MATERILAS AND
GLASS AS A BUILDING MATERIAL METHODS IN
BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
ANUGRAH ANEESH
4SN19AT012
SSA MANGALORE
GLASS
WHAT IS GLASS ?
GLASS, AN INORGANIC SOLID MATERIAL THAT IS USUALLY TRANSPARENT
OR TRANSLUCENT AS WELL AS HARD, BRITTLE, AND IMPERVIOUS TO THE
NATURAL ELEMENTS.
HOW IS IT MADE ?
IT IS MADE BY COOLING MOLTEN INGREDIENTS SUCH AS SILICA
SAND WITH SUFFICIENT RAPIDITY TO PREVENT THE FORMATION
OF VISIBLE CRYSTALS.
TYPES OF GLASSES
PLATE GLASS
IT IS MADE BY COOLING MOLTEN
INGREDIENTS SUCH AS SILICA SAND WITH
SUFFICIENT RAPIDITY TO PREVENT THE
FORMATION OF VISIBLE CRYSTALS
DECORATIVE GLASS
GLASS THAT IS USED FOR MORE THAN JUST A
FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE DESIGNED TO BE PRETTY
OR CHANGE THE LOOK OF THE SPACE IN WHICH IT
IS USED IS DECORATIVE GLASS (ALSO KNOWN AS
ORNAMENTAL GLASS STAINED GLASS IS ALSO A
TYPE OF DECORATIVE GLASS
STAINED GLASS
• THE COLOURED GLASS USED FOR
MAKING DECORATIVE WINDOWS
AND OTHER OBJECTS THROUGH
WHICH LIGHT PASSES. STRICTLY
SPEAKING, ALL COLOURED GLASS
IS “STAINED,” OR COLOURED BY
THE ADDITION OF VARIOUS
METALLIC OXIDES WHILE IT IS IN A
MOLTEN STATE.
• COLOURED WITH METALLIC
OXIDES WHILE IN A MOLTEN STATE
—COPPER FOR RUBY, COBALT FOR
BLUE, MANGANESE FOR PURPLE,
ANTIMONY FOR YELLOW, IRON
FOR GREEN
LAMINATED GLASS
• OFFERING A TOUGH, ROBUST STRUCTURE
THAT IS HARD TO BREAK.
• LAMINATED GLASS IS CONSTRUCTED OF TWO
PLIES OF GLASS WHICH ARE BONDED
TOGETHER WITH INTERLAYERS TO FORM A
PERMANENT BOND.
• THE INTERLAYERS WORK TO SUPPORT AND
HOLD THE GLASS TO CREATE A STRONG,
UNIFORMED LAYER EVEN WHEN BROKEN.
•
FIBRE GLASS
• FIBROUS FORM OF GLASS THAT IS USED PRINCIPALLY AS
INSULATION AND AS A REINFORCING AGENT IN PLASTICS.
• FOR PRODUCING CONTINUOUS FIBRE THE LIQUID IS FED
INTO A BUSHING, A RECEPTACLE THAT IS PIERCED WITH
HUNDREDS OF FINE NOZZLES THROUGH WHICH THE
LIQUID ISSUES IN FINE STREAMS.
• THE SOLIDIFYING STREAMS ARE GATHERED INTO A
SINGLE STRAND, WHICH IS WOUND ONTO A SPOOL.
STRANDS CAN BE TWISTED OR PLIED INTO YARNS,
WOVEN INTO FABRICS, OR CHOPPED INTO SHORT PIECES
AND THEN BONDED INTO MATS.
GLASS ETCHING
GLASS ETCHING IS WHERE YOU
TAKE A DESIGN AND PUT IT ONTO A
PIECE OF GLASS, WHETHER THAT’S
A SHEET OF GLASS
GLASS MURAL
PAINTINGS ON GLASS , USUALLY DONE IN COLOR
IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF GLASS
• IT ABSORBS, REFRACTS OR TRANSMITS LIGHT.
IT CAN BE MADE TRANSPARENT OR
TRANSLUCENT.
• IT CAN TAKE EXCELLENT POLISH.
• IT IS AN EXCELLENT ELECTRICAL INSULATOR.
• IT IS STRONG AND BRITTLE.
• IT CAN BE BLOWN, DRAWN OR PRESSED.
• IT IS NOT AFFECTED BY ATMOSPHERE.
• IT HAS EXCELLENT RESISTANCE TO
CHEMICALS.
• IT IS AVAILABLE IN VARIOUS BEAUTIFUL
COLOURS.
• WITH THE ADVANCEMENT IN TECHNOLOGY, IT
IS POSSIBLE TO MAKE GLASS LIGHTER THAN
CORK OR STRONGER THAN STEEL.
• GLASS PANES CAN BE CLEANED EASILY.
TYPES OF GLASS IN CONSTRUCTION
THE GLASS MAY BE BROADLY
CLASSIFIED AS:
• SODA-LIME GLASS
• POTASH LIME GLASS
• POTASH LEAD GLASS
• COMMON GLASS
• SPECIAL GLASSES.
SODA LIME GLASS
IT IS MAINLY A MIXTURE OF SODIUM SILICATE AND CALCIUM
SILICATE. IT IS FUSIBLE AT LOW TEMPERATURE. IN THE FUSION
CONDITION IT CAN BE BLOWN OR WELDED EASILY. IT IS
COLOURLESS. IT IS USED AS WINDOW PANES AND FOR THE
LABORATORY TUBES AND APPARATUS.
POTASH LIME GLASS
IT IS MAINLY A MIXTURE OF POTASSIUM SILICATE AND CALCIUM
SILICATE. IT IS ALSO KNOWN AS HARD GLASS. IT FUSES AT HIGH
TEMPERATURE. IT IS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASS
ARTICLES WHICH HAVE TO WITHSTAND HIGH TEMPERATURES.
POTASH LEAD GLASS
IT IS MAINLY A MIXTURE OF POTASSIUM SILICATE AND LEAD
SILICATE. IT POSSESSES BRIGHT LUSTRE AND GREAT REFRACTIVE
POWER. IT IS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL GEMS,
ELECTRIC BULBS, LENSES, PRISMS ETC.
COMMON GLASS
IT IS MAINLY A MIXTURE OF SODIUM SILICATE, CALCIUM SILICATE
AND IRON SILICATE. IT IS BROWN, GREEN OR YELLOW IN COLOUR.
IT IS MAINLY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MEDICINE BOTTLES.
SPECIAL GLASSES
PROPERTIES OF GLASSES CAN BE SUITABLY ALTERED BY
CHANGING BASIC INGREDIENTS AND ADDING FEW MORE
INGREDIENTS. IT HAS NOW EMERGED AS VERSATILE MATERIAL TO
MEET MANY SPECIAL REQUIREMENT IN ENGINEERING.
THE FOLLOWING IS THE LIST OF SOME OF THE SPECIAL GLASSES:
•FIBER GLASS
•FOAM GLASS
•BULLET PROOF GLASS
•STRUCTURAL GLASS
•WIRED GLASS
•PERFORATED GLASS.
WHY GLASS IS USED IN BUILDING
CONSTRUCTION
• UNLIKE ANY OTHER MATERIAL, GLASS CAN TRANSMIT, ABSORB
OR REFRACT LIGHT.AS A RESULT, IT CAN BE BOTH
TRANSLUCENT AND TRANSPARENT. SUCH CHARACTERISTICS
ADD EXTRAORDINARY BEAUTY TO YOUR BUILDING.
• GLASS CAN TRANSMIT 80% OF DAYLIGHT IN ALL DIRECTIONS.IT
CAN DO SO WITHOUT ANY WEATHERING, CLOUDING OR
YELLOWING.
• IT IS WEATHER RESISTANT.GLASS CAN WITHSTAND EFFECTS OF
RAIN, WIND AND THE SUN WITHOUT LOSING ITS INTEGRITY
AND APPEARANCE.
• GLASS IS ALSO RUST RESISTANT. UNLIKE ANY OTHER, IT WON’T
DEGRADE BY CHEMICAL AND THE SURROUNDING
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS.
• IT HAS A SMOOTH AND GLOSSY SURFACE. AS A RESULT, GLASS
IS DUST-PROOF AND THUS EASY TO CLEAN.
• .IT IS ECONOMIC. CONSIDER THE FACT THAT GLASS
SAVES ENERGY BY ALLOWING IN NATURAL LIGHT EVEN
WHEN YOU CLOSE YOUR WINDOWS AND DOORS. IT ALSO
SAVES YOU ON THE ELECTRICITY BILL COST.
• YOU ARE MUCH SAFER FROM ELECTRIC HAZARDS. THE
GLASS IS A VERY EXCELLENT INSULATOR. IT IS THUS
IMPOSSIBLE FOR IT TO CONDUCT ELECTRIC CURRENT.
• VARIETY OF COLORS. WHEN YOU COMBINE THE GLASS
IN INSULATED OR LAMINATED UNITS, IT CHANGES IN
COLOR AND APPEARANCE.
• GLASS CAN BE PRESSED, BLOWN AND DRAWN TO ANY
SHAPE. CONSEQUENTLY, IT IS USED IN BUILDINGS, SHOP
FRONTS, WINDOWS AND DOORS. AFTER LAMINATION
WITH PLYWOOD OR A METAL SHEET, YOU CAN ALSO USE
IT FOR FURNITURE.
• IT IS ESPECIALLY EXCELLENT FOR SHOWROOMS AND
SHOWCASES. GLASS PROVIDES THE MEANS TO
SHOWCASE A PRODUCT..
THANK YOU
