Chemical Nomenclature
Prepared by:
Rhena Mae E. Rodriguez
OUTLINE
What is Chemical Nomenclature
History
Rules on Naming Compounds
Chemical Nomenclature
• systematic method of naming chemical compounds.
• It is used to identify a chemical species by means of witten or spoken
words.
History
• Antoine Lavoisier and the Birth of Modern Chemistry (Late 1700s).
• "Father of Modern Chemistry," Lavoisier introduced a systematic approach to
chemical nomenclature in his seminal work, "Méthode de Nomenclature
Chimique" (Method of Chemical Nomenclature), published in 1787.
• Berzelius and the Symbolic Notation (Early 1800s)
• Jöns Jacob Berzelius (1779-1848): Introduced the use of letters to symbolize
elements, laying the foundation for the modern periodic table. This helped in
the development of chemical formulas and more precise nomenclature.
• Symbols: Each element was represented by one or two letters (e.g., H for
hydrogen, O for oxygen).
• IUPAC and Standardization (20th Century)
• Formation of IUPAC (1919): The International Union of Pure and Applied
Chemistry (IUPAC) was established to standardize chemical nomenclature
globally.
• Rules and Guidelines: IUPAC developed comprehensive rules for
naming organic and inorganic compounds, ensuring consistency and
clarity.
• Organic Nomenclature: Introduced systematic naming for
hydrocarbons and their derivatives, using prefixes, suffixes, and infixes
to denote the structure and functional groups.
Rules in Naming Compounds
1. Determine if Ionic or Molecular.
Ionic- if it has metals.
Molecular- if it has two nonmetals.
EXAMPLE:
FeCl2= Ferus (II) Chloride -> Ionic
CO2= Carbon Dioxide -> Molecular
Rules in Naming Compounds
2. Change the name of the second compound into ‘ide’.
EXAMPLE:
Fluorine = Fluoride
Oxygen = Oxide
Chlorine = Chloride
CO2 = Carbon dioxide
Rules in Naming Compounds
3. For Ionic Compound:
Check if it has a transition metal.
Insert a roman numeral after the name of the metal to indicate the
transition metal charge.
EXAMPLE:
FeCl2= Iron (II) Chloride
Rules in Naming Compounds
When to put Roman Numeral:
1. Transition metal with multiple oxidation states:
NOTE:
Oxidation State
refers to the gain or
loses of electron.
if gained
electron(s)=
Negative oxidation
if loses electron(s)=
Positive oxidation
Rules in Naming Compounds
EXAMPLE:
FeCl 2: Iron(II) chloride (where iron has a +2 oxidation state)
FeCl3: Iron(III) chloride (where iron has a +3 oxidation state)
Rules in Naming Compounds
When to put Roman Numeral:
2. Other metals with Variable Oxidation State:
Rules in Naming Compounds
EXAMPLE:
PbCl2: Lead (II) Chloride
SnCl2: Tin (II) Chloride
Rules in Naming Compounds
When to put Roman Numeral:
2. Certain P-block elements (elements from group 13-18).
Rules in Naming Compounds
EXAMPLE:
SbCl3: Antimony (III) Chloride
SbCl5: Antimony (V) Chloride
Rules in Naming Compounds
4. See if you need prefixes .
Rules in Naming Compounds
EXAMPLE:
N2O5= Dinitrogen pentoxide
CO= Carbon monoxide
ACTIVITY!
Name the compund.
Ferus (III) chloride
FeCl3
Carbon tetrachloride
CCl4
Sulfur dioxide
SO2
Lead (II) oxide
PbO
PbCl5
Phosphorus pentachloride
Spiritual Implication
“Fear not for I have redeemed you; I have called you
by name, you are Mine.”
Isaiah 43:1
As an earthly shepherd knows his sheep, so does the divine shepherd know
His flock that are scattered throughout the world. “Ye my flock, the flock of
my pasture, are men, and I am your God, saith the Lord God.” Jesus says, “I
have called thee by thy name; thou art mine.” “I have graven thee upon the
palms of my hands” (Ezekiel 34:31; Isaiah 43:1; 49:16).
1. NaCl
2. H2O2
3. PCl5
4. NO
5. NH3
