PLANT AND ANIMAL ORGAN This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
SYSTEMS
under CC BY-SA-NC
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
under CC BY-SA
COMPARE AND CONTRAST PLANT
AND ANIMAL ORGAN SYSTEMS
PLANTS VS. ANIMALS
Reproduction Reproduction of plants takes place Some lower animals like algae reproduce
asexually like by budding, vegetative asexually while higher animals reproduce
methods, spores, wind, or through sexually.
insects. It also reproduces sexually. Eg.
Gumamela flowers and other flowers.
Development The growth of the plants takes place The organs and organ system supports
throughout the life, the meristematic the growth and is definite.
system present in the tip of roots and
stems supports the growth.
Mode of nutrition Plants have chlorophyll, due to which Animals are the heterotrophs, as they
they have the capability to prepare their depend on plants for their food, either
own food and are known as autotrophs. directly or indirectly.
Respiration Plants take in carbon dioxide and release Animals take in oxygen and release
oxygen into the atmosphere, exchange of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,
gases occurs through stomata. which occurs through lungs, gills, skin,
etc.
REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:
Reproduction of plants takes place asexually like by budding, vegetative
methods, spores, wind, or through insects.
BUDDING in plants
budding refers
to grafting the bud of one
plant onto another.
•Budding is the mode of asexual
reproduction wherein a new plant is
developed from an outgrowth known
as the bud.
SUGARCANE reproduced by BUDDING;
BANANA too.
VEGETATIVE METHOD: GRAFTING (asexual reproduction)
Ex. Guava plant
SPORES/SPORULATION eg. Ferns(asexual
reproduction in plants)
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF PLANTS
•Two parents are involved (both male and a
female).
EX. Gumamela
flower
Cotton
reproduced by Through
the blow of the animals
wind
Through
insects
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS
ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
Some lower animals like algae reproduce asexually while
higher animals reproduce sexually.
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN ANIMALS
Following are the important features of asexual
reproduction:
•Single parent involved.
•No fertilization or gamete formation takes place.
•This process of reproduction occurs in a very short time.
•The organisms multiply and grow rapidly.
•The offspring is genetically similar.
The different ways of asexual reproduction in animals
include:
•Budding
•Fragmentation
•Fission
•Regeneration
Sexual reproduction in animals:
Involves 2 parents.
Occurs in higher animals
Humans, domestic animals and wild animals
Offsprings differ from the parents
Takes long to reproduce
Ex. Asexual reproduction: bacteria, amoeba-occur
in PROKARYOTIC CELLS (single-celled organism).
asexual reproduction in animals:
asexual reproduction in animals:
asexual reproduction in animals:
FRAGMENTATION AND REGENERATION
IN STARFISH
MODE OF DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS:
The growth of the plants takes place throughout the life, the meristematic
system present in the tip of roots and stems supports the growth.
Meristematic system meaning:-A cell that has not yet developed into a
specialized cell type (like a skin or muscle cell). They posses a large nucleus
devoid of the vacuole.
Image of a plant cell ( BIG
NUCLEUS-centrally located)
(DEVOID OF VACUOLE)
CELL wall - Present
in plants. Absent in
animals.
MODE OF DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMALS
12 ORGANS AND ORGAN SYSTEM OF ANIMALS: (with their major organs)
1.The Respiratory System- LUNGS
2. The Circulatory System- HEART
The organs and
3. The Nervous System- BRAIN
organ system
4. The Digestive System- STOMACH AND INTESTINES supports the
5. The Endocrine System- GLANDS growth and is
6. The Reproductive System- TESTIS , OVARY definite.
7. The Lymphatic System- SPLEEN
8. The Muscular System- MUSCLES
9. The Immune System-LYMPH; WHITE BLODD CELLS
10. The Skeletal (Support) System- BONES
11. The Urinary System- KIDNEYS
12. The Integumentary System-SKIN
NUTRITION: PLANTS VS. ANIMALS
PLANTS:
Autotrophic nutrition
Plants and some bacteria have the green pigment chlorophyll to help
synthesize food. Plants prepare their own food by the process of
photosynthesis. ( carbon dioxide and water, sunlight)
Starch- stored food in plants
ANIMALS:
Heterotrophic nutrition
animals, fungi and other bacteria depend on other organisms for food.
GAS EXCHANGE/RESPIRATION
PLANTS:
Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen into the
atmosphere, exchange of gases occurs through stomata.
ANIMALS:
Animals take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide into
the atmosphere, which occurs through lungs, gills, skin,
spiracles (external respiratory opening in insects/fish) etc.
(RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF ANIMALS).
Transport System/Circulation:
ANIMALS
An animal's circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels -- arteries, veins
and capillaries -- and the blood. The heart is the pump that pushes the blood to move
along the arteries and veins. Blood from the heart and lungs usually passes through
the arteries and carries with it oxygen and nutrients to be distributed into the many
organs and cells via smaller blood vessels called the capillaries. After distribution of
these nutrients, the blood goes into the veins and takes with it waste products, like
carbon dioxide and other chemical wastes, to be eliminated via the organs
responsible for proper waste excretion.
Transport System/Circulation:
PLANTS
Xylem- is the specialized plant tissue that is responsible for carrying water and
dissolved minerals taken in from the roots. It makes up a large part of a plant's stem,
especially in woody plants where the xylem has matured into a tree trunk.
Phloem-Translocation is the process of transporting food from the leaves of the
plant; sites for photosynthesis or "food manufacturing."
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF ANIMALS
REGULATION OF BODY FLUIDS
PLANTS
HAVE NO SPECIFIC OSMOREGULATORY ORGANS HOWEVER, THEY HAVE
STOMATA BELOW THEIR LEAVES THAT REGULATE THE AMOUNT OF
WATER LOSS.
Do plants have nerves or brains?
plant don't have nerves but they do have hormones and chemical that act as
nervous system for them. for example we can take "Mimosa pudica" when we
touch there leaves they fold,as a result of the internal movement of water. so they
do have brains but plant brains.
TROPISM-A plant tropism is a growth in response to a stimulus
ANIMALS
THEY HAVE KIDNEYS. THEY PLAY A GREAT ROLE IN OSMOREGULATIONS
ANIMAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
TROPISM (plants)
Phototropism
Thigmotropism
Gravitropism
Hydrotropism
Thermotropism
Chemical/Nervous System
PLANTS
Plants show the response to stimuli like touch, light,
though are less sensitive due to the absence of the
sense organs.
ANIMALS
Animals have proper nervous system and response
to any stimuli in a fraction of seconds, so they are
regarded as highly sensitive.
