ATTENDANCE

MEASURE
OF
VARIABILITY
OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON
This lesson deals with
measures how much scores
differ from one another, how
given data/scores spread or
scatter from one another.
The lowest compared to the
highest or even in the average
rate.
OBJECTIVES
1. Define measure of variability.
2. Define range, mean or average
deviation standard deviation and
variance
3. Use the formulas for ungrouped
and grouped data in the
computation of variability.
4. Make statistical interpretation
on the measures of variability.
MEASURES OF VARIABILITY
Variability refers to
how spread out a group of
data is.
In other words,
variability measures how
much your scores differ
from each other.
MEASURES OF VARIABILITY
Variability is also referred
to as dispersion or spread. Data
sets with similar values are said
to have little variability, while
data sets that have values that
are spread out have high
variability.
 Range
Variance
Standard Deviation
MEASURE
OF VARIABILITY
(UNGROUPED DATA)
 RANGE
It is the Example 1:
simplest measure Given are the scores of 8
students in Math quiz. The
of dispersion. The
scores are as follows:
range is the
17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14
difference between
the highest and the
Find the range.
lowest value.
Formula:
R = HV – LV
R = HV – LV R = 22 – 10
HV – Highest Value R = 12
LV – Lowest Value
Example 2:
Calculate the range of the grades in Mathematics of the
two groups of students.
Male: Female:
95, 65, 75, 85, 90 84, 86, 85, 82, 83

Find the range. Find the range.

Formula: Formula:
R = HV – LV R = HV – LV
R = 95 – 65 R = 86 – 82
R = 30 R=4
The range of male is 30 while the female is 4. it shows
that the grades of males are scattered otherwise, the grades of
female are compressed. It concludes that the females as
compared to males are more homogenous in their Math ability.
 VARIANCE
It is defined as a number indicating the
dispersion of data. It indicates on average how
far is each value in a data set is spread out.
Sample : s2 = =

Population: 𝝈2 =

s2/ 𝝈2 = variance
x – individual value
= mean
n/N = total number of values
Example 1:
Given are the scores of 8 students in Math quiz. The scores
are as follows: 17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14

Calculate the mean:

= 17

x or d d2
17 17 – 17 = 0
20 20 – 17 = 3
22
18
10
19
16
14
Example 1:
Given are the scores of 8 students in Math quiz. The scores
are as follows: 17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14

Calculate the mean:

= 17

x or d d2
17 17 – 17 = 0
20 20 – 17 = 3
22 5
18 1
10 -7
19 2
16 -1
14 -3
Example 1:
Given are the scores of 8 students in Math quiz. The scores
are as follows: 17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14

Calculate the mean:

= 17

x or d d2
17 17 – 17 = 0 0
20 20 – 17 = 3 9
22 5 25
18 1 1
10 -7 49
19 2 4
16 -1 1
14 -3 9
Example 1:
Given are the scores of 8 students in Math quiz. The scores
are as follows: 17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14

Calculate the mean:

= 17

x or d d2
17 17 – 17 = 0 0
20 20 – 17 = 3 9
22 5 25
18 1 1
10 -7 49
19 2 4
16 -1 1
14 -3 9
Example 1:
Given are the scores of 8 students in Math quiz. The scores
are as follows: 17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14

x d2
d
s2 =
17 0 0
20 3 9 = 98
22 5 25 n=8
18 1 1
10 -7 49 Solution:
19 2 4 s2 =
16 -1 1
14 -3 9 s2 =

s2 = 14
STANDARD DEVIATION
It is defined as a number representing how
far from the average of each score.

Sample : s= =

Population: 𝝈=
Example 1:
Given are the scores of 8 students in Math quiz. The scores
are as follows: 17, 20, 22, 18, 10, 19, 16, 14

x d2 s
d
= 98
17 0 0
20 3 9 n=8
22 5 25
18 1 1 Solution:
10 -7 49 s=
19 2 4
16 -1 1 s=
14 -3 9
s=
s = 3.74
LET US TRY THIS!
Given the grades of BSMT students in
Statistics for Prelim. The following grades are as
follows:
87, 90, 98, 76, 65, 89, 88

a. Find the range.

b. Find the variance and standard deviation.
MEASURE
OF VARIABILITY
(GROUPED DATA)
 RANGE
It is the simplest measure of dispersion.
The range is the difference between the highest
and the lowest value.

R = UCBH - LCBL
UCBH – Upper Class Boundary (Highest)
LCBL – Lower Class Boundary (Lowest)
FIND THE RANGE
Age f Class Boundary
22 - 24 5
19 - 21 8
16 - 18 5
13 - 15 10
10 - 12 2

R = UCBH - LCBL
FIND THE RANGE
Age f Class Boundary
22 - 24 5 21.5 – 24.5
19 - 21 8 18.5 - 21.5
16 - 18 5 15.5 – 18.5
13 - 15 10 12.5 – 15.5
10 - 12 2 9.5 – 12.5

R = UCBH - LCBL
R = 24.5 – 9.5
R = 15
FIND THE VARIANCE
s2 =

where:
s2 = variance
f = frequency
x = class mark
= mean
n = number of values
FIND THE VARIANCE
s2 =

Age f X fx f
22 - 24 2 23 46 6.4 40.96 81.92

19 - 21 10 20 200 3.4 11.56 115.6

16 - 18 5 17 85 0.4 0.16 0.8

13 - 15 8 14 112 -2.6 6.76 54.08

10 - 12 5 11 55 -5.6 31.36 156.8

FIND THE VARIANCE
s2 =

n = 30
= 409.2

s2 = 14.11
s = 3.76