Produce Organic
Fertilizer
CHARACTERISTICS
OF GOOD
COMPOSTING SITE
Objectives
After successful completion of this topic, you should be
able to:
1. determine the good composing Site
COMPOSTING
has been used as a means of recycling organic matter back
into the soil to improve soil structure and fertility.
has received much attention in recent years because of
pollution concerns and the search for environmentally
sound methods for treating waste.
Why composting is very important?
1. Healthier plants.
2. Composting saves your money.
3. Composting is practical and convenient.
4. Composting is a good alternative to land filling
Good site selection:
• area without rain and direct sunlight
• flood free
• accessible to water supply and source of compost
materials
“SELF CHECK”
QUIZ 1.1
1. What are the desirable characteristics for composting
sites?
a) inappropriate type of soil
b) added toxic chemicals on products
c) area with minimal sunlight
d) add more chemical on soil
2. Why composting?
a) is not useful to convert organic waste to useful products
b) Healthier plants
c) can’t helps to optimize nutrient management
d) none of the above
3. What is compost?
a) Compost consists largely of decayed carbon-based matter like
fruits, vegetables, manure, grasses, dead leaves, and woody
debris
b) Compost are composed of non decayed matter
c) Compost are prone in synthetic chemicals
d) both a and c
4. What are the importance of good drainage system for selecting
good composting site?
a) For landslide
b) leaching soil
c) Flood free
d) soil erosion
5. What are the importance of Good composting site? except
a) To manage well
b) To select good land field
c) To maximize the composting area
d) To contaminate the site
6. How to avoid the area with minimum contamination?
7. To prevent soil erosion
8. To minimize using of chemicals
9. To maximize of using synthetic fertilizers
10.To promote soil pollution
7. What are the uses and benefits of compost?
a) source of synthetic fertilizers
b) as soil fertilizer
c) as source of chemicals
d) none of the above
8. What are we need to consider selecting good composting site?
a) Away from septic tank
b) Away from drainage
c) behind from canal
d) all answers are correct
9. Why we need to consider the characteristics of minimal
sunlight for selecting good composting site?
a) To avoid the mortality rate of good microbs
b) To avoid direct sunlight it increase water evaporation
c) To promote humidity
d) all answer are correct
10.How to prepare a composting area?
a) Choose your ideal location for compost bin
b) Consider the proper area
c) a and b are correct
d) none of the above
RAW MATERIALS
USED FOR
COMPOSTING
Objective
After reading this Information Sheet, you should be able to:
1. Identify common raw materials for composting.
2. Ensure proper decomposition of raw materials for plants
use
What is decomposing?
The process of breaking down of solid matter back to its
original form, where nutrients can be available for the use of
the plants as fertilizers.
Types of Composting
To ensure proper composting, these steps must be adhered to in
order to have success in production of high quality organic
fertilizer.
Common raw materials available at your farm:
• Grass clippings
• Forage grasses
• Kitchen refuse
• Animal waste (except dogs and cats)
• Wood shaving
• Rice hull
Properties of nitrogen sources
Nitrogen sources come in many forms, but generallyin farming are
call green fertilizers.
Sources of nitrogen sources
Fresh cut leaves
grass
Animal manure
chicken
cows
hogs and even rabbits have the same high nitrogen content level.
Properties of carbon sources
Carbon sources of commonly known as brown fertilizers.
These are also generally available at the farm but some may not be as
these are some, most of the time by product of manufacting,
including rice hull as produced by milling the rice, or wood shaving,
when wood is cut.
What action may be taken?
The first step is to develop the sources of these materials
and determine how they can be delivered to your farm.
You cannot expect that all items can be available at your
farm so its key to check other sources for sustainable
production.
Green sources have to be obtained on the very day the
mixing will be performed, usually in the morning to ensure
that nutrients are still at the leaves and no on the roots, when
the harvesting of green materials was done in the afternoon.
Brown Sources can be acquired in advance and store at dark
and dry place.
Mixing of raw materials
Once proper ratio has been determined, mix the materials and
ensure proper distribution of ALL raw materials in order to
distribute the decomposing
“SELF CHECK”
QUIZ 1.2
1. The following are examples of green fertilizers except for
a) Grass clippings
b) Saw dust
c) Kitchen refuse
d) Forage grasses
2. Which is not a raw material for composting?
a) Animal Manure
b) Grass clippings
c) mud, dirt, and grease
d) Forage grasses
3. What is the Selecting raw materials for green fertilizers?
a) Young and healthy leaves
b) Dry roots
c) Sick and moldy
d) None of the above
4. It is a tool used to mix all materials needed
a) Shovel
b) Water
c) Tape measure
d) Logbook
5. It is a process of not letting air in the compost to ensure
speedy decomposition
a) Aeration
b) Aerobic
c) Anaerobic
d) Recording
