Essential Life Processes Explained
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Naseem Swabah Vakkattu MarathayilEssential Life Processes Explained
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Naseem Swabah Vakkattu MarathayilLIFE
PROCESSE
S
BY NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Introduction to Life
Processes
o Life processes are essential activities
living organisms perform to maintain
their existence.
o These processes ensure survival, growth,
and reproduction They include nutrition,
respiration, transportation, excretion,
control and coordination, growth, and
reproduction.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Nutrition
o Nutrition involves the intake and
utilization of food to provide energy
and build body tissues.
o Autotrophic nutrition occurs in
plants that produce their food
through photosynthesis.
o Heterotrophic nutrition is seen in
animals and humans, which depend on
other organisms for food.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Autotrophic Nutrition
o Photosynthesis is when green plants and
some bacteria convert light energy,
carbon dioxide, and water into glucose
and oxygen.
o This process occurs in chloroplasts and
is vital for the ecosystem as it produces
oxygen and serves as the basis of the
food chain.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Heterotrophic Nutrition
o Heterotrophic nutrition involves
obtaining ready-made organic molecules
from other organisms.
o It includes holozoic (ingestion of solid
food), saprophytic (feeding on dead
organic matter), and parasitic (obtaining
nutrients from living hosts) modes of
nutrition.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Human Digestive System
o The human digestive system comprises the
alimentary canal and digestive glands.
o The process begins in the mouth, where food is
chewed and mixed with saliva
o It passes through the esophagus to the
stomach, where gastric juices break it down
further.
o Nutrient absorption occurs in the small
intestine, and waste is expelled through the
rectum.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Respiration in Organisms
o Respiration is the process of releasing energy
from food.
o In aerobic respiration, oxygen is used to break
down glucose into carbon dioxide, water, and
energy.
o Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of
oxygen, producing less energy and often
resulting in lactic acid or alcohol.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
AEROBIC
RESPIRATION
o Aerobic respiration involves the
complete breakdown of glucose into
carbon dioxide and water, releasing a
large amount of energy (ATP) that
powers cellular activities.
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NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
o Anaerobic respiration occurs when oxygen is
not available, leading to the incomplete
breakdown of glucose and the production of
lactic acid (in animals) or ethanol and
carbon dioxide (in yeast and some
bacteria).
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NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Transportation in Plants
o Plants have two main transport systems:
xylem and phloem.
o Xylem transports water and minerals from
roots to other parts of the plant.
o Phloem carries the products of
photosynthesis, mainly sugars, from
leaves to other parts of the plant for
growth and storage.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Circulatory System in Humans
o The human circulatory system comprises the
heart, blood, and blood vessels.
o The heart pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs
to the body and returns deoxygenated blood to
the lungs for oxygenation.
o Arteries, veins, and capillaries are the main
blood vessels involved in this process.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
EXCRETION IN ANIMALS
o Excretion is the process of removing
metabolic waste from the body.
o In humans, the excretory system includes
the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and
urethra.
o The kidneys filter blood to form urine,
which is then stored in the bladder and
expelled from the body.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
EXCRETION IN PLANTS
o Plants excrete waste products like
oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor
through stomata in leaves.
o Excess water is also excreted through
transpiration.
o Some plants store waste in leaves,
bark, or fruits that are eventually
shed.
NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU
MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
Role of Enzymes
o Enzymes are biological catalysts that
speed up chemical reactions in the body
without being consumed.
o They play crucial roles in digestion,
respiration, and other metabolic
processes.
o Each enzyme is specific to a particular
reaction or type of reaction.
THANK YOU
BY NASEEM SWABAH VAKKATTU MARATHAYALIL
CLASS - 10TH C
