PROFESSIONAL

CONDUCT AND
ETHICAL
STANDARD
Philosophy

- The study of ideas about knowledge, truth, the nature

and meaning of life.

- Science which inquires into the ultimate reasons,

causes, and principles of all things in the light of human
reason alone.
ETHICS
- The science of the morality of human acts.
- The study of the human motivation, and ultimately of
human rational behaviour.
- Generally, the discipline that deals with what is good and
bad as well as our moral duties and obligations
- Derived from the Greek word, ‘ethos’, which means
‘characteristic way of acting’ and ‘ethikos’, which means
‘customary’.
MORALITY
- the quality which makes an act good or bad, good or
evil, right or wrong

MORAL DISTINCTIONS
1) moral – good, right
2) immoral – bad, wrong
3) amoral – neither good nor bad
BASES OF MORALITY
Social Norms - Unwritten standard of acceptable behavior in
society(saying bless you, saying please, etc.)
Laws of society - Written of behavior.
Religion - a system of beliefs and practices based on faith and
truths revealed to man by God.
Conscience - the practical judgment of reasons telling us what
should be done and what should be avoided; reflection is one's
character.
TWO DIVISIONS OF ETHICS

1) GENERAL ETHICS
- the study of the general principles of
morality.

2) SPECIAL ETHICS
- The study of the application of the general
principles of morality; included in this division is
the category of professional ethics.
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
- A set of moral code to which every
profession must subscribe.
- Guides the professional where the law is
silent or inadequate.

POLICE ETHICS
- a practical science that treats the
principle of human morality and duty as applied to
law enforcement.
Importance of Ethics
- Indispensable knowledge
- Without moral perception, man is only an animal.
- Without morality, man is failure.
Basic Points Why We Study Ethics:

We study ethics because criminal justice is uniquely involved in

coercion, which means there are many and varied opportunities to abuse
such power.
We study ethics because almost all criminal justice professionals
are public servants and thus owe special duties to the public they serve.
We study ethics to sensitize the student to ethical issues and provide
tools to help resolve the ethical dilemmas that individuals may face with
in their professional lives.
HUMAN ACTS
- acts that are done knowingly, deliberately and freely.

ACTS OF MAN
- an act that is in not control of will.
- instinctive and physiological in nature
ELEMENTS OF HUMAN ACTS

1) KNOWINGLY
- When the person fully understands what he is
doing and has the ability to appreciate the
consequences of his actions.
2) DELIBERATELY
- When the person did his actions intentionally.
3) FREELY
- when the person performed his actions
voluntarily.
Kinds of Human Acts
1. Elicited Acts
- Performed by will and are not bodily
externalized.

2. Commanded Acts
- Done through mental and bodily power.
 Modifiers of Human Act
1. Ignorance – absence of knowledge with a person ought to possess.
2. Passions – either tendencies towards desirable objects or tendencies away
form undesirable.
3. Fear – disturbance of the mind of a person who confronted by an
impending danger or harm to himself or love ones.
4. Violence – any physical force exerted on a person by another free agent
for the purpose of compelling said person to act against his will.
5. Habits – lasting readiness and facility, born of frequently repeated acts for
acting in a certain manner.
Voluntary vs. Involuntary Act

- The actions controlled by the will or consciousness

of a person are called voluntary actions. However, if the
action is involuntary then the actor is not morally
responsible as they act on the basis of force from
ignorance.
Class of Voluntariness
- Perfect Voluntariness – a person is fully knows and fully intends to do
act.
- Imperfect Voluntariness – present when the person willfully do act
without fully realizing what he means to do.
- Condition Voluntariness – forced by circumstances beyond his
control to perform an act which he would not do in normal conditions.
- Simple Voluntariness – doing an act willfully regardless whether you
like it or not either positive or negative.
Etiquette
- Is the customary code of polite behavior in society or among
members of a particular profession or group. It refers to the conduct or
procedure required by good breeding or prescribed by authority to be
observed in social or official life.

Values

- Anything that a person considers important in life,

such as material things, ideas and experiences.
KINDS OF VALUES
1) BIOLOGICAL VALUES
- those that are necessary for survival, such as food, shelter,
clothing, sex, water, sleep – include the physiological needs of man
as man.
2) PSYCHOLOGICAL VALUES
- those that are necessary for emotional fulfilment of man, such
as relationships, companionship, family, friendships, love.
3) INTELLECTUAL VALUES
- Those that are necessary for the intellectual fulfilment of man,
such as achievements, career, success.
4) MORAL VALUES
- those that are necessary for the spiritual fulfilment of man.
VIRTUE

- A habit that inclines the person to act in a

way that harmonizes with his nature

- the habit of doing good.

- The opposite is vice, the habit of doing

bad.
FOUR MORAL/CARDINAL VIRTUES

1) PRUDENCE
- the ability to govern and discipline oneself by
means of reason and sound judgment.
- The virtue that attracts the intellect to choose the
most effective means for accomplishing what is morally
good and avoiding what is evil.
2) TEMPERANCE
- one’s ability to moderate or avoid something.
- the virtue that regulates the carnal appetite for
sensual pleasures.
3) FORTITUDE

- Firmness of mind
- The courage to endure without yielding
- The virtue that incites courage
a) PATIENCE – calmness and composure in
enduring situations.
b) PERSEVERANCE – the ability to go on
despite the obstacles.
c) ENDURANCE – the ability to last.
4. JUSTICE
- The virtue that inclines the will to give to each one of his rights.
THREE DIVISIONS OF JUSTICE
1) COMMUTATIVE
- Virtue that regulates those actions that involve the rights that
exist between one and another.

2) DISTRIBUTIVE
- Regulates those actions that involve the rights than an
individual may claim from society.
3) LEGAL
- virtue that regulates those actions which society may justly
require of the individual for the common good.
RIGHT
- anything that is owed or due.
- something to which a person has a just and lawful
claim.
- anything that a person can lawfully demand.

HUMAN RIGHTS
- rights pertaining to the rights of man.
- rights inherent to man by virtue of being a human
being.
- are the supreme, inherent and inalienable rights to life,
dignity and to self-development.
 - supreme rights – highest form of rights.
- inherent rights - rights attached to men
as human.
- inalienable rights – rights that cannot be
transferred, cannot be borrowed and cannot be
taken away.
Basic Human Rights

1. Right to Life
2. Right to Liberty
3. Right to Property
DUTY
- anything we are obliged to do or to omit
- a moral obligation incumbent upon a person
of doing, omitting or avoiding.
- for every right, there is a corresponding duty.
Kinds of Duties
- Natural Duties – duty to take care of health.
- Positive Duties – imposed by human positive law.
- Affirmative Duties – it requires the
performance of acts.
- Negative Duties – omission of certain act.
BACKGROUND ON THE PNP CODE OF PROFESSIONAL
CONDUCT AND ETHICAL STANDARD

SECTION 37, RA 6975

“There shall be established a performance
evaluation system which shall be administered in
accordance with the rules, regulations and standards,
and A CODE OF CONDUCT promulgated by the
Commission for members of the PNP…”
NAPOLCOM RESOLUTION NO 92-4

- resolution issued by the NAPOLCOM

approving the draft of the Philippine National
Police Code of Professional Conduct and
Ethical Standards by the PNP.
PURPOSES OF THE CODE
1) To foster individual efficiency, behavioral discipline and
organizational effectiveness, as well as respect for constitutional
and human rights of citizens, democratic principles and ideals
and the supremacy of civilian authority over the military;
2) To set the moral tone and norms of professional conduct in
the police service;
3) To provide moral and ethical guidance to all PNP members;
and
4) To enlighten members of the police service of what behavior is
really acceptable – to define what is permitted and what is
prohibited.
LAWS RELATED TO THE PNP CODE

1) RA 3019 – Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices Act

2) RA 6713 – Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for
Public Officials and Employees
3) RA 7080 – Anti-Plunder Act
4) RA 9485 – the Anti-Red Tape Act of 2007
5) PLEB Rules and Regulations
Republic Act No.6713

AN ACT ESTABLISHING CODE OF CONDUCT AND ETHICAL

STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES,TO UPHOLD
THE TIME-HONORED PRINCIPLE OF PUBLIC OFFICE BEING A PUBLIC
TRUST, GRANTING INCENTIVES AND REWARDS FOR EXEMPLARY
SERVICE,ENUMERATING PROHIBITED ACTS AND TRANSACTIONS
AND PROVIDING PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.

Section 1. Title.-This Act shall be known as the "Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and Employees."
Section 2. Declaration of Policies. - It is the policy of the State to
promote a high standard of ethics in public service. Public
officials and employees shall at all times be accountable to the
people and shall discharge their duties with utmost
responsibility, integrity, competence, and loyalty, act with
patriotism and justice, lead modest lives, and uphold public
interest over personal interest.
Section 4. Norms of Conduct of Public Officials and
Employees
(a) Commitment to public interest.
- Public officials and employees shall always uphold the public interest over and above
personal interest. All government resources and powers of their respective offices must
be employed and used efficiently, effectively, honestly and economically, particularly
to avoid wastage in public funds and revenues.
(b) Professionalism.
- Public officials and employees shall perform and discharge their duties with the
highest degree of excellence, professionalism, intelligence and skill. They shall enter
public service with utmost devotion and dedication to duty. They shall endeavor to
discourage wrong perceptions of their roles as dispensers or peddlers of undue
patronage.
(c) Justness and sincerity. - Public officials and employees shall remain true to
the people at all times. They must act with justness and sincerity and shall not
discriminate against anyone, especially the poor and the underprivileged. They
shall at all times respect the rights of others, and shall refrain from doing acts
contrary to law, good morals, good customs, public policy, public order, public
safety and public interest. They shall not dispense or extend undue favors on
account of their office to their relatives whether by consanguinity or affinity
except with respect to appointments of such relatives to positions considered
strictly confidential or as members of their personal staff whose terms are
coterminous with theirs.
(d) Political neutrality. - Public officials and employees shall provide service to
everyone without unfair discrimination and regardless of party affiliation or
preference.
(e) Responsiveness to the public. - Public officials and employ extend prompt,
courteous, and adequate service to the public. Unless otherwise provided by law or when
required by the public interest, public officials and employees shall provide information
of their policies and procedures in clear and understandable language, ensure openness of
information, public consultations and hearings whenever appropriate, encourage
suggestions, simplify and systematize policy, rules and procedures, avoid red tape and
develop an understanding and appreciation of the socio-economic conditions prevailing
in the country, especially in the depressed rural and urban areas.
(f) Nationalism and patriotism. - Public officials and employees shall at all times be
loyal to the Republic and to the Filipino people, promote the use of locally produced
goods, resources and technology and encourage appreciation and pride of country and
people. They shall endeavor to maintain and defend Philippine sovereignty against
foreign intrusion.
(g) Commitment to democracy.
- Public officials and employees shall commit themselves to the democratic
way of life and values, maintain the principle of public accountability, and
manifest by deeds the supremacy of civilian authority over the military.
They shall at all times uphold the Constitution and put loyalty to country
above loyalty to persons or party.
(h) Simple living.
-Public officials and employees and their families shall lead modest lives
appropriate to their positions and income. They shall not indulge in
extravagant or ostentatious display of wealth in any form.
Ethical Awareness
- it refers to the ability to discern right from wrong.
Ethical Competency
- ability to engage in sound moral reasoning and
carefully consider the implications of alternative actions.
Specific Principles of Professional Conduct

1. Service to Others
2. Integrity and Objectivity
- perform responsibilities with the sense of integrity
and induced with rationalism and spiritual values.
3. Professional Competence
- professionals must possess a certain level of
competency.
4. Solidarity and Teamwork – shall nurture and support
one organization for all its members.
5. Social and Civic Responsibility – due consideration
of the broader interest of responsibility.
6. Global Competitiveness – shall remain open to
challenges of a more dynamic interconnected world.
7. Equality of All Profession – strive to be fair in there
dealings with one another.
Code of Ethics of Criminologist
Article I
PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY OF REGISTERED
CRIMINOLOGIST
- to bear faithful allegiance to the Republic of the Philippines and
be loyal to his profession.
- shall strive to improve their effectiveness by diligent study and
sincere attention to improvement and welcome the opportunity to
disseminate practical and useful information relating to matters accruing
to the benefit of public safety and welfare.
Article 2
LIMITATION OF AUTHORITY
- The first duty of a criminologist as upholder of the law is to know
its bounds upon him, be aware of limitations and prescriptions and
recognize the system of government that gives to no man group or
institution absolute power. He must ensure that he is prime defender of
that system and as such must never pervert its character.
- They shall in the performance of their duty be just, impartial and
reasonable, never according anyone more preferential treatment than
another. They shall recognize the limitation of their authority and at no
time use the power of their profession for personal advantage.
Article 3
PRIVATE CONDUCT
- must be mindful of his special identification by the
public as an upholder of the law. He must never be lax in
conduct or manner in private life, express disrespect for
the law, nor seek to gain special privilege that would be
reflective upon the profession. He must so conduct his
private life that the public will regard him as an example
of stability fidelity and morality.
Article 4
CONDUCT TOWARDS THE PUBLIC
a. The Criminologists remind at all times that dignity, fairness and a genuine
willingness to help are essential to their public image and their ability to do a
good job.
b. The Criminologists mindful of their responsibility to the whole community,
deal with individuals of the community in a manner calculated to instill re spect
for its laws and their profession.
c. They shall be habitually courteous and accept their responsibility by being
punctual and expeditious in their engagements and duties. They shall regard their
profession as a public trust and in the discharge of their duties, bear constantly in
mind their obligation to serve the public efficiently and effectively.
Article 5
ATTITUDE TOWARDS PROFESSION

a. The criminologists shall strive to make the best application of science to

the solution of crime, by diligent study and sincere attention to self
improvement, and the fields of human relationships, strive for effective
leadership and public influence in matters affecting public safety.
b. He shall appreciate the importance and responsibility of his profession as
an honorable one rendering valuable service to his community and country.
They shall strive to attain certain of the most withering cross examination
particularly from fellow criminologists and associates.
c. He shall avoid outside influence from overzealous and
overanxious clients and his findings shall be based solely
and entirely on logical and scientific deduction derived
from a fair and impartial examination personally
performed by him.
d. He must never lose sight of the important fact that he
should no only work for the identification, apprehension
and conviction of criminals, but must strive with greater
if not equal vigor to clear the innocent.
Article 6
ATTITUDE TOWARDS FELLOW
CRIMINOLOGISTS
a. The Criminologists shall strive constantly to improve professional
standing of Criminology through association with others in the
profession and keeping abreast with the fast moving world of
science and technology through constant research and development.
b. He shall cooperate fully with fellow criminologists regardless of
personal prejudice. He should however, be assured that such action
is proper and in accordance with law and guard against the sue of
this office or person, knowingly or unknowingly in any improper or
illegal action.
Canon of Professional Ethics of Registered Criminologists:

Canon 1.Primary Responsibility

Canon 2.The Criminology Profession
Canon 3.Attitude Towards Profession
Canon 4.Attitude Towards Fellow Criminologists
Canon 5.Private Conduct
Canon 6. Conduct Towards The Public
Canon 7.Limitation Of Authority
Canon 8. Practice Of Profession
Canon 9.Malpractice Of The Profession
Canon 10.Decorum
Canon 11.Continuing Professional Development
Canon 12. Law Enforcement Code Of Ethics And Other Codes
Canon 13.Sanctions And Penalties
Canon 14.Observance Of Due Process
CANON 7. Limitation of Authority
Rule 1. Registered Criminologists shall uphold the rule of law including the
observance of due process at all times and circumstances; recognize and respect the
human rights of everyone, obey the laws, orders and administrative regulations of all
agencies and likewise observe the legal processes whether in the judicial, quasi-judicial
or other administrative bodies.
CANON 8. Practice of Profession
Rule 2. Registered Criminologists shall make the professional services with
highest integrity, independence, efficiency and effectiveness in the discharge of the
profession . In charging professional fees, it shall be reasonable and commensurate to
the services rendered. They shall maintain utmost confidentiality of information,
records, and cases handled by them regardless of the kind of service (private or public)
the professional is engaged in and whether for fee or free.
CANON 9. Malpractice of the Profession
All Registered Criminologists shall:
Rule 2. Not use or permit the use of any false, fraudulent, misleading, deceptive,
undignified, self-laudatory or unfair statement or claim regarding his qualifications or
services. Violation of this Rule may constitute unethical and unprofessional conduct
which may merit or cause suspension of membership with the PCAP, Inc.
CANON 10.Decorum
Rule 1 As role models, Registered Criminologists shall encourage their clients,
students, and anybody not to do any act which would vex, humiliate, blacken the
reputation and honor, of any professional; shall not cause, do any act of meddling,
prying, and intriguing anyone's private and professional life.
Article 7
CODE OF ETHICS

- The universally accepted Code of Ethics for

Law Enforcement shall be temporarily adopted
pending formulation of a more specific code that
embraces all aspects of Criminology.
IMPORTANT TERMS
- NON-FEASANCE
- the failure to perform an actor duty that is part of
one’s obligation without sufficient excuse.
- MALFEASANCE
- the commission of an act that one is prohibited to do.
- MISFEASANCE
- the improper or incorrect performance of an act that
should bed one or performed.
INCOMPETENCY
- lack of adequate ability and fitness for the satisfactory
performance of police duties; could be due to physical or intellectual
limitations or lack of skill.

DISLOYALTY TO THE GOVERNMENT

- Abandonment or renunciation of one’s loyalty to the
government of the Philippines
- advocating to overthrow the present administration.

POLICE DISCRETION
- The act or the liberty to decide according to the principles of
justice and the police officer’s ideas of what is right and proper under the
circumstances.
CANONS OF POLICE ETHICS
1) Primordial Police Responsibility
- the primary responsibility of the police is
crime prevention
2) Limitation of Police Authority
- laws set limits to the power of the
police
- police officers are not exempted from
obeying the laws they are enforcing.
3) Knowledge of the Law and other Responsibilities
– police officers are expected to know and understand
the laws they are enforcing.
- Police officers must fully understand their duties and
responsibilities as police officers.
- Police officers must know and fully understand the
relationship of the PNP organization with other law
enforcement agencies and other government agencies.

4) Use of Proper Means to Obtain Proper Ends

- Police officers must only employ legal methods in the
conduct of their work.
5) Cooperation with Public Officials
- police officers must cooperate with other public
officials and government agencies.

6) Proper Conduct and Behavior

–police officers must always observe proper conduct
and behavior both in their personal and official life.

7) Conduct towards the Community

- police officers must never forget that they are
public servants.
8) Conduct in Arresting Law Violators
- police officers must always adhere to the
prescribed rules when effecting arrests of suspects.

9) Firmness in Refusing Gifts

- police officers must never ask for nor accept
gifts or special favors.
10) Impartial Presentation of Evidence
– police officers must be fair in presenting
evidence.

11) Attitude towards Police Profession

- Police officers must have a high regard for
the police profession and must be proud that they are
police officers.
- Police officers must strive to improve their
knowledge and skills in order to be the best police
officers that they can be.
PROFESSIONAL POLICE PRINCIPLE

1) Prevention of Crime and Disorder

- it is the primary objective of the police to prevent crime
2) Cooperation of the Community
- The police is dependent upon community support
3) Unreasonable Force Reduces Community Cooperation
- The use of unreasonable force on the part of the police
negatively affects the desire of the people to cooperate with
the police.
4) Use of Reasonable Force when Persuasion is not
Sufficient
- the police may only use force when dialogue is
no longer effective and the degree of force to be used
must be reasonable
5) Impartial Enforcement of Laws
- the police must be fair in enforcing the laws
6) The Community are the Police
- The police and the community are dependent on
each other and must work hand in hand to prevent
crimes.
7) Police should not Usurp Judicial Power
- the police has no power or authority to decide whether a
suspect is guilty or innocent of a crime.
8) Rules of Engagement Impartially Observed
- the police must always adhere to the prescribed
procedures in the performance of their duty.
9. Reduction of Crime and Disorder
- the effectiveness of the police is measured through the
ability of the police to prevent crime.
10) Police Discretion
- the police must never abuse the police discretion
granted to them.
PNP CORE VALUES

1) Love of God
2) Respect for Authority
3) Selfless Love and Service to People
4) Sanctity of Marriage and Respect for
Women
5) Responsible Dominion and Stewardship
over Material Things
6) Truthfulness
PNP STAND OF BASIC ISSUES

1) PNP IMAGE - the PNP shall live in accordance with the

PNP Core Values and shall possess the following virtues:
a) HONOR
b) INTEGRITY
c) VALOR
d) JUSTICE
e) HONESTY
f) HUMILITY
g) CHARITY
h) LOYALTY TO SERVICE
2) CAREER MANAGEMENT
- the PNP shall formulate and implement policies
and human resources development system for all
PNP personnel, from recruitment to retirement.

3) POLICE MANAGEMENT LEADERSHIP

- The primary basis for consideration in the
selection of personnel for employment and
deployment shall be the individual’s capabilities and
competent leadership.
4) EQUALITY IN THE SERVICE
- there shall be judicious and equitable distribution of
opportunity to prove one’s worth in the PNP service;
- the PNP shall strictly adhere to the rule of merit and fitness
system.

5) DELICADEZA
- All members of the PNP must have moral courage to sacrifice
self-interest.

6) POLICE LIFESTYLE
- The PNP shall endeavour to promote a lifestyle that is
acceptable and respectable in the eyes of the public because the
public expects a police officer to live a simple, yet dignified life.
7) POLITICAL PATRONAGE
- All PNP members must inhibit themselves from
soliciting political patronage in matters pertaining to
assignments, promotions, trainings and awards.

8) HUMAN RIGHTS
- all PNP members shall respect and protect
human dignity and man’s rights to life, liberty and
property.
POLICE PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT

1) COMMITMENT TO DEMOCRACY
- Police officers must commit themselves to a democratic way
of life and values and maintain the principle of public accountability
- they shall at all times uphold the Constitution and be loyal to
the legitimate government
2) COMMITMENT TO PUBLIC INTEREST
- police officers must always uphold public interest over and
above personal interest.
- they shall use public resources and properties economically
and judiciously to avoid wastage of public funds.
3) NON-PARTISANSHIP
- Police officers shall provide services to
everyone without discrimination regardless of
political affiliation in accordance with existing
laws and regulations.

4) PHYSICAL FITNESS AND HEALTH

- police officers shall strive to be physically
and mentally fit and In good health at all times.
 5) SECRECY DISCIPLINE
- police officers shall guard the confidentiality of
official information against unauthorized access and
disclosure.

6) SOCIAL AWARENESS
- police officers, as well as their immediate family
members, shall be encouraged to actively get involved
in religious, social and civic activities to enhance the
image of the PNP organization.
7) NON-SOLICITATION OF PATRONAGE
- police officers shall seek self-improvement through
career development without directly or indirectly soliciting
favors or recommendation from politicians, high-ranking
government officials and the like.

8) PROPER CARE AND USE OF PUBLIC PROPERTY

- Police officers shall be responsible for the security,
proper care and use of public authority issued to them for
the performance of their duties.
 9) RESPECT FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
- Police officers shall respect and protect
human rights in the performance of their duty.

10) DEVOTION TO DUTY

- police officers shall perform their duties
with dedication, thoroughness, efficiency,
enthusiasm, determination and manifest concern
for public welfare.
11) CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
- police officers shall help in the development
and conservation of our natural resources for
ecological balance and posterity.
12) DISCIPLINE
- police officers shall conduct themselves
properly at all times in keeping with the rules and
regulations of the organization.
 13) LOYALTY
- police officers must be loyal to the Constitution
and to the police service as manifested by their loyalty to
their superiors, peers and subordinates as well.
14) OBEDIENCE TO SUPERIORS
- police officers shall obey lawful orders and be
courteous to superior officers and other appropriate
authorities.
15) COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY
- immediate commanders shall be responsible for the
effective supervision, control and direction of their
personnel.
ETHICAL STANDARDS
- shall refer to established and generally accepted
moral values and ethical acts.

1) MORALITY
- police officers must adhere to high standard of
morality and decency and shall set good example for
others.
2) JUDICIOUS USE OF AUTHORITY
- police officers shall exercise proper and legitimate
use of authority and discretion in the performance of their
duty.

3) INTEGRITY
- police officers shall not allow themselves to be
victims of corruption and dishonest practices.

4) JUSTICE
- police officers shall strive constantly to respect the
rights of others.
5) HUMILITY
- police officers shall recognize the fact that they
are public servants and not the masters of the people.
- they should perform their duties without arrogance
- they should recognize their own inadequacies,
inabilities and limitations as individuals.
- they should perform their duties without attracting
attention or expecting the applause of others.
6) ORDERLINESS
- police officers shall follow logical
procedures in accomplishing tasks assigned to them
to minimize wasted time and resources.

7) PERSEVERANCE
- Police officers must exert all efforts
to achieve their goal or mission even in the
face of difficulties and obstacles.
PNP CUSTOMS AND TRADITIONS
CUSTOMS
- established usage or social practices
carried on by tradition that have obtained the
force of law.

PNP CUSTOMS ON COURTESY

- manifestation or expression of
consideration and respect for others.
SALUTE
- The usual greeting rendered by uniformed
personnel upon meeting and recognizing
persons entitled to it.

ADDRESS/TITLE
- Junior in rank must address senior members
who are entitled to a salute with the “Sir” or
“Ma’am”.
SALUTE TO NATIONAL COLOR AND
STANDARD
- Police officers must stand at attention and
salute the national colour and standard as it
passes by them or when the national color is
raised or lowered during ceremonies.
COURTESY CALLS
1) COURTESY CALL OF NEWLY-ASSIGNED/APPOINTED
MEMBER
- PNP members who are newly-assigned or appointed
to a unit or command must call on the chief of the unit or
command and to other key personnel for accounting,
orientation and other purposes.

2) CHRISTMAS CALL
- PNP members pay a Christmas call on their local
executives in their respective area of responsibility.
3) NEW YEAR’S CALL
- PNP members pay a New Year’s call on their
commanders and/or key officials in their respective area
of responsibility.

4) PROMOTION CALL
- newly-promoted PNP members call on their unit
head.

5) EXIT CALL
- PNP members pay an exit call on their superiors
in the unit or command when relieved or reassigned out of
said unit or command.
COURTESY OF THE POST
- the host unit extends hospitality to visiting
personnel who pay respect to the command or unit.

“RANK HAS ITS OWN PRIVILEGE”

- PNP members must acknowledge that different
ranks carry with them corresponding privileges.

CEREMONY
- A formal act or set of formal acts established by
customs or authority as proper to special occasion.
PNP CUSTOMS ON CEREMONIES

- FLAG-RAISING CEREMONY
- FLAG-RETREAT CEREMONY
- HALF-MAST
- FUNERAL SERVICE AND HONORS
- CEREMONY TENDERED TO RETIREES
- HONORCEREMONIES
- TURN-OVERCEREMONY
- WEDDINGCEREMONY
- ANNIVERSARY
SOCIAL DECORUM

- a set of norms and standards practiced

by members during social and other functions.
PNP CUSTOMS ON SOCIAL DECORUM

UNIFORM/APPEARANCE
- police officers must observe the following:
a) wearing of prescribed uniform.
b) wearing, as part of the uniform, awards
and decorations earned in accordance with the
prescribed rules and regulations.
c) Adherence to haircut prescribed by
rules and regulations.
MANNER OF WALKING

- every PNP officer is expected to walk with

pride and dignity.
OTHER POLICE CUSTOMS
1) Visiting the Sick
2) Survivor Assistance to Heirs of Deceased
Members
3) Visiting Religious Leaders
4) Athletics
5) Happy Hours
TRADITION

- bodies of beliefs, stories, customs and

usages handed down from generation to
generation with the effect of an unwritten
law.
POLICE TRADITIONS

1) SPIRITUAL BELIEFS
- PNP members are traditionally religious and
God-loving persons; they attend religious services
together with the members of their family.

2) VALOR
- Police officers sacrifice their lives and limbs for
the people they have pledged to serve.
 3) PATRIOTISM
- police officers manifest their love of country
with a pledge of allegiance to the flag and a vow to
defend the Constitution.

4) DISCIPLINE
- police officers manifest discipline by instinctive
obedience to lawful orders and through spontaneous
actions towards attainment of organizational objectives
guided by moral, ethical and legal norms.
5) GENTLEMANLINESS
- police officers are upright in character, polite in
manners, dignified in appearance and sincere in their concern
for their fellowmen.

6) WORD OF HONOR
- police officers standby, and commit to uphold, their
word.

7) DUTY
- Police officers are dedicated public servants who
perform their tasks with a deep sense of responsibility and self-
sacrifice.
8) LOYALTY
- police officers are traditionally loyal to the
organization, country and fellowmen.

9) CAMARADERIE
- The binding spirit that enhances teamwork and
cooperation in the police organization.
"Police Deviance“

Police Corruption
- Misuse of authority for personal gain.
- Violations of conduct norms that are rarely enforced.
- Accepting money or money's worth for doing something
under a duty not to do or do anyway.
MAJOR CATEGORIES OF CORRUPTION ENGGAGE IN BY
POLICE
1. NEGOTIABLE GRAFT
- Mutual bargaining behavior engage in between officer and
criminals
2. EXTORTION
- Solicitation of money and favors by officers in return for ignoring
violations of the law
3. ACCEPTANCE OF PETTY BRIBES
- Situation is that of the motorists whose stop for traffic violation,
the motorists offers an officer a small bribe.
4. MOONLIGHTING
- Engaging in any business with or without
compensation, which or incompatible with the PNP duties
and/or functions.

5. OPRESSIONS
- Imports an act of cruelty, severity, unlawful execution
or excessive use of authority.
Types of Corrupt Public Officials

1. Grass eaters (Vegetarian Cops)

- Police officers who are engage in minor type of corruption.

2. Meat eaters (Carnivorous Cops)

- Police officers who actively seek out corruption
opportunities and engaged in both minor and major patterns
of corruption.
3. Straight shooter
- Are those honest policeman who are ready to cover and
conceal corrupt practices of the police department.

4. Rouges (Hoodlums in uniforms or "Scalawags")

- Possess all the deviant behavior of a corrupt cop.
Terms Related to Community Relations

1. Police Community Relations

- The sum total of the dealings between the police and the people it
serves, and whose goodwill and cooperation it craves, for the greatest
possible efficiency in the service refers to the reciprocal attitudes of the
police and the community.
2. Public Relations
- The act of bringing about better understanding, confidence and
acceptance for an individual or an organization.
3. Police Public Relations
- The continuing process by which endeavors are made to obtain
the goodwill and cooperation of the public for effective enforcement of the
law and accomplishment of the police purposes.

4. Human Relations
- Consist of the fundamental rules both moral and legal, which
govern the relationship of men in all aspects of life.
4 RINCIPLES OF POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS

1. Community support must be maintained.

- Every police shall be worthy of high public trust by doing his job and leaving
nothing undone.
- He shall make himself available and be willing to serve everyone.

2. Community resentment must be avoided.

- Every police officer shall have in mind the interest of the public.
- He shall develop friendly relations by his good conduct.
- He shall avoid by any occasion to humiliate, embarrass, annoy or
inconvenience anyone.
3. Community goodwill must be developed.
- Police officer should be courteous, fair, and quick to
assist individuals in the solution of their problems

4. Community must be kept informed

- The people should inform the community of the
regulations and policies of the police force and the reasons of
their adoption
END OF PRESENTATION