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•SCHOOL:
TOPIC: •STUDENT NAME:
CORRUPTIONS
•CLASS & SECTION:
•ACADEMIC YEAR:
•TEACHER IN CHARGE:
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md s ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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Insert student I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my teacher _____ who gave me the
photo golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on
the topic Social Issues,which also helped me in
doing a lot of Research and i came to know about so
many new things I am thankful to them.
Secondly i would also like to thank my parents and
friends who helped me a lot in finalizing this project
within the limited time frame.
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Contents
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Definitions and examples---------------------------------Pg:2
Case Study -----------------------------------------------Pg:3
Causes-----------------------Pg:4
Measuring corruption-----------------Pg:5-6
Recommendations for Prevention of Corruption----------------Pg:7-8
Bibliography----------------------Pg:9
Glossary---------------------------Pg:10
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sh DEFINITIONS AND EXAMPLES
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Corruption is a form of dishonesty or criminal offense
undertaken by a person or organization entrusted with
a position of authority, to acquire illicit benefit or
abuse power for one's private gain. Corruption may
include many activities including bribery and Some Examples are: Bribery ,Trading in influence ,
embezzlement, though it may also involve practices Patronage, Nepotism and cronyism , Gombeenism and
that are legal in many countries. Political corruption parochialism , Electoral fraud.
occurs when an office-holder or other governmental
employee acts in an official capacity for personal gain.
Corruption is most commonplace in kleptocracies,
oligarchies, narco-states and mafia states.
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sh CASE STUDY
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• Vyapam scam
The Vyapam scam revolves around the Madhya Pradesh Professional
Examination Board (MPPBP), a government agency in charge of administering
13 different admission exams in the state, commonly recognized as ‘Vyapam’
(Hindi acronym for Vyavsayik Pareeksha Mandal). These entrance exams are
conducted for government job recruitment and admittance to educational
institutions throughout the state. Politicians, high government officials,
businessmen, and others in Madhya Pradesh were involved in the admissions and
recruitment scam. It included employing imposters to give exams regularly,
taking advantage of exam hall seating, and providing corrupt officials with
forged answer sheets. Many of those responsible for exposing these horrendous
revelations — whistleblowers and journalists — have died in a series of
mysterious events. Around 77 lakh people are suspected of paying bribes to get
into colleges and acquire government employment.
Pg:3
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d sh ⮚ 1. Low Pay scales and Wages
m • Most of the employees in the government sector are paid low wages and salaries.
• Hence some employees revert to corruption for more financial benefits.
⮚ 2. Low Job opportunities.
• This is another cause of corruption.
• Due to the lack of job opportunities, many people opt to bribe authorities to get a job offer.
⮚ 3. Lack of accountability
∙ They tend to postpone the clearance of the files. So those in the urgency of the clearance have to
get them done by rewarding the officials involved in the clearance office.
∙ This lack of accountability in government offices is the chief cause of corruption.
∙ There is a big trend in corruption in government due to a lack of accountability
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d MEASURING
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CORRUPTION
Direct Method: measuring corruption aim at
collecting evidence-based information on
corruption through statistical and standardized
procedures. They measure actual experiences of
corruption, rather than perceptions of corruption,
and can include official data(such as reported cases
of corruption, conviction figures, electoral scrutiny
findings) and experience-based sample surveys
(which collect data on the experience of
representative samples of a given population).
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• INDIRECT
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ha i
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mdds DO NOT GAUGE THE ACTUAL
m OCCURRENCE OF CORRUPTION, BUT ARE
RATHER BASED ON PERCEIVED LEVELS OF
CORRUPTION. THEY ARE OFTEN USED BECAUSE
ACTUAL OCCURRENCES OF CORRUPTION ARE
DIFFICULT TO MEASURE. INDIRECT METHODS
CAN BE BASED ON EXPERT ASSESSMENTS
(WHERE SELECTED EXPERTS ARE ASKED TO
ASSESS CORRUPTION TRENDS AND PATTERNS IN
A GIVEN COUNTRY OR GROUP OF COUNTRIES)
OR OTHER TYPES OF SURVEYS THAT FOCUS ON
PERCEIVED LEVELS OF CORRUPTION RATHER
THAN ON ACTUAL LEVELS. THEY ARE
SOMETIMES COMPOSITE MEASUREMENTS OR
"SURVEYS OF SURVEYS" COMBINING A VARIETY
OF STATISTICAL DATA INTO A SINGLE INDICATOR.
Pg:6
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CORRUPTION
The first solution is that the citizens should fight corruption more strongly. In the past, the
perception was that a citizen will have to bribe a public servant if he wants to get a benefit which
was illegal. But today we have reached a stage where even if the legitimate requirements are
satisfied, the citizens have to bribe the public servant. According to N. Vittal, Ex-Central
Vigilance Commissioner, we should put into practice the advice of the Taitreya Upanishad about
how we can resolve our problems by coming together.
A family attachment is an important cause of corruption. A family person feels that he should
earn enough not only for himself and his lifetime but also for his children and grandchildren and
perhaps seven generations. So he requires enormous accumulation of wealth. In this situation, a
strong youth movement in the country can help reducing the corruption at a family level. Each
student should take a vow to begin this exercise courageously within the family. Former
President, Dr. Abdul Kalam has shown a great confidence in the youth to bring India out of the
clutches of corruption by 2020.
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The law
a k
iikhenforcement authorities also have a crucial role to play in this context.
The
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a thing, which has to be ensured, is proper, impartial, and unbiased use
mofd various anti-corruption Acts to take strong, deterrent prompt and timely legal
maction against the offenders, irrespective of their political connections, and
money or muscle power. Fast track udiciary courts to resolve the corruption
related cases may help in reducing the intensity of the problem.
A value based leadership encourages effective governance. Positive values like
compassion, helping others, love, truthfulness etc. help to build and develop a
society. Mahatma Gandhi and Jamshedji Tata are the examples of value-based
leaders. India should have such leadership in politics, religion, science,
industry, education, administration and practically in every sphere.
Other effective way of curtailing corruption could be to introduce a method
which will enable political parties to secure electoral funds in a bonafide
manner, or the central government may finance elections through an election
fund. This system is being followed in Germany, Norway, Sweden and some
advanced countries of Europe.
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• [Link]
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• Accountability: The obligation of an individual or an organisation (either in the public or the private sectors) to accept
responsibility for their activities, and to disclose them in a transparent manner. This includes the responsibility for decision-
making processes, money or other entrusted property.
• Anti-corruption:A term used to designate the range of approaches to combat corruption. Many broader good governance and
democracy-promotion approaches produce similar outcomes, even if they are not explicitly labelled as "anti-corruption.“
• Corruption:The abuse of entrusted power for private gain. Although this is the most common definition, other definitions
exist. The World Bank, for example, defines corruption more narrowly as "abuse of public office for private gain". All
expert/specialist variations nevertheless include three common elements: abuse (misuse, violation) of entrusted power (duty,
office, etc.) and private benefit.
• Nepotism: A form of favouritism involving family relationships, in which someone exploits his or her authority to procure
jobs or other favours for relatives. Pg:
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THANK YOU
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