DIRECT – INDIRECT
SPEECH
Compiled by:
MHD. RIZKI FAZRI NST, S.S., [Link]
SHORT EXPLANATION ABOUT
DIRECT – INDIRECT SPEECH?
Conveying the exact words of the
speaker in his own actual words
without any change to another
person is called ‘the Direct
Speech’.
Sam said, “I am going to the
market now”.
Reporting of what a speaker said
in our own words to another
DIRECT – INDIRECT
SPEECH
DIRECT – INDIRECT
SPEECH
DIRECT – INDIRECT
SPEECH
PART 1. DIRECT
SPEECH
Direct Speech
Kutipan asli suatu pembicaraan tanpa
adanya perubahan dengan ditandai diapit
oleh tanda kutip dan kalimat selalu
diawali huruf kapital.
Hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan pada
bentuk Direct Speech, yaitu:
a. Reporting Verb (yang melaporkan) dan
Reported Words (yang dilaporkan)
dipisahkan dengan tanda koma (,).
b. Reported Words dalam kalimat langsung
ditulis dalam tanda kutip.
c. Reporting Verb bisa juga disebut
Reporting Sentence (kalimat pelapor),
Reported Words dapat disebut Reported
Speech (kalimat yang dilaporkan).
d. Letak Reporting Verb tidak harus di awal
EXAMPLE
- Hendra yelled at me: “Don’t leave the
door open!”
- My mother says to my sister: “I have met
your teacher”
- “Where do you live?”, she asked.
- She says, “ I am a clever student.”
- He said, “It is time to go away.”
- She says, "What time will you be home?"
- "There's a fly in my soup!" screamed
Simone.
- John said, "There's an elephant outside
the window."
PART 2. INDIRECT
SPEECH
Indirect Speech
Bentuk indirect speech (kalimat laporan)
ini adalah untuk menceritakan kembali
pembicaraan seseorang dengan
moditikasi tertentu.
Hal-hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam
kalimat tak langsung, yaitu:
a. Antara Reporting Verb dengan Reported
Words dihubungkan oleh kata
penghubung (conjunction).
b. Dalam kalimat tak langsung (Indirect
Speech), tanda kutip (quotation marks)
Ada tiga macam Indirect Speech:
tidak diperlukan.
- Imperative
(command/request)
- Declarative
(statement/affirmative)
- Interrogative (question)
Rules of changing Direct into Indirect Speech
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Simple Present He said that he
“I always drink
Changes to always drank
tea”, he said
Simple Past tea.
Present “I am reading a She said that
Continuous book”, she she was
Changes to said. reading a book.
Past
Continuous
Present Perfect She said, “He She said that
Changes to has finished his he had finished
Past Perfect work” his work.
Present Perfect “I have been to He told me that
Continuous England”, he he had been to
Changes to told me England.
Direct Speech
Indirect Speech
Past Perfect “I had just He said that he
Changes to come back had just come
Past Perfect (No from work,” he back from
change In said. work.
Tense)
Past “We were living They told us
Continuous in Hong Kong”, that they had
Changes to they told us. been living in
Past Perfect Hong Kong.
Continuous
Future Change “I will be in She said that
to Present Italy on she would be in
Conditional Saturday”, she Italy on
said Saturday.
a. Imperative
(command/request)
Yang dilaporkan disini adalah suatu
perintah dan tdak diawali dengan Subjek,
melainkan
RUMUS langsung diawali dengan Verb.
-Positive imperative
DIRECT SPEECH
Tell
Order
Ask
S + Command+, “Verb”
(infinitive)
Beg
Warn
Suggest
INDIRECT SPEECH
Tell
Order
Ask
S + Command +, O + to
infinitive
Beg
Warn
Suggest
Example:
- He said, “Come here!”
He told me to come there.
-“Keep silent!”, she warned.
She warned us to keep silent.
DIRECT SPEECH
Say
S+ Tell +, “aux + S + V
+ O?”
Ask
Question
INDIRECT SPEECH
Say
S+ Tell +, if/whether + S
+P+O
Ask
Question
-Negative imperative
INDIRECT SPEECH
Tell
Order
Ask
S + Command+, O + not to
infinitive!”
Beg
Warn
Suggest
Example:
- He said, “Don’t come here!”
He told me not to come there.
-“Don’t make noise!”, she warned.
She warned us not to keep silent.
c. Interrogative (question)
Bentuk interrogative / question
-Berawalan AUXILIARY
Apabila pertanyaan itu diawali dengan auxilary,
maka akan dipakai kata penghubung if/wheteher
pada ndirect speech nya.
DIRECT SPEECH
Say
S+ Tell +, “aux + S + V
+ O?”
Ask
Question
INDIRECT SPEECH
Say
S+ Tell +, if/whether + S
+P+O
Ask
Question
Example:
- He asked, “Will you visit me tomorrow?”
He asked me whether I would visit him
the next day.
-“Can you help us?” they asked.
They asked me whether I could help
them.
Bentuk interrogative / question
-Berawalan kata tanya (question word)
Apabila pertanyaan itu diawali dengan auxilary,
maka akan dipakai kata penghubung if/wheteher
pada ndirect speech nya.
DIRECT SPEECH
Say
S + Tell +
“QW+aux+S+ V + O?”
Ask
Question
INDIRECT SPEECH
Say
S+ Tell +QW + S + P + O
Ask
Question
Example:
- He asked, “When will you visit me?”
He asked me when would visit him.
-“How can you help us?” they asked.
They asked me how I could help them.
FAUZAN Said,’ I will go
next week.”
Fauzan said, “He would go
the following week’.
