UNIT III
Instructional Strategies in Teaching Physical Education and Health
Lesson 3:
Drill
and
Practice
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
• define drill and practice as teaching strategy;
• name the different types of drill and practice;
• identify the methods of drill and practice; and
• enumerate the advantages and disadvantages of
using drill and practice.
Thanks
“Practice
makes
perfect”.
Physical education
teachers
play an essential role in
developing the motor
skills needed to become
physically literate
(Silverman and Mercier,
2015).
Drill Practice
is defined as a method in is defined as using an
which the pupil is invited idea to gain familiarity
to skills training to see and expertise
how to make something, (Mohammed, 2020).
how to use it, what is it
made of, its benefits, and
others (Marwan, 2018).
Two Types of Drill and Practice
1. Massed practice 2. Distributed practice
This type of exercise occurs when one This type of practice is broken up
skill is continuosly practiced in a into several short sessions over a
session with only a brief rest period or long period. Pupils distribute their
not at all. It involves variety of drills effort in doing an activity over
to improve a skill performed after many relatively short study sessions.
another. This type of practice is It is opposite of massed practice
suitable for highly motivated pupils or wherein pupils are given few
practicing simple discrete skills, but it exercises with a long study
is very difficult and may cause fatigue session.Studies have shown that
and loss of motivation. using distributed techniques
promotes meaningful learning.
Several reasons why distributed practice is more effective.
In a sports activity, pupils or athletes become resposive in the
situation. They unconsciously decide on the skill they need use
when in competitive situation. They recall the skill that they
practiced and send messages to the appropriate muscles.
Learning, when using this kind of practiced, becomes better,
and knowledge and skills learned by the pupils will retain
longer. Athletes are preforming different skills in sequence and
can compare techniques. With this, they can acquire a better
understanding of the skills, which leads to better performance.
Several reasons why distributed practice is more effective.
Another reason for using distributed practice is that it can get
the attention of the pupils or athletes.
Lastly, the pupils or athletes become flexible in applying the
skills learned in the distributed practice. They can adapt to
changes in speed, direction, distance, sequence, or opposition if
needed.
Methods of Drill and Practice
Whole Method
-This method is done by demonstrating the skills and
practicing the whole from beginning to end. This
method acquire the skills, have timing, and see the
end product. This method is best used for a fast skill
that cannot be easily separated into subpart.
Methods of Drill and Practice
Part Method
-It focuses on practicing parts of the skills in isolation,
which is useful in complicated skills and is suitable for
maintaining motivation and concentrate on specific
skill elements. It is possible that the transfer of skills
from part to the whole may not be effective, and it may
also reduce kinesthetic awareness for the full of skill.
Methods of Drill and Practice
Whole-part-whole Method
-The whole skill is being presented and broken into
constituent parts to practice and improve it before it is
shown again as a whole. This method is effective in
skills that have easily recognized parts, particularly if
the whole skill is complex and hard to learn as a
whole.
Methods of Drill and Practice
Progressive Part Method
-It is also called a chaining method. It focuses on
practicing part of the skills individually and in order
before being linked together and expanded. This
method is a slow process, but it allows pupils identify
the skills to be targeted and understand the
relationship of the sub-routines.
Advantages of using drill and practice
1.The pupils can apply knowledge through interaction.
2.The pupils can learn certain concepts efficiently and effectively.
3.Teaching the pupils various repetitive activities can help them use them
in different environments and many different ways.
4.It can accommodate the diverse characteristics of pupils.
5.The pupils can acquire and master high level skills quickly and
effectively.
6.Materials needed can easily be prepared.
7.The teach can easily monitor the pupils if they can perform the routines
well or need assistance.
Disadvantages of using drill and practice
1.The pupils who only learned from drills may get
easily bored and distracted.
2. The pupils may rely on rote memorization and
remembering without fully understanding.
3.The pupils, as well as the teacher, tend to over
emphasize technical skills and direct instructions.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, drill and practice can be an effective teaching strategy
for certain concepts and skills. It allows pupils to apply their
knowledge through interactive activities and promotes efficient
learning and skill acquisition. The repetitive nature of drill and
practice can help pupils develop proficiency and retain information.
However, it is important to be aware of the potential disadvantages,
such as boredom, reliance on rote memorization, and an
overemphasis on technical skills. To maximize the benefits of drill and
practice, it should be balanced with other teaching methods that foster
deeper understanding, critical thinking, and creativity. By
incorporating a variety of instructional approaches, educators can
create a well-rounded learning experience for pupils.
