Let us Pray
Parallelogram
Quadrilaterals
are four-sided
polygons
Parallelogram: is a
quadrilateral with both
pairs of opposite sides
parallel.
A B
Theorem 6.1 : Opposite
sides of a parallelogram
are congruent
D C
If AD BC
and AD = 5m 5m
then BC = ____
If AD 10m
and BC = 2x 5m
then x = ______
Theorem 6.2: Opposite A B
angles of a parallelogram
are congruent
D C
If <A <C
and <A = 30° 30°
then <C = _____
If <A = 60 °
and <C = 40° + 2x 10°
then x = ______
A B
Theorem 6.3:
Consecutive angles in
a parallelogram
are supplementary. D C
m<A+m<B = 180°
m <B+m<C = 180°
m<C+m<D = 180°
m<D+m<A = 180°
If m<A = 95 °
then 85°
m<B = ___
95°
m<C = ___
85°
m<D = ___
Theorem 6.4: The diagonals of a
parallelogram bisect each other.
•Draw a parallelogram : ABCD on a piece of
construction paper.
•Cut the parallelogram.
•Fold the paper and make a crease from A to C and from
B to D.
•Fold the paper so A lies on C. What do you observe?
•Fold the paper so B lies on D. What do you observe?
•What theorem is confirmed by these Observations?
Theorem 6.5 :If both pairs of opposite sides of a
quadrilateral are congruent, then the quadrilateral
is a parallelogram.
A B
If AD BC and AB DC,
then ABCD is a parallelogram
D C
Theorem 6.6: If both pairs of opposite
angles of a quadrilateral are congruent,
then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
If <A <C and <B <D, then
ABCD is a parallelogram
Theorem 6.7: If the diagonals of a quadrilateral
bisect each other, then the quadrilateral is a
parallelogram
A B
D C
Theorem 6.8: If one pair of opposite sides of a
quadrilateral is both parallel and congruent, then
the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
Try this: In the parallelogram given below, find the
lengths of the sides GJ and HI .
Solution:
According to the properties of parallelogram, the lengths of the opposite
sides are equal.
So, Length of GJ = Length of HI: x + 44 = 5x
Solve for the Length of HI:
44 = 5x -x
Substitute the value of x as 11 in 5x, that is, 5 • 11 44 = 4x
Hence, HI = 55 11 = x
Solve for the length of GJ:
Substitute the value of x as 11 in x + 44 Therefore, the
GJ = 11+ 44
GJ = 55 lengths of GJ and
HI is 55 cm each.
A Quadrilateral is a Parallelogram if...
Both pairs of opposite sides are
parallel. (Definition)
Both pairs of opposite sides are
congruent. (Theorem 6.5)
Both pairs of opposite angles are
congruent. (Theorem 6.6)
Diagonals bisect each other. (Theorem 6.7)
A pair of opposite sides is both parallel and
congruent. (Theorem 6.8)
Direction: Read and analyze the problem statement and
answer each carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
1. Mr. Sarte’s garden has 4 equal sides. It has 2 pairs of parallel sides and
there are no right angles. Choose the most precise name for the shape of Mr.
Sarte’s garden.
a. Trapezoid b. Square c. Parallelogram d. Rhombus
2. Which of the following conditions below determines that the figure
at the right that is a parallelogram?
a. x = 30, ABCD is a parallelogram
b. x = 6, ABCD is not a parallelogram
c. x = 30, ABCD is not a parallelogram
d. x = 15, ABCD is a parallelogram
3. Determine the value of x for which EFGH is a parallelogram.
a.60
b. 5
c. 15
d. 10
4. Figure JKLM is a parallelogram. Find m∠J.
a.140°
b. 40°
c. 20°
d. 100°
5. RSTU is a square. The diagonals intersect at V. Find m ∠SRV and justify
your answer.
a. 90° because all angles of a square are 90°.
b. 90° because diagonals of a square are perpendicular .
c. 45° because diagonals of a square bisect the angles .
d. 180° because consecutive angles are supplementary.
