RORSCHACH

PERSONALITY
TEST
Presentation By YANA ASV
(21232PSY054)
 WHAT IS • The term Personality is derived from the Latin word “Persona’.
The mask used by actors in the Roman theater for changing their
PERSONALI facial makeup
• Allport defined personality as “a dynamic organization within the
TY? individual of those psycho-physical systems that determine
characteristics, behavior and thought.”
1. Dynamic organization: Personality is constantly changing
and growing, this growth is organized and not random
2. Psycho-physical: Psychophysical means that personalities
composed of both mind and body functioning together as a
unit. It is neither all mental nor all biological.
3. Determine: All facets of personality, activate or direct
specific behaviors and thoughts
4. Characteristic behavior and thought: This refers that
everything we think and do is a characteristic or typical of us
does. Each person is unique
 • Personality tests measure human character or disposition.

PERSONALIT • The initial personality tests were designed to assess and predict clinical
disorders

Y TESTS • These tests remain useful today for determining who needs counseling
and who will benefit from the treatment programs

DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY TESTS

• The early 1900s brought about an interest in measuring personality
of individuals
• During World war I, the US military wanted to test to help detect
soldiers who would not be able to handle stress associated with
combat. To meet this need the American psychological association
commissioned an American psychologist, Robert Woodworth, to
design such which came to be known as Personal Data Sheet. He
also developed Woodworth psycho-neurotic inventory after the
World war I this inventory was designed for civilians and was the
first self-report test.
TYPES OF PERSONALITY TESTS

INVETORIES PROJECTIVE TESTS

• Involve presenting the test-

 Involve having test-takers taker with a vague scene,
read questions and then rate object, or scenario and then
asking them to give their
how well the question or
interpretation of the test item.
statement applies to them.
 PROJECTIVE TESTS
• A projective test is a personality test in which subjects are shown
ambiguous images or given situations and asked to interpret them.
The subjects are to project their own emotions, attitudes and
impulses on to the stimulus given and then use the projections to
explain an image, tell a story or finish a sentence. These
unconscious reactions are then interpreted and used to evaluate
the subject’s personality.
• The use of these tests began in 1920 and 1930s and became more
widely used in United States military during the World war II
• Examples of projective tests: Thematic apperception test, Draw a
person test , Rorschach inkblot Test
 1. Early Life: Hermann Rorschach, born on November 8, 1884, in
Zurich, Switzerland, grew up in a family environment steeped in
HERMANN artistic and intellectual pursuits, which likely influenced his later career
RORSCHACH path.

2. Education: He pursued his academic journey at the University of

Zurich, where he showed a keen interest in medicine and psychology.

3. Medical Studies: At the university, Rorschach delved into the study

of medicine, immersing himself in various medical disciplines and
laying a solid foundation in scientific principles.

4. Interdisciplinary Curiosity: Despite his focus on medicine,

Rorschach maintained a curiosity for the arts, recognizing potential
overlaps between artistic expression and psychological understanding.

5. Holistic Development: His early life experiences and educational

background contributed to his holistic development as a psychiatrist
and psychoanalyst, shaping his innovative approach to psychological
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF
RORSCHACH INKBLOT TEST
 The Rorschach test was the first projective test developed by Swiss psychology
Herman Rorschach in 1921.
 The Rorschach test employs a series of ten bilaterally symmetrical inkblot cards, of
which some are black or gray, and others could contain applications of color.
 The test taker is asked to provide their perceptions or perspectives on the presented
ambiguous inkblot images.
 The Rorschach has been standardized using the Exner system and is useful in
identifying depression, anxiety and psychosis.
 INKBLOT CARDS
 Consists of 10 bilaterally symmetrical (mirrored images) inkblots

1. 5 chromatic inkblots

2. 2 black red and white cards

3. The remaining 3 multicolored cards

 Reliability: internal reliability of .85 or higher.

 Validity: has been found to be moderate to low (.30).

 The cards are thick and rectangular cardboards of the size 6 5/8 inches by 9 1/5 inches

 The cards are generally kept secret to the public so that there is a spontaneous reaction from the test
participant.
 The psychologist sits in an informal setting, giving the participant one card after [Link] are
taken on anything the psychologist thinks would help in decoding the results.
 ADMINISTRATION
 Free association phase

1. The cards are shown to the subject.

2. The subject is asked to tell what is on each card

 Inquiry phase

1. The examiner tries to determine which aspect of the ink plot played a role in the perception of
the image by the subject
2. Questions like: “What made it look like the (percept)”? ; “Is it the shape?” ; “ How important is
the color?”
 Testing the limits

 Asks specific questions, identify confusions and misunderstandings.

1. Determining whether the subject can refocus percept when given a new frame of reference.
 SCORING
 Scoring and interpreting Rorschach inkblot tests are complex and typically require
professional training in clinical psychology or psychiatry.

 Interpretation of Rorschach responses involves synthesizing the various scoring

dimensions to generate hypotheses about the respondent’s personality
characteristics, emotional functioning, cognitive style, and underlying
psychological dynamics.
 The various scoring dimensions are :

1. LOCATION : This refers to which part(s) of the inkblot the respondent focused
on when providing their interpretation.
2. DETERMINANTS : These are the specific features or characteristics of the
inkblot that the respondent mentioned, such as shape, movement, or color.
3. CONTENTS : This involves categorizing the respondent’s responses into different
content areas, such as human figures, animals, or abstract concepts.
4. POPULARS : These are common or typical responses that many people give for a
particular inkblot.
 LOCATION
Where Code

Entire blot W

Common detail D

Unusual detail DD

Use of white space S

 DETERMINANTS
Why Code Why Code
Form/shape F Animal movement FM

Color C Texture response Fc

Shape and color FC Shading response Fk

Color and shape CF Object movement Fm

Human movement M
 CONTENT
What Code What Code
Human H Geographical Geo
Human like (Ghost,
Animal A (H)
cartoon)
Human anatomy At Animal like (dragon,
(A)
cartoon)
Animal anatomy Aat
Human parts Hd
Object Obj
Animal parts Ad
Blood blood
Food Fd
Fire fire Sex sex
Plant plant Abstract Abs
Clouds clouds Force m
 POPULARS
 Card I. Bat or butterfly; always involves the whole blot.

 Card II Animal forms, usually heads of dogs, bears, elephants, or lambs.

 Card III. Two human figures, or representations thereof, such as dolls and caricatures.

 Card IV. Human or human-like figure such as a giant, monster, science fiction creature,etc.

 Card V. Butterfly or bat, including the whole blot; the apex of the card upright or inverted.

 Card VI. Animal skin, hide, rug, or pelt.

 Card VII. Human head or face, specifically identified as female, child, Indian, or with gender not identified.

 Card VIII. Whole animal figure. The content varies considerably, such as a bear, dog. rodent, fox, wolf, and coyote.

 Card IX. Human or human-like figures such as witches, giants, science fiction creatures, monsters, etc.

 Card X. Spider or crab with all appendages restricted to a specified area (DI). Other variations of multilegged animals are not
coded as P (popular responses).
 LIMITATIONS

 Lack of an objective system.

 Lack of satisfactory internal consistency.

 Failure to provide evidence for clinical validity.

 Individual differences between groups of normal subjects.

 Failure to find any significant relationships between Rorschach scores and

intelligence, or creativity.
THANK YOU