The delivery of healthcare services where distance is a critical factor ,by all healthcare professionals using information and communication technologies for the exchange of valid information for diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE OF TELEMEDICINE Reaching the unreached Extension of education to doctors TYPES IN TELEMEDICINE Point to point Point to multipoint Multipoint to multipoint

MAJOR AREAS ADOPTING TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGY Tele-Consultation, Tele- diagnosis, Tele-Treatment The patient with the local doctor consults the specialist, obtains treatment Tele-Education, Tele-Training For continuing medical education, Training for doctors and tele medics and paramedics from a higher level hospital/ Institution. Tele-monitoring ,Tele support Regular monitoring for intensive care and emergency care support

PROCEDURE FOR CONFIGURING TRAINET SOFTWARE

1.Install the trainet software in a PC.

2.Select configuration option.

3.In the video server, set the connect and update timer interval as required

4.Enter the IP address of the PC and port number.

5.Enable the receive and transmit options.

6.Enter the number of packets to be sent every Millisecond and the delay.
7.Set the acknowledgment timeout to 4000ms.

SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

DISTANCE LEARNING

VIDEO CONFERENCING

Vital software

ENTRY LIST OF PATIENTS

INTERACTION BETWEEN THE TWO PERSONS VIA VIDEO CONFERNCING

APPLICATION OF VSAT NETWORKS

Tele medicine Military applications EDUSAT Cable Television Direct Broadcast Services VSAT and WLL Disaster management

VSATs in satellite control

Advanced applications

CONLUSION
This project was an earnest effort to learn and measure the performance Of the the VSAT link design. The paramount objective of this project is to design and establish a satellite communication which in other words is known as the sky link, between two stations at a data rate and Using it for voice and data

transmission between these two stations.

REFERENCES
[1] SATELLITE COMMUNICATION by Timothy Pratt, Charles Boston. Second Edition, John Wiley & sons,2003 [2] sky link Manual prepared by SATCOM engineers, ISRO-ISTRAC [3]Space net Manual published by ISRO-ISTRAC Bangalore Web sites: www.isro.gov.in www.spacenet.com