Health Promotion III
Session Four
Prenatal Development
• Amazing Animation of a Fetus Growing in the
Womb
• https
://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_twYPeBSRg
Fertilization
Elsevier items and derived items © 2011, 2007,
3
2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Prenatal Development
Embryo at 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks
Elsevier items and derived items © 2011, 2007,
4
2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.
Placenta and Fetal Circulation
• What is the role of the placenta?
• What substances do not pass from the mother
to the fetus via the placenta?
• What is meant by the placental barrier?
• Describe fetal circulation.
– How is it different from circulation in the neonate?
– What happens at the moment of birth?
Fetal Circulation
• Fetal Circulation
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
4Jok63Q0EN4
Maternal-Fetal Circulation
Elsevier items and derived items © 2011, 2007, 2006 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 7
Accessory Structures
• Discuss the structure and function of the
umbilical cord.
• Discuss the structure and function of the
amniotic sac and its fluid.
Hormones of Pregnancy
• Discuss the function of each of the following
hormones during pregnancy
– Estrogen
– Progesterone
– hCG – human chorionic gonadotropin
– hPL – human placental lactogen
Prenatal Care and Adaptations to
Pregnancy
Phases of Pregnancy
• Discuss the following terms:
– Antepartum
– Intrapartum
– postpartum
Prenatal Care
• What is the schedule for prenatal visits with
the primary care provider?
• What are the components of a prenatal visit?
• What diagnostic tests are conducted at the
prenatal visit?
Physiology of a Normal Pregnancy
Key terms
• Gravida
• Para
• Abortion
• Gestational age
• Estimated date of delivery
• Age of viability
Exercise
• Using the case study provided by your
instructor, determine the estimated date of
delivery (EDD) using Nagele’s Rule.
• Determine gravida and para for this case
study.
Signs of Pregnancy
• Presumptive Signs
• Probable Signs
• Positive Signs
Question: Why is a positive pregnancy test
considered a probable sign and not a positive
sign?
Striae on the Breasts
Striae on the Abdomen
Checking Fundal Height
Uitrasound of the Fetus
Health Promotion
• Lifestyle and Risk Factors During Pregnancy
– Medications
– Saunas, hot tubs, and hot baths
– Smoking
– Alcohol
– Street drugs
– Abuse
– Sexually transmitted infections
Physiological changes during pregnancy
Activity
• In groups, research the physiological changes
to body systems during pregnancy?
– Endocrine system
– Reproductive system
– Respiratory system
– Cardiovascular system
– Gastrointestinal system
– Urinary system
Supine Hypotension Syndrome
Compression of Abdominal Contents as
Pregnancy Progresses
Health Promotion
• What are the guidelines for nutrition during
pregnancy?
• How much weight should a woman gain
during pregnancy?
• What are the guidelines for exercise during
pregnancy?
