WORLD WAR II AND

ITS AFTERMATH:
FORMATION OF THE
UNITED NATIONS:

BY
AYUSHI BANDHE
 Table of contents
01 Introduction 05 Aftermath of WW II

02 Major Participating 06 The United Nations

Countries

03 Causes of WW II 07 Background

Organisational
04 Timeline of WW II 08 Structure of The
UNs
WORLD WAR
II
01 INTRODUCTION

 Fought between Two groups known

as: The Allied Forces & The Axis
Forces.
 World War II was a global war that
lasted from 1939 to 1945.
 Directly involved more than 100
million people from over 30 countries.
 The World War II begun on 1
September 1939 with the invasion of
Poland by Germany and following
declarations of war on Germany by
France and Britain.
02 MAJOR PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES

BRITAIN GERMANY

ALLIED
USSR POWER FRANCE AXIS
S POWER
S
JAPAN ITALY
USA
03 CAUSES OF WWII
Violation
of Treaty
Of
Versailles
Rise of
Hitler’s
Nazism
invasion
and
of Poland
Fascism

CAUSES
OF WWII

Failure of Policy of
League of Appease
Nations ments

Japanese
invasion
of China
 Violation of Treaty Of Versailles
● After WWI, instead of solving the problem,
Treaty of Versailles created more problems.
● Germany was asked to give away her
territories & colonies, pay heavy
compensations, reduce military & naval
power and was humiliated and forced to sign
it.
● Germany was looking for an opportunity to
get rid of this Treaty and this was not possible
without aggressive foreign policy.
● So, the war was inevitable.
 Rise of Nazism and Fascism
● Mussolini opposed Treaty of
Versailles and followed aggressive
foreign policy. LN couldn't stop Italy
and its Dictator- Mussolini.
● Similarly in Germany, Hitler
opposed Treaty of Versailles and
even he followed rearmament and
aggressive foreign policy and had
started acquiring new territories.
● Hitler and Mussolini took the
countries of the world towards
Hitler & Mussolini addressing the
another World War Crowds
 Policy Of Appeasements

● Policy of Appeasement means accepting the hostile

demands of an aggressive nation to gain peace..

● England & France didn't want Germany & Italy to join

Russian Communists. So they allowed Germany to get
its territories back.

● If England and France would not have followed this

policy, Fascism and Nazism would not have taken other
countries of the world towards War.
 Japanese Invasion of China

● Japan's ambitions rose after WWI. In 1931, Japan

invaded China.
● Japan joined Berlin & Rome and formed Berlin-Rome-
Tokyo Axis.
● Japan left LN and started acquiring British and
American properties in China.
● England & France followed Policy of Appeasement
and allowed Japan to weaken China.
● Thus, the war was inevitable. Red areas shows Japanese occupied
China
 Failure of League of Nations (LN)

● LN was formed to avoid Wars but LN had failed to

maintain world peace.
● Countries like Italy & Germany weren't even
considering LN's existence.
● USA didn't join LN.
● Even the members who had joined LN weren't
following the principles of LN.
● LN members themselves entered into military alliances
and took the countries of the world towards the war.
 Hitler’s Invasion of Poland
● Hitler invaded Poland on 1st September 1939
which acted as a sudden spark and results in the
beginning of WW II.

● Germany had accused Poland for being unjust

with the Germans staying there and thus attacked
Poland.

● Germany had signed non-aggression with Russia

in August 1939. And attacked Poland in
September.
04
WORLD WAR II TIMELINE
Invasion of Britain and France declare war on Germany after
1939 Poland the German invasion of Poland

Germany invades France. And starts a war on

1940 Invasion of France Britain and attacked London in September

Germans attacked ships sailing from USA in the

Battle of
1941 Atlantis
battle called "Battle Of Atlantis & Japan attacked
Pearl Harbour

The Allies begin air bombing on Germany and

1942 Attack on USSR Germany invaded Soviet Union. In November
Soviet Union attacked Germany
 WORLD WAR II TIMELINE
Battle of Soviet Union forces German army to surrender at
1943 Stalingrad Stalingrad

The Allies invaded France and took Paris from

1944 Attack on France Germans

Invasion of The Allies invaded Germany

1945 Germany
Germany surrendered and Hitler committed
Defeat of suicide. In August USA dropped atomic bombs on
1945 Germany & Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan surrendered and
with these, WW II finally comes to an end after 6
Japan years
05 AFTERMATH OF WW II
 Millions of people became homeless.
 The European economy collapsed.
 European industrial infrastructure destroyed.
 The Soviet Union was heavily affected.
 Nazi party of Germany collapsed.
 Creation of United Nations.
 Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires.
 It resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities.
06 THE UNITED NATIONS

 The UN is an international organization that aims to promote peace and security between nations.

 The United Nation was formed as an aftermath of devastating World War II.
07 BACKGROUND
● The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental
organization, established on 24 October 1945 to
promote international co-operation.
● It is established as a replacement of League of Nations
after it’s failure.
● At its founding, the UN had 51 member states: there are
now 193.
● The UN Headquarters is situated in Manhattan, New
York City.
● It was mainly established by Stalin(USSR),
Roosevelt(USA), and Winston Churchill(BRITAIN) by
signing the UN charter after negotiating ending of J.Stalin Roosevelt Roosevelt
WWII.
 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE UNO
08
GENERAL
ASSEMBLY

SECRETARAI
T SECURITY
COUNCIL

UNO
TRUSTEESH ECONOMIC
IP COUNCIL & SOCIAL
COUNCIL
INTERNATI
ONAL
COURT OF
JUSTICE
 UNITED NATIONS GENERAL
ASSEMBLY(UNGA)
 The General Assembly has representatives from
all of the member countries.

 Their main function is to assess member countries

and to decide annual budget.

 The General Assembly also includes various

councils, panels, and working groups that focus
on current world issues.

Headquarter of UNGA at New York

UNITED NATION SECURITY COUNCIL (UNSC)

● The Security Council is the UN's most powerful

organ.

● Deals with threats to international peace and

security.

● It has 15 members, 5 permanent and 10 non-

permanent.

● Five permanent members: US, Britain, France,

Russia, and China all of which enjoys Veto
power.
 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL
(ECOSOC)

 This group focuses on issues that impact the

world and various countries economically and
socially.

 Paula Narvaez is the current president of the

ECOSOC.

 Each member of this council has one vote, a

simple majority is needed to pass a resolution.
 INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
(ICJ)
● It is the principal judicial organ of the UN which
consists of 15 judges elected by the General
Assembly and Security Council.

● The court is located in the Hague, Netherlands.

● Its main functions are to settle legal disputes

submitted to it by states and to provide advisory
opinions on legal questions submitted to it

● No appeals can be made by parties to its

Judgment. Headquarter of ICJ at Hague.
 THE TRUSTEESHIP COUNCIL

● It is authorized to examine and discuss reports

from the Administering Authority on the political,
economic, social and educational advancement of
the peoples of Trust Territories.

● In consultation with the Administering Authority,

to examine petitions from and undertake periodic
and other special missions to Trust Territories.

● James Kariuki is the current president of the

Trusteeship Council.
 THE SECRETARAIT

● The UN Secretariat is headed by the Secretary-General,

assisted by a staff of international civil servants
worldwide.

● It carries out tasks as directed by the Security Council,

the General Assembly, the Economic and Social
Council, and other UN bodies.

● The Secretary General holds office for five years per

term.

● Current Secretary General is Antonio Gutiérrez.

Antonio Gutiérrez
THANKS

AYUSHI BANDHE