Introduction to
Matrices
Matrices are powerful tools in mathematics that can be used to represent and
solve systems of equations. They are arrays of numbers arranged in rows and
columns.
SUBMITTED BY:
Sushree Subhalakshmi Rout (2101020031)
Harsh Pratap Singh (2101020462)
Jayadev Behera (2201020617)
R.Shivatej (2201020535)
Definition and Properties of Matrices
Definition Properties Types
A matrix is a Matrices have various There are different
rectangular array of properties, including order, types of matrices,
numbers, symbols, or transpose, and addition and including square,
expressions arranged multiplication operations. diagonal, identity, and
in rows and columns. zero matrices.
Matrix Operations
1 Addition 2 Subtraction
Matrices of the same order can be Matrices of the same order can be
added by adding their subtracted by subtracting their
corresponding elements. corresponding elements.
3 Multiplication 4 Scalar Multiplication
Matrix multiplication involves Multiplying a matrix by a scalar
multiplying rows of the first matrix involves multiplying each element
with columns of the second matrix. of the matrix by the scalar.
Determinants of Matrices
Introduction
The determinant of a square matrix is a scalar value that represents certain
properties of the matrix.
Calculation
For a 2x2 matrix, the determinant is calculated by subtracting the product of
the diagonal elements.
Applications
Determinants are used in finding inverses, solving systems of equations,
and calculating eigenvalues.
Applications of Determinants
System of Equations Determinants are used to solve systems
of linear equations using Cramer's rule.
Eigenvalues Determinants are crucial in finding
eigenvalues of matrices, which are
essential in linear algebra and related
fields.
Geometric Transformations Determinants are applied in geometric
transformations, such as rotations and
reflections.
Inverse Matrices
Definition Calculation
An inverse of a square matrix is a The inverse of a matrix can be
matrix that, when multiplied by the calculated using various methods,
original matrix, results in the identity including the adjugate matrix method.
matrix.
Applications
Inverse matrices are used to solve systems of linear equations and in various
applications, including cryptography.
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
Eigenvectors Eigenvalues Applications
Eigenvectors are non-zero Eigenvalues are scalar Eigenvalues and
vectors that, when values that represent the eigenvectors find
multiplied by a matrix, scaling factor of the applications in various
only change in scale, not corresponding fields, including physics,
direction. eigenvectors. engineering, and computer
science.
Conclusion and Summary
Matrices are fundamental concepts in mathematics with numerous applications in
various fields. They provide a powerful tool for representing and solving systems
of equations, along with numerous other uses.
