SOIL CHEMISTRY

QUIZ!!!
 1. The two elements in
agricultural lime that
neutralize soil pH?
 A. Ca and K

 B. Na and Ca

 C. Ca and Mg

 D. Mg and K

 E. None of the Above

 2. Which of the following
colloids has the highest CEC?
 A. Humus
 B. Illite

 C. Montmorillionite

 D. Kaolinite

 E. None of the Above

 3. Which of the following inorganic
colloids has the highest CEC?
 A. Humus
 B. Illite
 C. Montmorillionite
 D. Kaolinite
 E. None of the Above
 4. The micronutrient less available
under acidic conditions
 A. Fe
 B. Mo
 C. Zn
 D. Co
 E. None of the Above
5. Lime is applied when the
soil is

A. Saline
B. Sodic
C. Acidic
D. Neutral
E. None of the Above
6.Acidic soils will have toxic levels of
the following nutrients
A. Al and Mn

B. Ca and Mg

C. N and P

D. Zn and P

E. None of the Above

7.Cations that are strongly adsorbed
by the soil
A. Ca and K

B. H and Al

C. Mg and N

D. Ca and Mg

E. None of the above

8.Nutrients that are sources of soil
acidity

a. Ca and Mg
b. H and Al
c. Ca and K
d. Fe and Mo
e. None of the above
9.The degree of acidity or alkalinity
of the soil

a. Buffering capacity
b. Soil reaction
c. Electrical conductivity
d. Anion Exchange capacity
e. None of the Above
10. This process contributes to soil
acidity.

a. Crop removal
b. Leaching
c. O.M. Decomposition
d. Ca and Mg application
e. None of the above
11. The ion that forms a bridge
between two adjacent layers that
makes illite non expanding
a. Ca
b. K
c. Mg
d. Na
e. None of the above
12. In what problem soil should you
apply CaSO 4

a. Moderately Acidic
b. Acidic
c. Salini- sodic
d. Slight alkalinity
e. None of the above
13. The cations outside the electric
double layer

a. Available
b. Exchangeable
c. Unavailable
d. Slowly available
e. None of the above
14. The cations that is inside the
electric double layer and function as a
counter ion of the negative charge
a. Available
b. Exchangeable
c. Unavailable
d. Slowly available
e. None of the above
15. Which of the clays does not
belong to the group

a. Vermiculite
b. Montmorillionite
c. Kaolinite
d. Illite
e. None of the above
16. Clays derived from volcanic ash

a. Allophane
b. Illite
c. Kaolinite
d. Montmorillionite
e. None of the above
17. The most reactive of the soil
component.

a. Sand
b. Silt
c. Clay
d. Colloids
e. None of the above
18. A 100 g soil has 10 me of adsorb
H. How many me of Ca is needed to
replace the H+?

a. 5 me
b. 20 me
c. 10 me
d. 15 me
e. None of the above
19. How many grams of Ca is needed
to replace the H+ in problem no. 18

a. 0.2 g
b. .02g
c. 2g
d. .002g
e. None of the above
20. This process can increase the soil
pH

a. Leaching
b. Liming
c. Crop removal
d. O.M. Decomposition
e. None of the above
21. The H+ ion concentration of a
soil is 1 x 10^-6 M. The pH of this
soil is

a. 5
b. 6
c. 10
d. 7
e. None of the above
22. Limestone consisting of calcium
and magnesium weather faster than
hematite consisting of iron

a. True
b. No
c. False
d. Undetermined
23. Which of the following materials
is NOT a liming material?

a. Calcium Oxide (Cao)

b. Magnesium Carbonate (Ca.
MgCO3) or dolomite
c. Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)
d. Hydrated calcium sulfate (CaSO4 .
2H2O)
24. Which of the following nutrient
elements increases in availability for
plant use as the pH of the soils
increase to pH7?

a. Copper
b. Calcium
c. Zinc
d. Iron
25. Which of the following elements
contribute to soil acidity?

a. Copper
b. Aluminum
c. Phosphorous
d. Zinc
26. The dominant basic cation in
agricultural soils is ______

a. Na+
b. Ca++
c. Mg++
d. K++
27. Which of the following is the process
whereby metallic cations are complex or
bound to an organic molecule to prevent
cations from reacting with inorganic soil
constituents which could make them
unavailable for plant uptake?

a. Desorption
b. Chelation
c. Stabilization
d. Conduction
28. Soils with high CEC have
_________

a. High buffering capacity

b. Low buffering capacity
c. No buffering capacity
d. Low pH values
29. These cations are considered as acid
forming.

a. H+ and Ca++
b. Na+ and Ca++
c. H+ and K+
d. H+ and Al+++
30. Which of the following essential
elements is the most readily leached?

a. Nitrogen (NH+)
b. Calcium (Ca+++)
c. Phosphorus (PO4)
d. Potassium (K+)
31. Which of the following does not
contribute to soil acidity?

a. Rainfall
b. Lime
c. Organic matter decomposition
d. Nitrogenous fertilizers
32. An essential element which plants
can obtain through absorption from
gases in the atmosphere, from soil
minerals and decomposed protein-rich
organic matter, the absence of which
delays maturity of fruits and seeds is
_______

a. Magnesium
b. Nitrogen
c. Sulfur
d. Carbon
33. Liming of acidic soils will change the
texture of the soil

a. Probably false
b. True
c. Probably true
d. False
34. The type of vegetation has influence
on soil development. Coniferous forests
in Baguio shed off leaves low in bases
resulting in what condition?

a. Variable
b. Acidic
c. Neutral
d. Alkaline
35. Nitrification causes soil acidity due
to the production of _______

a. H+ ions
b. Al 3+ ions
c. NH4OH
d. NO2
36. A weathering process where a
compound reacts with carbonic acid
forming a more soluble bicarbonate.

a. Hydrolysis
b. Hydration
c. Solution
d. Carbonation
37. Which of the following is NOT an
environmental factor which affects plant
growth?

a. Radian energy
b. Soil pH
c. Maximum yield potential
d. Carbon dioxide supply
38. This term refers to the physical and
chemical changes in rocks and primary
minerals and their incorporation into the
soil matrix.

a. Lithification
b. Disintegration
c. Crystallization
d. Weathering
39. Which of the following soil
properties enables soil particles to stick
together without entering into a
chemical reaction?

a. Density
b. Adsorption
c. Porosity
d. Adhesion
40. The textural classification of the
soils refers to the identification of a
particular soil whether it is platy,
columnar, blocky, or granular

a. False
b. Probably true
c. True
d. Probably False
41. The worst damage caused by soil
erosion is _________

a. Increase of soil alkalinity

b. Nutrient deficiency
c. Loss of Soil fertility
d. Increase of soil acidity
42. Decomposition of organic matter as
well as chemical reactions occurring in
the soil is speed up by higher soil
temperatures than by cooler soil air.

a. False
b. True
c. Unaffected
d. Variable
43. Soil structure is best observed in the
___________

a. Parent material
b. Subsoil
c. Topsoil
d. Bedrock
44. Soil aggregation is affected by several
factors

a. Liming can promote soil aggregation

b. Soils rich in exchangeable Na content are
well-aggregated
c. Soils with low organic matter content are
well-aggregated soils
d. Liming can enhance dispersion
45. Aggregation or granulation of the primarysoil
particles may result to

a. Creation of micro pore spaces that allow good

aeration
b. Reduce percolation rate of soil
c. Reduction of ponding of water on the soil
surface
d. Reduce infiltration capacity of the soil
e. Decrease in soil aeration
46. Formation of soil aggregates is favored in
soils with

a. low organic matter content

b. high sand content
c. high organic matter content
d. high exchangeable sodium content
e. Low Ca content
47. Soil structure is an important physical
property of soil

a. Poor soil structure enhances soil aeration

b. Good soil structure impedes water
movement
c. Good soil structure favors microbial
activities
d. Poor soil structure enhances water
movement
e. Good soil structure is a result of soil
compaction
48. Refers to the feel of the soil and how it
behaves when manipulated

a. Soil consistency
d. Soil wetness
b. Soil texture
e. Soil plasticity
c. Soil structure
49. Soil grown to corn is best cultivated
when the soil consistency is

a. hard
c. plastic
e. sticky
b. friable
d. viscous
50. Lowland soil is prepared to have a
soil consistency of

a. hard
c. plastic
e. sticky
b. friable
d. viscous