Roy’ adaptation model
Nursing is establishing itself as a scientific
discipline
The nursing models provide the basis for
selecting knowledge to be transmitted in
nursing education
It is the framework for nursing practice and
the direction for nursing research
The Callista Roy Born on 14 Oct ,1939
Bachelors of arts in nursing
Masters of science in nursing from University
of California, Los Angeles 1966
Masters of arts(M.A) in sociology
Associate professor and chairperson of the
department of nursing at mount Saint Mary's
college until 1982
1983-1985 she was Post Doctoral fellow at
Robert Wood Johnson at University of
California, as a clinical nurse scholar
in neuroscience.
Assumptions
Scientific assumptions
Philosophical assumptions
Assumptions from humanism
Assumptions based on veritivity
Major concept
1). Adaptation - goal of nursing
2). Person - adaptive system
3). Environment - stimuli
4). Health - outcome of adaptation
5). Nursing – promoting adaptation and health
Subsystems
1). Cognator subsystem
2). Regulator subsystem
Four adaptive modes
1) Physiologic needs
2) Self concept
3) Role function
4) Interdependence
THEORY DEVELOPMENT
PHILOSOPHICAL ASSUMPTIONS
1. Persons have mutual relationships with the world
and God
2. Human meaning is rooted in an omega point
convergence of the universe
3. God is intimately revealed in the diversity of
creation and is the common destiny of creation
4. Persons use human creative abilities of awareness,
enlightenment, and faith
5. Persons are accountable for the processes of
deriving, sustaining, and transforming the universe
ADAPTATION AND GROUPS
Includes relating persons, partners, families, organizations,
communities, nations, and society as a whole
A. Persons :- 1. Physiologic
2. Self-Concept
3. Role Function
4. Interdependence
B. Groups :- 1. Physical
2. Group identity
3. Role Function
4. Interdependence
ROLE FUNCTION MODE
Underlying Need of Social integrity
The need to know who one is in relation to
others so that one can act
The need for role clarity of all participants in
group
ADAPTATION LEVEL
A zone within which stimulation will lead to a
positive or adaptive response
Adaptive mode processes described on three
levels:-
1. Integrated
2. Compensatory
3. Compromised
INTEGRATED LIFE PROCESSES
Adaptation level where the structures and
functions of the life processes work to meet
needs
Examples of Integrated Adaptation –
Stable process of breathing and ventilation
Effective processes for moral-ethical-
spiritual growth
COMPENSATORY PROCESSES
Adaptation level where the cognator and
regulator are activated by a challenge to the life
processes
Compensatory Adaptation Examples
Grieving as a growth process, higher levels of
adaptation and transcendence
Role transition, growth in a new role
COMPROMISED PROCESSES
Adaptation level resulting from inadequate
integrated and compensatory life processes
Adaptation problem
Compromised Adaptation Examples
Hypoxia
Unresolved Loss
Stigma
Abusive Relationships
THE NURSING PROCESS
RAM offers guidelines to nurse in developing the
nursing process.
The elements :-
1. First level assessment
2. Second level assessment
3. Diagnosis
4. Goal setting
5. Intervention
6. Evaluation
USEFULNESS OF ADAPTATION
MODEL
Scientific knowledge for practice
Clinical assessment and intervention
Research variables
To guide nursing practice
To organize nursing education
Curricular frame work for various nursing
colleges
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE THEORY
1. Interrelated
2. Logical in nature
3. Relatively simple yet generalizable
4. Can be the basis for the hypotheses that can be tested
5. Contribute to and assist in increasing the general body
of knowledge of a discipline
6. Can be utilized by the practitioners to guide and
improve their practice
7. Consistent with other validated theories, laws and
principles
8. Testable
