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EEG Artifact Types and Solutions

The document discusses various types of EEG artifacts including non-cerebral biological potentials, electrode-related noise, electrical device artifacts, and physical artifacts from patient movement. Electrode-related noise can cause pops, salt bridges, or high impedance issues. Biological artifacts include ECG, pulse, eye movements, blinking, tongue movements, muscle activity, and chewing. Electrical device artifacts may come from AC power supply or medical devices. Physical movement can also cause artifacts like those from head movements.

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147 views25 pages

EEG Artifact Types and Solutions

The document discusses various types of EEG artifacts including non-cerebral biological potentials, electrode-related noise, electrical device artifacts, and physical artifacts from patient movement. Electrode-related noise can cause pops, salt bridges, or high impedance issues. Biological artifacts include ECG, pulse, eye movements, blinking, tongue movements, muscle activity, and chewing. Electrical device artifacts may come from AC power supply or medical devices. Physical movement can also cause artifacts like those from head movements.

Uploaded by

snhsngh188
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EEG Artifacts

Introduction
• “Signals that appear to be of cerebral origin, but, in fact, are derived from
other sources.”

• Types:-
– Non-cerebral biological potentials
– Electrode-related noise and potentials
– Electrical Device and Power supply
– Patient movement and physical artifacts
Electrode –related noise
• “Pops”-
– Sudden disconnects or breaks form baseline, which drifts back to
baseline, usually inv a single electrode.
– Absence of field (ie, absence of involvement of other leads)
– Mirror image
– Information from that electrode should be interpreted with caution
Electrode –related noise
• Salt bridge
– Undulating potentials due to low impedance connections

• High impedance
– Prevents supression of extraneous noises, therefore AC humm or EKG
are picked up.
– Therefore, impedance of all electrodes should be less than 5000 ohms.
• Photoelectric response-
– High impedance electrodes sometimes generate electrochemical
response in response to light (Photoelectric potential)
– Seen in Fp
– Lack of latency differentiates it from photomyoclonic response due to
reflex blink activity
Non-Cerebral Biological Artifacts
• Due to high amplification reqd to pick up electrocerebral activity, other
biological potentials are also picked up.
• ECG-
– Spike like appearance
– More near skull-base or left sided electrodes
– More with LVH
– Independent of cerebral potentials, doesn’t alter the EEG activity
– Concurrent single channel ECG helps diagnose, also helps differentate
seizure vs syncope
• Pulse Artifact-
– Fixed delay after QRS complex, but same rate
– Due to placement over superficial arteries
– Prominent after craniotomy
– Sinusoidal

• Eye movements
– Electrical potential of eye (DC)
– Doesn’t affect Eeg when eyes are still, but causes artifacts with eye
movements
– Also a/w rectus muscle spikes
– Depends on the rapidity of eye movements
• Blinking-
– Normally, while closing eyes, they roll upwards (bell’s phenomenon)
– Therefore, positive at Fp1, Fp2.
– A/w rectus spike
– D/D- FIRDA- diffrentiated by inv of only most anterior electrode
– Tying a loose cloth over it may help

• Glossokinetic artifact (Tongue movt)-


– Tongue tip is negative compared to base
– Symmetrical Test “la la la”
– In Fp
• Muscle artifact-
– Temporalis and frontalis
– Anxiety, tooth grinding
– Brief, high amplitude DC shifts, resemble theta or delta
– Frontalis- Fp1 and Fp2, F7, F8
– Temporalis Broad area, incl central leads

• Chewing-
– Fequency 1 hz
– Temporal
– Seen in long term monitoring
Electrical and Device Artefact
• AC power supply-
– 60 hz humm
– Difficult to eliminate
– Good grounding and single electric connection
– Else, 60 hz notch filter
• Patient Care Artefacts-
– Ventilator, LVAD, IABP, infusion pumps, VNS, DBS
– Should be switched off when possible
Movements and Physical Artifacts
• Head and movements-
– Tremor
– Shiver
– Patting, rocking, sucking and sobbing
– External physical artifacts- eg, startle, walking in the vicinity
– May resemble seizure
Thank You..!!

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